Contracted Extravelar Segments of the Levator Veli Palatini Muscle: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Morphometric Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
Youkyung Bae ◽  
Karen Perta ◽  
Kerrie Obert ◽  
Eileen Kalmar
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Levator Veli Palatini ◽  
Scan Time ◽  
Muscle Origin

Objectives: To provide detailed descriptions of contraction-induced morphometric changes in the extravelar segments of the levator veli palatini (LVP) muscle using 3-dimensional (3-D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Design: Three-dimensional MRI data were acquired at rest and during “silent /i/” from 4 singers. During silent /i/, participants voluntarily sustained velar elevation while breathing orally for the entire scan time. Focusing on the extravelar segments, LVP length, angle of the muscle origin, and cross-sectional area (CSA), measurements were obtained and compared between tasks. Results: Three of the 4 participants exhibited the expected patterns of change following concentric contraction of the LVP muscle. Consistent changes from the resting to the contracted state included reductions in LVP length by 13.5% and angle of the muscle origin by 9.8%, as well as increases in CSAs by 22.1%, on average. Conclusions: This study presented high-resolution data of the LVP muscle behavior with the first in vivo 3-D measurements of the contracted LVP muscle, which can be useful for the validation of computational models that aim at describing biomechanical properties of the LVP muscle in future research. The active behavior of the extravelar LVP muscle also provides some insight on optimal LVP muscle geometry to consider during cleft palate repair.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional anatomy, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the banded houndshark (Triakis scyllium)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Wha Kim ◽  
Adams Hei Long Yuen ◽  
Cherry Tsz Ching Poon ◽  
Joon Oh Hwang ◽  
Chang Jun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Evolutionary Developmental Biology ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional

AbstractDue to their important phylogenetic position among extant vertebrates, sharks are an invaluable group in evolutionary developmental biology studies. A thorough understanding of shark anatomy is essential to facilitate these studies and documentation of this iconic taxon. With the increasing availability of cross-sectional imaging techniques, the complicated anatomy of both cartilaginous and soft tissues can be analyzed non-invasively, quickly, and accurately. The aim of this study is to provide a detailed anatomical description of the normal banded houndshark (Triakis scyllium) using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) along with cryosection images. Three banded houndsharks were scanned using a 64-detector row spiral CT scanner and a 3 T MRI scanner. All images were digitally stored and assessed using open-source Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine viewer software in the transverse, sagittal, and dorsal dimensions. The banded houndshark cadavers were then cryosectioned at approximately 1-cm intervals. Corresponding transverse cryosection images were chosen to identify the best anatomical correlations for transverse CT and MRI images. The resulting images provided excellent detail of the major anatomical structures of the banded houndshark. The illustrations in the present study could be considered as a useful reference for interpretation of normal and pathological imaging studies of sharks.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging template to standardize reporting of anal fistulas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Sudoł-Szopińska ◽  
G. A. Santoro ◽  
M. Kołodziejczak ◽  
A. Wiaczek ◽  
U. Grossi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Anal Fistulas ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Radiology Reports ◽  
Colorectal Surgeons ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractAnal fistula (AF) is a common referral to colorectal surgeons. Management remains challenging and sometimes controversial. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is commonly performed in initial workup for AF. However, reports often lack key information for guiding treatment strategies. It has been shown that with structured radiology reports, there is less missing information. We present a structured MRI template report including 8 key descriptors of anal fistulas, whose effectiveness and acceptability are being assessed in a cross-sectional study (NCT04541238).

scholarly journals Relationship between abnormalities detected by magnetic resonance imaging and knee symptoms in early knee osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiya Ota ◽  
Eiji Sasaki ◽  
Shizuka Sasaki ◽  
Daisuke Chiba ◽  
Yuka Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Radiographic Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Meniscal Lesions ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractWe investigated the prevalence of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings and their relationship with knee symptoms in women without radiographic evidence of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This cross-sectional cohort study included 359 Japanese women without radiographic evidence of KOA (Kellgren‒Lawrence grade < 2). All participants underwent T2-weighted fat-suppressed MRI of their knees. Structural abnormalities (cartilage damage, bone marrow lesions [BMLs], subchondral cysts, bone attrition, osteophytes, meniscal lesions, and synovitis) were scored according to the whole-organ MRI score method. Knee symptoms were evaluated using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score. Participants were divided into early and non-KOA groups based on early KOA classification criteria. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between MRI abnormalities and knee symptoms. Cartilage damage was the most common abnormality (43.5%). The prevalences of cartilage damage, BMLs, subchondral cysts, bone attrition, meniscal lesions, and synovitis were higher in patients with early KOA than in those without. Synovitis (odds ratio [OR] 2.254, P = 0.002) and meniscal lesions (OR 1.479, P = 0.031) were positively associated with the presence of early KOA. Synovitis was most strongly associated with knee pain and might be a therapeutic target in patients with early KOA.

Radiological findings of fibrocartilaginous coalition of the third tarsometatarsal joint: a retrospective cross-sectional study with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1541-1544
Author(s):  
Giancarlo MC Domingues ◽  
Taise T da Silva ◽  
André Y Aihara ◽  
Fabiano N Cardoso ◽  
Virgílio O Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
English Language ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Tarsal Coalition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Third ◽  
Tarsometatarsal Joint

Background Fibrocartilaginous coalition of the third tarsometatarsal joint has been indicated as an extremely rare form of tarsal coalition in the radiological literature, and most articles concerned with tarsal coalition do not mention involvement of this joint. Only two reports written in the English language that approach this subject were found, an orthopedic report and an anthropological report. Purpose To evaluate the prevalence of this finding and discuss and illustrate the radiological characteristics of this coalition. Material and Methods A retrospective analysis of 614 computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans of the ankle and/or foot, acquired at a health service within a period of three months, was performed to assess the prevalence of this coalition. Results Of the examinations characterized as valid for analysis for the purposes of the study, 17 cases compatible with fibrocartilaginous coalition of the third tarsometatarsal joint were found, thus indicating an involvement of approximately 2.97% of the examined feet. Conclusion Our radiological findings are typical, and the prevalence found in this study was statistically significant, being similar to that described in the anthropological report (3.2%–6.8%).

scholarly journals Radiomics and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Rectal Cancer: From Engineering to Clinical Practice

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 756
Author(s):  
Francesca Coppola ◽  
Valentina Giannini ◽  
Michela Gabelloni ◽  
Jovana Panic ◽  
Arianna Defeudis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional

While cross-sectional imaging has seen continuous progress and plays an undiscussed pivotal role in the diagnostic management and treatment planning of patients with rectal cancer, a largely unmet need remains for improved staging accuracy, assessment of treatment response and prediction of individual patient outcome. Moreover, the increasing availability of target therapies has called for developing reliable diagnostic tools for identifying potential responders and optimizing overall treatment strategy on a personalized basis. Radiomics has emerged as a promising, still fully evolving research topic, which could harness the power of modern computer technology to generate quantitative information from imaging datasets based on advanced data-driven biomathematical models, potentially providing an added value to conventional imaging for improved patient management. The present study aimed to illustrate the contribution that current radiomics methods applied to magnetic resonance imaging can offer to managing patients with rectal cancer.

Contrast-agent free evaluation of cardiomyopathies with T1 mapping and the new fast strain-encoded (fSENC) magnetic resonance imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Hirschberg ◽  
O Paul ◽  
J Salatzki ◽  
F Andre ◽  
J Riffel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
T1 Mapping ◽  
Hypertensive Heart Disease ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Gadolinium Enhancement ◽  
Scan Time ◽  
Normal Individuals

Abstract Background Cardiomyopathies (CMP) may cause impairment of cardiac function and structure. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CMR) is used for analysis and risk stratification of CMP by Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE). However, T1 mapping (T1) and fast strain encoded (f-SENC) sequences allow contrast-free and faster exams. The aim of this study was to characterize CMP by T1 and f-SENC to develop a faster and safer CMR protocol (fast-CMR). Methods CMP scans from our CMR database were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were scanned at 1.5T/3T scanner. Study groups were divided as follows: Patients with normal findings, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), hypertensive heart disease (HHD) and cardiac amyloidosis. Global T1 times, longitudinal (GLS) and circumferential (GCS) strain using f-SENC of study groups were compared to healthy individuals (controls). Scan time and amount of gadolinium-based contrast agent (CA) in CMR-protocol with LGE were compared to fast-CMR. Results 174 patients and 31 controls were recruited. T1 times, GLS and GCS were similar between controls and normal individuals. T1 times were significantly increased (p&lt;0.05), while GLS and GCS were significantly reduced (p&lt;0.05) in all CMR study groups compared to controls (Table 1). Using fast-CMR 21 (±6) min of scan time were saved, about 47%, and 9 (±2) ml of CA were saved per patient. Conclusion Normal findings could be identified by fast-CMR without contrast agent. Fast CMR might also be a useful tool to identify different forms of CMP. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Measurement of Anteroposterior diameters of normal brainstem by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
S. Singh ◽  
BR Sharma ◽  
M. Bhatta ◽  
N. Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Average Ratio ◽  
Sagittal Diameter ◽  
Anteroposterior Diameter ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
And Gender

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the anteroposterior diameter of brainstem (midbrain, pons and medulla) of normal Nepalese people to establish normal ranges and to correlate the measurement with pa­tient’s age and gender. Method: The study is a cross-sectional prospective study which is per­formed in Gandaki Medical College, Pokhara. The data is collected over the period of 5 months from May 2018 to September 2018. The data of total 103 patients are collected who underwent (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) MRI head. Measurements of sagittal diameter at predefined levels i.e. distance between upper border of pons to midway between superior and inferior colliculi (A) for midbrain, distance between an­terior surface of pons to the floor of fourth ventricle (B) for pons and anteroposterior diameter perpendicular to the long axis of medulla just above the posterior kink at cervicomedullary junction for medulla ob­longata were made and noted. Result: The mean anteroposterior diameter of midbrain, pons and me­dulla oblongata was found to be 1.7048 ± 0.12 cm, 2.27 ± 0.13cm and 1.3 ± 0.088 cm respectively. The average ratio of sagittal diameter of pons to sagittal diameter of midbrain was 1.34 ± 0.099 cm and average ratio of sagittal diameter of pons to medulla oblongata was 1.75 ± 0.123 cm. Conclusion: There was no statistically significant correlation of the sagittal diameter of midbrain, pons and medulla with patient’s gender. The sagittal diameter of brainstem reached maximum at the age 20 and stopped increasing. The sagittal diameter of midbrain and medulla ob­longata decreased slightly after the age of 50 and decreased significant­ly after the age of 70. There was no decrease in the sagittal diameter of pons after age.

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