Understanding Aggressive Driving: The Role of Personality and Individual Differences

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 972-976
Author(s):  
Enilda M. Velazquez ◽  
Mustapha Mouloua
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Trait Anger ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Aggressive Driving ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Personality Questionnaires ◽  
Driving Outcomes ◽  
Aggressive Driver ◽  
Practical Implications

The goal of the present study was to examine the role of personality and individual differences on aggressive driving. It was hypothesized that personality and individual differences would be significantly related to aggressive driving behavior. A sample of n = 252 participants from a southeastern university and surrounding community were required to complete a series of driving questionnaires; the ADBQ, DBQ, and CFQ-D; and a series of personality questionnaires; the IPIP-NEO-PIR and BFI. Our results indicated that personality factors and individual differences significantly predicted aggressive driving outcomes. These results provided a preliminary personality based characteristic profile of the aggressive driver. These results also support the use of trait anger and trait cooperation independently from the subscales they are derived from (Neuroticism and Agreeableness) to predict aggressive driving behaviors. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Peran Kontrol Diri sebagai Prediktor Perilaku Mengemudi Agresif pada Pengemudi Mobil di Jakarta

MANASA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Patricia Angeline ◽  
Retha Arjadi
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accident ◽  
High Speed ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Aggressive Driving ◽  
Driver Behaviour ◽  
Driving Behaviour ◽  
Practical Implications

Many things can cause traffic accident, including the driver behaviour. Aggressive drivingbehaviour is associated with the risk of traffic accident. Aggressive driving behaviour usuallypredicted by external factors, such as other driver’s attitude or gesture that could trigger anger.However, aggressive driving behaviour could also be shown in a situation where there is no otherdriver, for example when someone drive with a high speed in an empty traffic. This means, internalfactor, associated with the ability of the drivers to control themselves, can also contribute toaggressive driving behaviour. This study aims to investigate the role of self-control in predictingaggressive driving behaviour in car driver, specifically in Jakarta. The result from linearaggression analysis shows that self-control significantly predicted aggressive driving behaviourin car drivers in Jakarta. The coefficient is negative, showing that higher self-control determineslower aggressive driving behaviour, and lower self-control determines higher aggressive drivingbehaviour. Practical implications, limitations of the study, and recommendation for future studyare discussed.

Drivers' Perceptions of Unsafe Driving Behaviors and Their Countermeasures: A Study in Saudi Arabia

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanweer Hasan ◽  
Ishtiaque Ahmed ◽  
Hamid O. Al-Bar
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Red Light ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aggressive Driving ◽  
Road Rage ◽  
Driving Behaviors ◽  
Wide Range

There is an increased public concern about the role of aggressive driving and "road rage" in crashes and traffic fatalities. There is no general agreement as to what constitutes aggressive driving. Consequently, the objective of the study was to survey of the perceptions on the specific unsafe driving acts. Perceptions and beliefs of drivers about unsafe and aggressive driving actions and their countermeasures are presented in this paper. The study primarily looked at the wide range of driver attitudes about speeding and other forms of unsafe driving behavior. The study was conducted in Jeddah, the second largest city of Saudi Arabia by interviewing a sample of 300 drivers. The results indicated that the drivers, in general, prefer to drive at higher speeds and could be considered as more aggressive compared to the drivers in the United States. The most dangerous reported driving act was "drive thru red light", followed by "racing another driver". Only 23% of the drivers thought that it was dangerous to drive over 30 km of the legal speed limits. The most often seen unsafe driving action was "speeding (70%), followed by "driving too closely (57%), "failing to use turn signals (53%), "drive inattentively (50%)", and "running red lights (43%)". The main causes of unsafe driving behaviors were "being in a hurry/time pressure (66%)", "aggressive behavior of others (52%)", and "refusing traffic rules (51%)". The countermeasure that was viewed to be the most effective in reducing unsafe driving behaviors was assigning more traffic police officers (66%). The study revealed that, more than half the drivers believed that more frequent ticketing (60%), doubling or tripling fines (54%), and doubling the length of imprisonment (53%) would be effective in reducing unsafe driving behaviors.

scholarly journals Context-dependent effect of mood: the regulatory role of personality

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Zajusz-Gawędzka ◽  
Magdalena Marszał-Wiśniewska
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Choice Task ◽  
Action Orientation ◽  
Dependent Effect ◽  
Multiattribute Choice ◽  
Personality Questionnaires ◽  
Context Dependent

Abstract This study explored the influence of the context-dependent effect of mood as well as individual differences in neuroticism and action vs. state/volatility orientation on predecisional processing in a multiattribute choice task. One hundred and twenty participants acquired information about choice options after filling out personality questionnaires. Results showed that participants in a positive mood processed the information longer in enjoy than in done-enough context. In turn, participants in a negative mood processed the information more selectively in enjoy than in done-enough context. It also appeared that this effect is reinforced for participants with low neuroticism and volatility orientation, while it is weakened for those with low neuroticism and action orientation. Results were interpreted in accordance with the differential-processual approach.

The Role of Attention in Temporal Integration

Perception ◽  
10.1068/p3089 ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Troy A W Visser ◽  
James T Enns
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Attentional Blink ◽  
Stimulus Intensity ◽  
Visual Masking ◽  
Temporal Integration ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Visual Patterns ◽  
Spatial Localisation ◽  
Practical Implications

When two visual patterns are presented in rapid succession, their contours may be combined into a single unified percept. This temporal integration is known to be influenced by such low-level visual factors as stimulus intensity, contour proximity, and stimulus duration. In this study we asked whether temporal integration is modulated by an attentional-blink procedure. The results from a localisation task in experiment 1 and a detection task in experiment 2 pointed to two separate effects. First, greater attentional availability increased the accuracy of spatial localisation. Second, it increased the duration over which successive stimuli could be integrated. These results imply that theories of visible persistence and visual masking must account for attentional influences in addition to lower-level effects. They also have practical implications for use of the temporal-integration task in the assessment of group and individual differences.

Style and substance in social desirability scales

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menucha Birenbaum ◽  
Itzhak Montag
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Personality Factor ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Social Desirability Bias ◽  
Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Personality Questionnaires ◽  
Occupational Selection

The purpose of the present study was to examine the nature of a social desirability measure under two different types of instructions for filling out personality questionnaires in an occupational selection setting. 1230 male applicants for public vehicle driving licences were administered Cattett's 16PF and the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. One was given standard instructions for filling out these questionnaires; the second was given special instructions designed to reduce social desirability response bias. Social desirability was indexed by the Lie scale of the EPQ. Based on Eysenck's theorizing concerning the meaning of the Lie scale, the following hypothesis was tested: the factorial location of the Lie scale in the personality domain will differ under the two forms of instructions. It should appear separately from other personality factors under the standard instructions, whereas under the special instructions it should be subsumed under the personality factor which measures conformity. The results supported this hypothesis. The discussion focuses on the meaning of the Lie scale under conditions that elicit social desirability bias and on the role of special instructions in reducing this bias.

scholarly journals Knowledge Workers Mobility in Innovative Organizations: The Role of Individual Differences

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ibrahim Fallatah
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Knowledge Workers ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
Practical Implications

The paper extends previous research on knowledge workers mobility by proposing that knowledge workers in innovative organizations have lower rates of mobility than those in other organizations. Further, I suggest that the extent to which knowledge workers in innovative organizations remain at their jobs depends on the personality of each worker. Drawing from the Big-Five model, I argue that knowledge workers who score high on extroversion and openness to experience are less likely to leave innovative organizations, whereas those who score high in agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism are more likely to leave such organizations. The paper offers some practical implications as well as some ideas for future research.

Temperamental Differences and Classroom Incivility: Exploring the Role of Individual Differences

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Spadafora ◽  
Ann H. Farrell ◽  
Daniel A. Provenzano ◽  
Zopito A. Marini ◽  
Anthony A. Volk
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Effortful Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Sports Teams ◽  
Multiple Regressions ◽  
Temperament Traits ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Classroom Incivility

Incivility involves rude, discourteous, and disrespectful attitudes and behaviours. The present study examined how various temperament traits were related to beliefs of classroom incivility among adolescents. The sample comprised of 222 adolescents (120 boys) between the ages of 12 and 17 ( Mage = 14.07, SD = 1.54) who were recruited from various extracurricular clubs and sports teams in Southern Ontario. Both intentional and unintentional incivility were examined through separate hierarchical multiple regressions. Lower Effortful Control and lower Frustration significantly predicted unintentional incivility. In addition, lower Affiliation and lower Effortful Control significantly predicted intentional incivility. The results are discussed highlighting practical implications in educational settings, as well as suggestions for future research on incivility, given its potential associations with more negative antisocial behaviours. The results suggest that although there may be shared temperament traits of adolescents who take part in classroom incivility, a disposition for specific subtypes may differ based on the specific temperament characteristics of adolescents.

The role of Confucianism in the formation of psychological contracts: Evidence from China

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1499-1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Insu Kwon ◽  
Juil Lee ◽  
Ranran Wang ◽  
Sang-Joon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Contracts ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Chinese Context ◽  
Asian Context ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

We investigated the role of cultural factors in the formation of psychological contracts in a Chinese context, on the basis that psychological contracts are different in different cultures. In particular, we considered Confucianism, which can govern the formation of psychological contracts in an Asian context. As people with different personalities make different psychological contracts, we hypothesized that the Asian-specific factor of Confucianism would moderate the relationship between 3 personality factors, namely, neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness, and the formation of psychological contracts. Thus, we surveyed 217 people employed in organizations in China, and found a moderating effect of Confucianism on the relationship between conscientiousness and relational psychological contracts. These findings suggest that when Confucianism is internalized, the Chinese workplace environment can be effectively managed by relational psychological contracts. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Decision Making, Morality, and Machiavellianism: The Role of Dispositional Traits in Gist Extraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Carre ◽  
Daniel N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Theoretical Argument ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Concern For Others ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
New Framework

Fuzzy Trace Theory (FTT) is a promising new framework for evaluating decision making processes related to risk. In brief, FTT argues that individuals use either a mature and meaningful process (i.e., “gist”) or a cold and numbers-based process (i.e., “verbatim”) when making a decision based on information. However, the fundamental meaning that one may extract from a set of information may depend entirely on the motivations, values, and personality of the individual. We argue that in the case of Machiavellianism, individuals may be using gist-based processes, much like others, but arrive at vastly different conclusions with respect to the best course of action. This assertion is based on the fact that Machiavellian individuals lack the fundamental morality and empathy necessary to have concern for others when making decisions. Thus, we outline a theoretical argument as to when gist based extraction may be altered by individual differences. We further discuss the practical implications that individual differences have for decision making through the lens of FTT.

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