Toward a User-Centered Approach for Emergency Warning Distribution

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradford L. Schroeder ◽  
Daphne E. Whitmer ◽  
Valerie K. Sims
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Warning Messages ◽  
Inappropriate Response ◽  
Warning Response ◽  
User Centered

There are many known problems with inappropriate response to emergency warnings. Recommended actions are not always properly followed, and sometimes emergency warnings are not taken seriously. A variety of psychological individual differences can influence the perception of emergency warnings. At present, warning distributors do not consider how these factors affect emergency warning response. We recommend that emergency warning distribution systems be developed that account for these differences to improve response. To this end, we propose four guidelines supported by psychological research and inspired by currently available technologies. These guidelines frame a user-centered approach to more appropriately tailor warning messages for each recipient.

The Bullshitting Frequency Scale: Development and psychometric properties

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Littrell ◽  
Evan F. Risko ◽  
Jonathan Albert Fugelsang
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Misleading Information ◽  
Social Decision ◽  
Frequency Scale ◽  
Dispositional Factors ◽  
Reliable Scale

Recent psychological research has identified important individual differences associated with receptivity to bullshit, which has greatly enhanced our understanding of the processes behind susceptibility to pseudo-profound or otherwise misleading information. However, the bulk of this research attention has focused on cognitive and dispositional factors related to bullshit (the product), while largely overlooking the influences behind bullshitting (the act). Here, we present results from four studies (focusing on the construction and validation of a new, reliable scale measuring the frequency with which individuals engage in two types of bullshitting (persuasive and evasive) in everyday situations. Overall, bullshitting frequency was negatively associated with sincerity, honesty, cognitive ability, open-minded cognition, and self-regard. Additionally, the Bullshitting Frequency Scale was found to reliably measure constructs that are: 1) distinct from lying, and; 2) significantly related to performance on overclaiming and social decision tasks. These results represent an important step forward by demonstrating the utility of the Bullshitting Frequency Scale as well as highlighting certain individual differences that may play important roles in the extent to which individuals engage in everyday bullshitting.

scholarly journals GPS Technology and Human Psychological Research: A Methodological Proposal

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro S. A. Wolf ◽  
W. Jake Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Gps Technology ◽  
Spatial Use ◽  
Natural Measures

Animal behaviorists have made extensive use of GPS technology since 1991. In contrast, psychological research has made little use of the technology, even though the technology is relatively inexpensive, familiar, and widespread. Hence, its potential for pure and applied psychological research remains untapped. We describe three methods psychologists could apply to individual differences research, clinical research, or spatial use research. In the context of individual differences research, GPS technology permits us to test hypotheses predicting specific relations among patterns of spatial use and individual differences variables. In a clinical context, GPS technology provides outcome measures that may relate to the outcome of interventions designed to treat psychological disorders that, for example, may leave a person homebound (e.g. Agoraphobia, PTSD, TBI). Finally, GPS technology provides natural measures of spatial use. We, for example, used GPS technology to quantify traffic flow and exhibit use at the Arizona Sonora Desert Museum. Interested parties could easily extend this methodology some aspects of urban planning or business usage.  DOI:10.2458/azu_jmmss_v1i1_wolf

Different perspectives of human behavior entail different experimental practices

2001 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramzi Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Valuable Data ◽  
Data Variability ◽  
Psychology And Economics

My main argument is that the advice offered to experimental psychologists by Hertwig & Ortmann overlooks fundamental differences between the goals of researchers in psychology and economics. Furthermore, it is argued that the reduction of data variability is not always an end to be sought by psychologists. Variability that originates in individual differences constitutes valuable data for psychological research.

Milling and Public Warnings

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 535-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele M. Wood ◽  
Dennis S. Mileti ◽  
Hamilton Bean ◽  
Brooke F. Liu ◽  
Jeannette Sutton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Response Delay ◽  
Warning Messages ◽  
Norm Theory ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods ◽  
Warning Response

Given the potential of modern warning technology to save lives, discovering whether it is possible to craft mobile alerts for imminent events in a way that reduces people’s tendency to seek and confirm information before initiating protective action is essential. The purpose of this study was to examine the possibility of designing messages for mobile devices, such as Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA) messages, to minimize action delay. The impact of messages with varied amounts of information on respondents’ understanding, believing, personalizing, deciding, and intended milling was used to test Emergent Norm Theory, using quantitative and qualitative methods. Relative to shorter messages, longer public warning messages reduced people’s inclination to search for and confirm information, thereby shortening warning response delay. The Emergent Norm Theory used herein is broader in application than the context-specific models provided by leading warning scholars to date and yields deeper understanding about how people respond to warnings.

scholarly journals GPS Technology and Human Psychological Research: A Methodological Proposal

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Pedro S. A. Wolf ◽  
W. Jake Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Gps Technology ◽  
Spatial Use ◽  
Natural Measures

Animal behaviorists have made extensive use of GPS technology since 1991. In contrast, psychological research has made little use of the technology, even though the technology is relatively inexpensive, familiar, and widespread. Hence, its potential for pure and applied psychological research remains untapped. We describe three methods psychologists could apply to individual differences research, clinical research, or spatial use research. In the context of individual differences research, GPS technology permits us to test hypotheses predicting specific relations among patterns of spatial use and individual differences variables. In a clinical context, GPS technology provides outcome measures that may relate to the outcome of interventions designed to treat psychological disorders that, for example, may leave a person homebound (e.g. Agoraphobia, PTSD, TBI). Finally, GPS technology provides natural measures of spatial use. We, for example, used GPS technology to quantify traffic flow and exhibit use at the Arizona Sonora Desert Museum. Interested parties could easily extend this methodology some aspects of urban planning or business usage.  DOI:10.2458/azu_jmmss_v1i1_wolf

scholarly journals Coda: Creativity in psychological research versus in linguistics – Same but different?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selina Weiss ◽  
Oliver Wilhelm
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Latent Semantic Analysis ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
General Process ◽  
Interdisciplinary Work ◽  
Verbal Creativity ◽  
Societal Relevance ◽  
Creativity Research ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Understanding the very nature of creativity is a hot topic in research across various disciplines and has profound societal relevance. In this contribution, we discuss verbal creativity by highlighting its definition, psy-chometric measurement, and relations with other personality dispositions. We relate psychological research with findings from linguistics presented in this issue and depict similarities and differences between both approaches. More specifically, we relate the linguistic terminology of F-creativity to flu-ency and flexibility, whereas we identify E-creativity as akin to originality. We propose latent semantic analysis as a possible approach for evaluating originality and compare this approach with more commonly applied human ratings. Based on contributions in this issue, we discuss creativity as a domain-general process that is (e.g., in applied arts) often driven by the recombination of mental elements. Lastly, we propose several intelligence and personality dispositions as determinants of individual differences in creativity. We conclude that creativity research in linguistic and psycholo-gy has many communalities and interdisciplinary work bears strong prom-ises for the future.

scholarly journals Decision-Making Competence: More Than Intelligence?

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wändi Bruine de Bruin ◽  
Andrew M. Parker ◽  
Baruch Fischhoff
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Crystallized Intelligence ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Development And Validation

Decision-making competence refers to the ability to make better decisions, as defined by decision-making principles posited by models of rational choice. Historically, psychological research on decision-making has examined how well people follow these principles under carefully manipulated experimental conditions. When individual differences received attention, researchers often assumed that individuals with higher fluid intelligence would perform better. Here, we describe the development and validation of individual-differences measures of decision-making competence. Emerging findings suggest that decision-making competence may tap not only into fluid intelligence but also into motivation, emotion regulation, and experience (or crystallized intelligence). Although fluid intelligence tends to decline with age, older adults may be able to maintain decision-making competence by leveraging age-related improvements in these other skills. We discuss implications for interventions and future research.

scholarly journals Psychological Drivers of Individual Differences in Risk Perception: A Systematic Case Study Focusing on 5G

2021 ◽  
pp. 095679762199831
Author(s):  
Renato Frey
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity ◽  
National Expert ◽  
Future Policy

What drives people’s perceptions of novel risks, and how malleable are such risk perceptions? Psychological research has identified multiple potential drivers of risk perception, but no studies have yet tested within a unified analytic framework how well each of these drivers accounts for individual differences in large population samples. To provide such a framework, I harnessed the deployment of 5G—the latest generation of cellular network technology. Specifically, I conducted a multiverse analysis using a representative population sample in Switzerland (Study 1; N = 2,919 individuals between 15 and 94 years old), finding that interindividual differences in risk perceptions were strongly associated with hazard-related drivers (e.g., trust in the institutions regulating 5G, dread) and person-specific drivers (e.g., electromagnetic hypersensitivity)—and strongly predictive of people’s policy-related attitudes (e.g., voting intentions). Further, a field experiment based on a national expert report on 5G ( N = 839 individuals in a longitudinal sample between 17 and 79 years old) identified links between intraindividual changes in psychological drivers and perceived risk, thus highlighting potential targets for future policy interventions.

Self-efficacy of resilience as actor in the process of resilience from a network perspective.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Gimbrere
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
High Response Rate ◽  
Multiple Networks ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Positive Correlations

In this research the function of self efficacy of resilience in the resiliency of individuals is examined using network analysis. Forty-eight participants participated and filled in a questionnaire three times a day for a period of two weeks. Next, a networkanalysis was succesfully performed although big individual differences were found. Individual networks were estimated as well as multi-level networks, made possible by the high response rate. Self efficacy of resilience showed positive correlations with positive emotions and showed negative correlations with negative emotions in multiple networks. These findings indicated self efficacy of resilience as a possible factor of resilience. Also it was concluded that networkanalysis is an analytical method with a high potential in psychological research.

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