Optimum power of a nonlinear piezomagnetoelastic energy harvester with using multidisciplinary optimization algorithms

2020 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2097443
Author(s):  
Mohammad Tahmasbi ◽  
Asghar Jamshiddoust ◽  
Amin Farrokhabadi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Random Search ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Multidisciplinary Optimization ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Parallel Configuration ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices

Energy-harvesting devices have been widely used to generate electrical power. Through the use of energy harvesting techniques, ambient vibration energy can be captured and converted into usable electricity in order to create self-powering systems. In the present study, to further improve the efficiency of energy-harvesting devices, a nonlinear piezomagnetoelastic energy harvester is proposed in two different configurations that is parallel and series. In order to optimize the generated electrical power, the physical parameters of the harvester are chosen as the design variables. Classical and Metaheuristic algorithms, namely, random search, genetic algorithm, and simulated annealing are applied to optimize the output power regarding the stress and displacement constraints and feasible variable bounds. Finally, the results of the applied algorithms are compared together. The results demonstrate that most of the implemented algorithms converge to the similar objective function value. The constrained random search methods with SQP and active set algorithms converge faster with small iterations. However, the genetic algorithm and simulated annealing algorithm are more capable to find the global optimum. The obtained results revealed that, before the optimization, the average extracted power in specified time was 3.121 W in parallel configuration and 3.156 W in serial configuration. By using the optimization approaches, the power converged to 4.273 W in parallel configuration and 4.296 W in serial configuration that means the power is increased by 36.9% and 36.1% approximately.

scholarly journals Recent Trend in Biomechanical Energy Harvesting

10.48175/606 ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Swapnil Arawade ◽  
Ganesh Korwar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
The Past ◽  
Innovative Work ◽  
Work Done

In this literature different biomechanical energy harvesters are reviewed. In the past years a lot of work reported on energy harvesting. Energy crisis is the main issue in front of human so it is essential to find new promising ways to fulfil the need of electricity. Wearable smart devices and small sensor require low electrical power so to power them biomechanical energy harvesters comes into picture. The innovative work done by the researchers in developing new biomechanical energy harvester is discussed and summarized.

Optimizing the Electrical Power in an Energy Harvesting System

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1550171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Coccolo ◽  
Grzegorz Litak ◽  
Jesús M. Seoane ◽  
Miguel A. F. Sanjuán
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
Vibrational Resonance ◽  
Energy Harvesting System

In this paper, we study the vibrational resonance (VR) phenomenon as a useful mechanism for energy harvesting purposes. A system, driven by a low frequency and a high frequency forcing, can give birth to the vibrational resonance phenomenon, when the two forcing amplitudes resonate and a maximum in amplitude is reached. We apply this idea to a bistable oscillator that can convert environmental kinetic energy into electrical energy, that is, an energy harvester. Normally, the VR phenomenon is studied in terms of the forcing amplitudes or of the frequencies, that are not always easy to adjust and change. Here, we study the VR generated by tuning another parameter that is possible to manipulate when the forcing values depend on the environmental conditions. We have investigated the dependence of the maximum response due to the VR for small and large variations in the forcing amplitudes and frequencies. Besides, we have plotted color coded figures in the space of the two forcing amplitudes, in which it is possible to appreciate different patterns in the electrical power generated by the system. These patterns provide useful information on the forcing amplitudes in order to produce the optimal electrical power.

Investigations of a Stiffness Tunable Nonlinear Vibrational Energy Harvester

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (08) ◽  
pp. 1440023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxu Su ◽  
Kimihiko Nakano ◽  
Rencheng Zheng ◽  
Matthew P. Cartmell
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Duffing Oscillator ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices ◽  
Energy Orbit

The recent potential benefit of nonlinearity has been applying in order to improve the effectiveness of energy harvesting devices. For instance, at relatively high excitation levels, both low and high-energy responses can coexist for the same parameter combinations in a hardening type Duffing oscillator, and this provides a wider bandwidth and a higher energy harvesting effectiveness under periodic excitations. However, frequency or amplitude sweeps of the excitation must be used in order to reach a desirable high-energy orbit, and this gives a limitation on practical implementation. This paper presents a stiffness tunable nonlinear vibrational energy harvester which contains a moving magnetic end mass attached to a cantilever beam, whose nonlinearity emerges from the interaction forces with two neighboring permanent magnets facing with opposing poles. The motivating hypothesis has been that the jump from the low-energy orbit to the high-energy orbit can be triggered by tuning the stiffness of the system without changing the frequency or the amplitude of the excitation. Theoretical investigations show a methodology for tuning stiffness, and experimental tests have validated that the proposed method can be used to trigger a jump to the desirable state, and hereby this can broaden the bandwidth of the energy harvester.

Passive Energy Harvesting From Human Activities

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwar Romero ◽  
Michael R. Neuman ◽  
Robert O. Warrington
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Planar Coil ◽  
Solar Powered ◽  
The One ◽  
Electrical Power Output

Energy harvesting from environmental sources such as motion, light, and temperature changes, has been demonstrated with commercially viable products (such as human-powered flashlights, solar-powered calculators, and thermal-powered wristwatches). Vibration or motion is an attractive environmental energy source due to its abundance and availability. A new electromagnetic energy harvester presented here is found to be capable for scavenging energy from human motion. The electrical power output of an inertial energy scavenger is proportional to the acceleration-squared-to-frequency (ASTF) and the quality (Q) factor. Human motion is associated with large ASTF values and low Q factors while machine vibrations are usually related with the opposite. Thus, passive energy harvesting from human activities could generate as much power as the one available from machine harvesters. The limit for such inertial generator is estimated to be on the order of 1mW/cm3. This paper reviews the energy harvesting limits, the energy generation from human activities, and the development of a new oscillating electromagnetic generator. This energy harvester is built with a permanent magnet (PM) ring with multiple poles and a gear-shaped planar coil. The PM ring has attached an eccentric proof mass for converting external movement into oscillations or rotations, these oscillations induce an electrical potential on the planar coil. As much as 3.45μW of power have been generated with a prototype at a frequency of 2.7Hz on a laboratory shaker and 2.35μW had been obtained when positioned laterally on the hip while walking.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithm on systems of linear equations

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1297
Author(s):  
Md. Shabiul Islam ◽  
Most Tahamina Khatoon ◽  
Kazy Noor-e-Alam Siddiquee ◽  
Wong Hin Yong ◽  
Mohammad Nurul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
Random Search ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Simultaneous Equations ◽  
Function Evaluation ◽  
Solution Sets

Problem solving and modelling in traditional substitution methods at large scale for systems using sets of simultaneous equations is time consuming. For such large scale global-optimization problem, Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm and Genetic Algorithm (GA) as meta-heuristics for random search technique perform faster. Therefore, this study applies the SA to solve the problem of linear equations and evaluates its performances against Genetic Algorithms (GAs), a population-based search meta-heuristic, which are widely used in Travelling Salesman problems (TSP), Noise reduction and many more. This paper presents comparison between performances of the SA and GA for solving real time scientific problems. The significance of this paper is to solve the certain real time systems with a set of simultaneous linear equations containing different unknown variable samples those were simulated in Matlab using two algorithms-SA and GA. In all of the experiments, the generated random initial solution sets and the random population of solution sets were used in the SA and GA respectively. The comparison and performances of the SA and GA were evaluated for the optimization to take place for providing sets of solutions on certain systems. The SA algorithm is superior to GA on the basis of experimentation done on the sets of simultaneous equations, with a lower fitness function evaluation count in MATLAB simulation. Since, complex non-linear systems of equations have not been the primary focus of this research, in future, performances of SA and GA using such equations will be addressed. Even though GA maintained a relatively lower number of average generations than SA, SA still managed to outperform GA with a reasonably lower fitness function evaluation count. Although SA sometimes converges slowly, still it is efficient for solving problems of simultaneous equations in this case. In terms of computational complexity, SA was far more superior to GAs.

scholarly journals Footstep Energy Harvesting with the Magnetostrictive Fiber Integrated Shoes

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Kurita ◽  
Kenichi Katabira ◽  
Yu Yoshida ◽  
Fumio Narita
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Output Energy ◽  
User Mobility ◽  
Magnetostrictive Materials ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Functional Point ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices

Wearable energy harvesting devices attract attention as the devices provide electrical power without inhibiting user mobility and independence. While the piezoelectric materials integrated shoes have been considered as wearable energy harvesting devices for a long time, they can lose their energy harvesting performance after being used several times due to their brittleness. In this study, we focused on Fe–Co magnetostrictive materials and fabricated Fe–Co magnetostrictive fiber integrated shoes. We revealed that Fe–Co magnetostrictive fiber integrated shoes are capable of generating 1.2 µJ from 1000 steps of usual walking by the Villari (inverse magnetostrictive) effect. It seems that the output energy is dependent on user habit on ambulation, not on their weight. From both a mechanical and functional point of view, Fe–Co magnetostrictive fiber integrated shoes demonstrated stable energy harvesting performance after being used many times. It is likely that Fe–Co magnetostrictive fiber integrated shoes are available as sustainable and wearable energy harvesting devices.

Electroelastic Finite Element Modeling and Experimental Validation of Structurally-Integrated Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugur Aridogan ◽  
Ipek Basdogan ◽  
Alper Erturk
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Thin Plates ◽  
Flexible Plate ◽  
Numerical Predictions ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Host Structure

Vibration-based energy harvesting has attracted interest of researchers from various disciplines over the past decade. In the literature of piezoelectric energy harvesting, the typical configuration is a unimorph or a bimorph cantilevered piezoelectric beam located on a vibrating host structure subjected to base excitations. As an alternative to cantilevered piezoelectric beams, piezoelectric layers structurally integrated on thin plates can be used as vibration-based energy harvesters since plates and plate-type structures are commonly used in aerospace, automotive and marine applications. The aim of this paper is to present experiments and electroelastic finite element simulations of a piezoelectric energy harvester structurally integrated on a thin plate. The finite element model of the piezoceramic patch and the all-edges-clamped plate are built. In parallel, an experimental setup is constructed using a thin PZT-5A piezoceramic patch attached on the surface of all-edges-clamped rectangular aluminum plate. The electroelastic frequency response functions relating voltage output and vibration response to forcing input are validated using the experimentally obtained results. Finally, electrical power generation of the piezoceramic patch is investigated using the experimental set-up for a set of resistive loads. The numerical predictions and experimental results show that the use of all-edge-clamped flexible plate as host structure for piezoelectric energy harvester leads to multimodal vibration-to-electricity conversion.

Demonstrating the effects of elastic support on power generation and storage capability of piezoelectric energy harvesting devices

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Zamani Kouhpanji
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Elastic Support ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Beam ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices ◽  
And Storage

This study represents effects of an elastic support on the power generation and storage capability of piezoelectric energy harvesting devices. The governing equations were derived and solved for a piezoelectric energy harvesting device made of elastic support, multilayer piezoelectric beam, and a proof mass at its free end. Furthermore, a Thevenin model for a rechargeable battery was considered for storage of the produced power of the piezoelectric energy harvesting device. Analyzing the time-domain and frequency-domain responses of the piezoelectric energy harvesting device on an elastic support shows that the elastic deformation of the support significantly reduces the power generation and storage capability of the device. It was also found that the power generation and storage capability of the piezoelectric energy harvesting device can be enhanced by choosing appropriate physical parameters of the piezoelectric beam even if the elastic properties of the support are poor relative to elastic properties of the piezoelectric beam. These results provide an insightful understanding for designing and material selection for the support in order to reach the highest possible power generation and storage capability for piezoelectric energy harvesting devices.

Surgically Implanted Energy Harvesting Devices for Renewable Power Sources in Insect Cyborgs

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Reissman ◽  
Ephrahim Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Implantation Process ◽  
Battery Technology ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices ◽  
Application Specific

This work details the implantation process of an energy harvester platform within a Manduca sexta Hawkmoth for the purpose of creating a cyborg insect. Also included is an evaluation of energy harvesting with respect to present lightweight battery technology and the magnitudes of ambient energy available for the cyborg insect application. Specific emphasis is given to kinetic energy harvester development, with theory and fabrication of the devices detailed.

scholarly journals Energy Harvesting Backpacks for Human Load Carriage: Modelling and Performance Evaluation

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Ledeng Huang ◽  
Ruishi Wang ◽  
Zhenhua Yang ◽  
Longhan Xie
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Load Carriage ◽  
Metabolic Power ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
And Performance

In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for portable power sources as people are required to carry more equipment for occupational, military, or recreational purposes. The energy harvesting backpack that moves relative to the human body, could capture kinetic energy from human walking and convert vertical oscillation into the rotational motion of the generators to generate electricity. In our previous work, a light-weight tube-like energy harvester (TL harvester) and a traditional frequency-tuneable backpack-based energy harvester (FT harvester) were proposed. In this paper, we discuss the power generation performance of the two types of energy harvesters and the energy performance of human loaded walking, while carrying energy harvesting backpacks, based on two different spring-mass-damper models. Testing revealed that the electrical power in the experiments showed similar trends to the simulation results, but the calculated electrical power and the net metabolic power were higher than that of the experiments. Moreover, the total cost of harvesting (TCOH), defined as additional metabolic power in watt required to generate 1 W of electrical power, could be negative, which indicated that there is a chance to generate 6.11 W of electricity without increasing the metabolic cost while carrying energy harvesting backpacks.

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