Self-efficacy of resilience as actor in the process of resilience from a network perspective.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Gimbrere
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
High Response Rate ◽  
Multiple Networks ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Positive Correlations

In this research the function of self efficacy of resilience in the resiliency of individuals is examined using network analysis. Forty-eight participants participated and filled in a questionnaire three times a day for a period of two weeks. Next, a networkanalysis was succesfully performed although big individual differences were found. Individual networks were estimated as well as multi-level networks, made possible by the high response rate. Self efficacy of resilience showed positive correlations with positive emotions and showed negative correlations with negative emotions in multiple networks. These findings indicated self efficacy of resilience as a possible factor of resilience. Also it was concluded that networkanalysis is an analytical method with a high potential in psychological research.

scholarly journals LA PERSONALIDAD EFICAZ EN EL UNIVERSITARIO Y EL USO DEL BUEN HUMOR

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Juan Carlos Bustamante ◽  
Carlos Salavera ◽  
José Luis Antoñanzas ◽  
Javier Chueca ◽  
José Carrón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
Affective Variables ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The University ◽  
Bienestar Psicologico ◽  
Academic Demands

Abstract:THE EFFICIENT PERSONALITY IN THE UNIVERSITY AND THE USE OF GOOD HUMORIndividual differences in the construct Efficient Personality in undergraduates could determine differences in the proper handling of sociopersonal and socioaffective competencies when faced with academic demands, which may be associated both with differences in psychological wellbeing.Wellbeing is associated with the sense of humor that involves three different affective variables (cheerfulness, seriousness and bad mood). We aimed to determine whether individual differences in Efficient Personality are associated with differences in the disposition for using good humor. For this purpose 39 undergraduates (all the participant were women) completed the Efficient Personality Questionnaire for the university context (CPE -U) and the STCI-30 scale for the assessment of good humor. Bivariate correlation analyses were performed to determine a possible association between Efficient Personality components and the variables that modulate the good humor. The results showed positive correlations between the variable Cheerfulness and the factors Self-esteem, Academic Self-realization and Solving Efficiency, and between the variable Seriousness and the factor Solving Efficiency. Also, negative correlations between the variable Bad Mood and the factors Self-esteem and Solving Efficiency were observed. Therefore, individual differences in Efficient Personality in undergraduates are related with differences for experiencing or showing more positive emotions toward a greater willingness to good humor.Keywords: Efficient Personality, good humor, individual differences, self-efficacy, cheerfulnessResumen:Diferencias individuales en el constructo de Personalidad Eficaz en universitarios podrían evidenciar diferencias en el manejo adecuado de competencias personales y socioafectivas a la hora de enfrentarse a demandas académicas, que pueden asociarse a la vez con diferencias en la experimentación de estados relacionados con bienestar psicológico. Este bienestar se asocia con el sentido del humor que implica tres variables afectivas (alegría, seriedad y mal humor). Nuestro objetivo fue determinar si diferencias individuales en Personalidad Eficaz se asociaba con diferencias a la disposición al buen humor. Para ello 39 mujeres estudiantes universitarias rellenaron el Cuestionario de Personalidad Eficaz para el Contexto Universitario (CPE-U) y la escala para la evaluación del sentido del humor STCI-30. Análisis de correlación bivariada fueron llevados a cabo para determinar una posible asociación entre los componentes de Personalidad Eficaz y las variables que modulan el buen humor. Los resultados mostraron correlaciones positivas entre la variable Alegría y los factores de la Personalidad Eficaz Autoestima, Autorrealización Académica y Autorrealización Resolutiva; y entre la variable Seriedad y Autorrealización Resolutiva. También se observaron correlaciones negativas entre la variable Mal Humor y los factores Autoestima y Autorrealización Resolutiva. Por tanto, diferencias individuales en estudiantes universitarios en factores que constituyen el constructo de Personalidad eficaz se relaciona con diferencias en los mismos a la hora de experimentar o mostrar estados afectivos más positivos acercándose y mostrando una mayor disposición al buen humor.Palabras clave: Personalidad Eficaz, buen humor, diferencias individuales, autoeficacia, alegría

scholarly journals Developing a Single-Item General Self-Efficacy Scale: An Initial Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Di ◽  
Youyan Nie ◽  
Bee Leng Chua ◽  
Stefanie Chye ◽  
Timothy Teo
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Multiple Item ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Item Scale

Abstract Purpose General self-efficacy represents a global sense of personal capability across various situations and tasks. The aims of present study were to develop and validate a single-item general self-efficacy scale which balances the practical demands and psychometric concerns. Methods The psychometric properties of the proposed Single-Item General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE-SI) was examined among 231 Singaporean adults. GSE-SI was selected through experts and four statistical methods. Besides, the reliability, criterion-related, construct-related validity and discriminative power of GSE-SI were examined. Results Three reliability tests demonstrated a good reliability of GSE-SI (.594 .607 and .726, respectively, M = .642), comparing with other single item scales. It also showed a satisfactory criterion-related validity (i.e. correlation with a multiple-item general self-efficacy scale, r = .795). The construct-related validity was supported by the correlations between general self-efficacy and six relevant constructs (i.e. positive correlations with life satisfaction and positive emotions, negative correlations with negative emotions, task and perceived stress and illness symptoms). Importantly, GSE-SI and multiple-item scale showed consistent correlation patterns with relevant constructs. GSE-SI also performed similar discriminations across three respondent clusters divided based on six constructs, in accordance with the multiple-item scale. Conclusions GSE-SI is a reliable and valid measurement of general self-efficacy and could be recommended in future research.

The Bullshitting Frequency Scale: Development and psychometric properties

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Littrell ◽  
Evan F. Risko ◽  
Jonathan Albert Fugelsang
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Misleading Information ◽  
Social Decision ◽  
Frequency Scale ◽  
Dispositional Factors ◽  
Reliable Scale

Recent psychological research has identified important individual differences associated with receptivity to bullshit, which has greatly enhanced our understanding of the processes behind susceptibility to pseudo-profound or otherwise misleading information. However, the bulk of this research attention has focused on cognitive and dispositional factors related to bullshit (the product), while largely overlooking the influences behind bullshitting (the act). Here, we present results from four studies (focusing on the construction and validation of a new, reliable scale measuring the frequency with which individuals engage in two types of bullshitting (persuasive and evasive) in everyday situations. Overall, bullshitting frequency was negatively associated with sincerity, honesty, cognitive ability, open-minded cognition, and self-regard. Additionally, the Bullshitting Frequency Scale was found to reliably measure constructs that are: 1) distinct from lying, and; 2) significantly related to performance on overclaiming and social decision tasks. These results represent an important step forward by demonstrating the utility of the Bullshitting Frequency Scale as well as highlighting certain individual differences that may play important roles in the extent to which individuals engage in everyday bullshitting.

scholarly journals A Network Analysis of the Relationship among Reading, Spelling and Maths Skills

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 656
Author(s):  
Pierluigi Zoccolotti ◽  
Paola Angelelli ◽  
Chiara Valeria Marinelli ◽  
Daniele Luigi Romano
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Learning Skills ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Unselected Group ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Skill learning (e.g., reading, spelling and maths) has been predominantly treated separately in the neuropsychological literature. However, skills (as well as their corresponding deficits), tend to partially overlap. We recently proposed a multi-level model of learning skills (based on the distinction among competence, performance, and acquisition) as a framework to provide a unitary account of these learning skills. In the present study, we examined the performance of an unselected group of third- to fifth-grade children on standard reading, spelling, and maths tasks, and tested the relationships among these skills with a network analysis, i.e., a method particularly suited to analysing relations among different domains. Methods. We administered a battery of reading, spelling, and maths tests to 185 third-, fourth-, and fifth-grade children (103 M, 82 F). Results. The network analysis indicated that the different measures of the same ability (i.e., reading, spelling, and maths) formed separate clusters, in keeping with the idea that they are based on different competences. However, these clusters were also related to each other, so that three nodes were more central in connecting them. In keeping with the multi-level model of learning skills, two of these tests (arithmetic facts subtest and spelling words with ambiguous transcription) relied heavily on the ability to recall specific instances, a factor hypothesised to underlie the co-variation among learning skills. Conclusions. The network analysis indicated both elements of association and of partial independence among learning skills. Interestingly, the study was based on standard clinical instruments, indicating that the multi-level model of learning skills might provide a framework for the clinical analysis of these learning skills.

scholarly journals Unsupervised Multi-Level Feature Extraction for Improvement of Hyperspectral Classification

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1602
Author(s):  
Qiaoqiao Sun ◽  
Xuefeng Liu ◽  
Salah Bourennane
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Hyperspectral Data ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Single Level ◽  
Multiple Networks ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Hyperspectral Classification

Deep learning models have strong abilities in learning features and they have been successfully applied in hyperspectral images (HSIs). However, the training of most deep learning models requires labeled samples and the collection of labeled samples are labor-consuming in HSI. In addition, single-level features from a single layer are usually considered, which may result in the loss of some important information. Using multiple networks to obtain multi-level features is a solution, but at the cost of longer training time and computational complexity. To solve these problems, a novel unsupervised multi-level feature extraction framework that is based on a three dimensional convolutional autoencoder (3D-CAE) is proposed in this paper. The designed 3D-CAE is stacked by fully 3D convolutional layers and 3D deconvolutional layers, which allows for the spectral-spatial information of targets to be mined simultaneously. Besides, the 3D-CAE can be trained in an unsupervised way without involving labeled samples. Moreover, the multi-level features are directly obtained from the encoded layers with different scales and resolutions, which is more efficient than using multiple networks to get them. The effectiveness of the proposed multi-level features is verified on two hyperspectral data sets. The results demonstrate that the proposed method has great promise in unsupervised feature learning and can help us to further improve the hyperspectral classification when compared with single-level features.

scholarly journals Older Adults’ Adherence to Technology-Based Intervention: The Role of Messaging and Individual Differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 555-555
Author(s):  
Walter Boot ◽  
Nelson Roque ◽  
Erin Harrell ◽  
Neil Charness
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Individual Difference ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Message Framing ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Home Technology

Abstract Adherence to health behaviors is often poor, including adherence to at-home technology-based interventions. This study (N=120) explored adherence to a cognitive training intervention delivered via computer tablet, assessed adherence over a 4.5 month period, explored how individual difference factors shaped adherence, and tested the efficacy of message framing manipulations (positive vs. negative framing) in boosting adherence. Individual difference factors predicted adherence, including variations in self-efficacy and belief in the efficacy of cognitive training. Overall message framing had little impact. However, during the final portion of the study in which participants were asked to play as much or as little as they wanted instead of following a schedule, participants who received positively framed messages engaged with the intervention more. Implications for predicting and boosting adherence to home delivered technology-based interventions will be discussed.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Peer Attachment and Aggressive Behavior among Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Effect of Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7123
Author(s):  
Haitao Liu ◽  
Kai Dou ◽  
Chengfu Yu ◽  
Yangang Nie ◽  
Xue Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Peer Attachment ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to test the association between peer attachment and aggressive behavior, as well as the mediating effect of regulatory emotional self-efficacy on this relationship. A total of 1171 (582 male, 589 female) Chinese adolescents completed self-reported questionnaires that assessed peer attachment, regulatory emotional self-efficacy, and aggressive behavior. Path analysis showed that the negative association between peer attachment and adolescent aggressive behavior was mediated by self-efficacy in managing negative emotions. However, the mediating effect of self-efficacy in expressing positive emotions was nonsignificant. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the indirect paths mentioned above between male and female respondents. These findings highlight self-efficacy in managing negative emotions as a potential mechanism linking peer attachment to adolescent aggressive behavior.

scholarly journals The Importance of Positive Events When Living With Chronic Pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 309-309
Author(s):  
Julie Kircher ◽  
Susan Charles ◽  
Nancy Sin ◽  
David Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Positive Events ◽  
Pain Status ◽  
Daily Events ◽  
Multi Level

Abstract Chronic pain is a common condition in later life that is related to high levels of anxiety and depression. One reason why chronic pain is related to affective distress is that this condition may prevent people from deriving the same positive emotions from enjoyable activities. Few studies, however, have examined how exposure and reactivity to daily events differ by chronic pain status. We hypothesized that those with chronic pain will have less exposure and less positive affect reactivity to positive daily events compared to those without chronic pain. Participants from the diary substudy of MIDUS (N = 1,733; nChronicPain = 658, nNoPain = 1,075; M = 56 years-old) completed eight interview days. Chronic pain status was unrelated to the frequency of positive events. Multi-level models revealed that although people with chronic pain had lower levels of daily positive affect, they reacted more positively to daily events (γ = -.033, SE = .010, p < .0001). As a result, levels of daily positive affect on days when people experienced a positive event did not vary by pain status (MChronicPain = 2.73, MNoPain = 2.75). People with chronic pain averaged higher levels of daily negative affect compared to people without chronic pain (MChronicPain = .21, M NoPain =.20), but, on days when they experience a positive event, those with chronic pain had a greater decrease in their negative affect. Findings suggest that positive events impact those with chronic pain more than they do individuals without chronic pain.

scholarly journals Multi-level differential network analysis of COPD exacerbations

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 1700075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Noell ◽  
Borja G. Cosío ◽  
Rosa Faner ◽  
Eduard Monsó ◽  
German Peces-Barba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Differential Network Analysis ◽  
Copd Exacerbations ◽  
Differential Network ◽  
Multi Level
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