Should I Stay or Should I Go? A Bioethical Analysis of Healthcare Professionals' and Healthcare Institutions' Moral Obligations During Active Shooter Incidents in Hospitals — A Narrative Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Al Giwa ◽  
Andrew Milsten ◽  
Dorice Vieira ◽  
Chinwe Ogedegbe ◽  
Kristen Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Active Shooter ◽  
Common Occurrence ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Active Shooters ◽  
The World

Active shooter incidents (ASI) have unfortunately become a common occurrence the world over. There is no country, city, or venue that is safe from these tragedies, and healthcare institutions are no exception. Healthcare facilities have been the targets of active shooters over the last several decades, with increasing incidents occurring over the last decade. People who work in healthcare have a professional and moral obligation to help patients. As concerns about the possibility of such incidents increase, how should healthcare institutions and healthcare professionals understand their responsibilities in preparation for and during ASI?

scholarly journals ROADMAP TO RESTARTING ELECTIVE SURGERIES POST COVID 19 PANDEMIC - AN ANESTHETISTS PERSPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Chaula Doshi ◽  
Priyanka Jagavkar
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infection ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Plateau Phase ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
The World ◽  
Close Contacts

Corona Virus Disease (COVID 19) is a respiratory infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 or COVID 19 virus which struck the world in November 2019 rapidly spreading and attaining the form of a pandemic by March 2020.The disease was officially named as Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) by WHO on February 11, 2020.Spread is predominantly through respiratory droplet and close contacts with infected individuals. Airborne transmission is possible during aerosol generating medical procedures as the virus is abundantly present in nasopharyngeal, salivary secretions and body fluids of affected patients. During the pre-peaking, peak and plateau phase of the epidemic, non-emergency surgeries and invasive procedures took a backseat as all resources of healthcare providers were put to combat the disease. As the pandemic fades away the need of adapting the healthcare facilities and restarting elective surgeries has to be addressed. In this article we try to highlight the various challenges faced by the surgeons, anesthetists and healthcare professionals to restart elective surgical work. The strategies to overcome these hurdles are also discussed.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Childhood Obesity in Portugal: A Narrative Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Fátima Frade ◽  
Dora Carteiro ◽  
Fátima Pereira ◽  
Joana Marques ◽  
João Frade
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Pediatric Obesity ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
The World ◽  
Ebsco Host

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The number of childhood obesity cases has been increasing in several countries around the world. In view of all the associated complications at an early stage of child development, it becomes urgent to understand this problem in depth. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of this work was to describe the prevalence of childhood obesity in Portugal and analyze the trend of its evolution in recent years. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> This is a narrative review of the literature in the databases on the following platforms: Academic Google, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), EBSCO Host, and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS). The keywords used were: Prevalence, Pediatric Obesity, Child Overweight, and Portugal. <b><i>Results and Discussion:</i></b> Data on the prevalence of childhood obesity in Portugal are presented, describing the results of studies conducted at national and district level, in the different age groups and by sex. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The data reveal that the prevalence of overweight in Portugal ranges between 20 and 40%, and of obesity between 10 and 15%, which reinforces the urgent need for monitoring and implementing preventive measures.

scholarly journals Challenges Faced by Healthcare Professionals during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Pratibha Wankhede ◽  
Mayur Wanjari ◽  
Sampada Late ◽  
Hina Rodge
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
Private Healthcare ◽  
Ventilatory Assistance ◽  
The World ◽  
Pandemic Response

Introduction: On March 11, 2020, the WHO formally declared the new coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreaks a pandemic by publishing public health guidelines to guide pandemic response. Serious illnesses may necessitate hospitalization and ventilatory assistance. The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed new concerns for healthcare workers around the world. However, in many developing nations, including India, information is scarce concerning these issues. Healthcare facilities are one-of-a-kind and difficult to understand. The Indian healthcare system consists of both governmental and private healthcare facilities. Healthcare practitioners face a variety of obstacles daily. The unexpected appearance of COVID-19 created a new threat to an already overburdened healthcare system. The pandemic altered the healthcare dilemma by introducing new employment and societal obstacles to healthcare workers. The goal of this review research is to uncover the causes of the workplace and societal issues that healthcare workers encounter.

Philosophical issues of artificial intelligence and “smart” algorithms’ trust in medicine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
TS Georgiou
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Disease Prevention ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Moral Obligations ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
The Past ◽  
Digital Medicine ◽  
The World

In this article, the author examines the philosophical issues associated with the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) systems in medicine. Currently, the use of AI technologies in the field of medical sciences is one of the most important trends in the world of health. ‘Smart’ AI systems are able to learn from their own experience, adapt in the environment and, according to the parameters of the assigned tasks, can make decisions that in the past belonged only to humans. These AI technologies provide an opportunity to take diagnostics, treatment and disease prevention to a higher level. Particular attention is paid to the ethics and moral obligations of AI developers and healthcare professionals in the transition to such digital medicine.

The Accessory Soleus Muscle: A Narrative Review of the Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-246
Author(s):  
Aggeliki Bistaraki ◽  
Maria Zarokosta ◽  
Theodoros Mariolis Sapsakos ◽  
George Skarpas ◽  
Georgios Nousios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soleus Muscle ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature

Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma: narrative review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 154 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vieri Grandi ◽  
Silvia Alberti Violetti ◽  
Roberta La Selva ◽  
Stefano Cicchelli ◽  
Chiara Delfino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Cutaneous B Cell Lymphoma

Recomendações de equipamentos de proteção individual no combate ao COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (31) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Nicole Maria Miyamoto Bettini ◽  
Fabiana Tomé Ramos ◽  
Priscila Masquetto Vieira de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Personal Protective Equipment ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
World Health ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

A Organização Mundial da Saúde - OMS confirmou a circulação internacional do novo Coronavírus em janeiro de 2020, nomeando-o como COVID-19 e, declarando uma pandemia. É de extrema importância que durante a pandemia, os profissionais de saúde tenham acesso e conhecimento sobre o uso correto dos Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPIs) e suas indicações, tomando assim, as devidas precauções na prevenção de infecções. O presente estudo buscou identificar a padronização mundial quanto ao uso dos EPIs utilizados no atendimento a pacientes suspeitos e/ou confirmados de COVID-19 no Brasil, EUA, China, Espanha, Itália e demais países europeus. Os guidelines apresentam a padronização quanto ao uso dos EPIs utilizados no atendimento a suspeitos e/ou confirmados de COVID-19, indo ao encontro das recomendações fornecidas pela OMS. Até o momento, o uso de EPIs é sem dúvida a estratégia mais importante e eficaz para proteger os profissionais de saúde durante a assistência ao paciente com COVID-19.Descritores: Infecções por Coronavírus, Equipamento de Proteção Individual, Pessoal de Saúde, Enfermagem. Recommendations for personal protective equipment to combat COVID-19Abstract: The World Health Organization - WHO confirmed the international circulation of the new Coronavirus in January 2020, naming it as COVID-19 and declaring a pandemic. It is extremely important that during the pandemic, health professionals have access and knowledge about the correct use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and its indications, thus taking appropriate precautions to prevent infections. The present study sought to identify the worldwide standardization regarding the use of PPE utilized to take care of suspected and confirmed patients with COVID-19 in Brazil, USA, China, Spain, Italy and other European countries. The guidelines present a standardization regarding the use of PPE utilized to take care of suspected and confirmed with COVID-19, in line with the recommendations provided by WHO. To date, the use of PPE is undoubtedly the most important and effective strategy to protect healthcare professionals during care for patients with COVID-19.Descriptors: Coronavirus Infections, Personal Protective Equipment, Health Personnel, Nursing. Recomendaciones para el equipo de protección personal para combatir COVID-19Resumen: La Organización Mundial de la Salud - La OMS confirmó la circulación internacional del nuevo Coronavirus en enero de 2020, nombrándolo COVID-19 y declarando una pandemia. Es extremadamente importante que durante la pandemia, los profesionales de la salud tengan acceso y conocimiento sobre el uso correcto del Equipo de Protección Personal (EPP) y sus indicaciones, tomando así las precauciones adecuadas para prevenir infecciones. El presente estudio buscó identificar la estandarización mundial con respecto al uso de EPP utilizado para atender a pacientes sospechosos y/o confirmados con COVID-19 en Brasil, Estados Unidos, China, España, Italia y otros países europeos. Las pautas presentan la estandarización con respecto al uso de EPP utilizado para cuidar COVID-19 sospechoso y/o confirmado, de acuerdo con las recomendaciones proporcionadas por la OMS. Hasta la fecha, el uso de EPP es, sin duda, la estrategia más importante y efectiva para proteger a los profesionales de la salud durante la atención de pacientes con COVID-19.Descriptores: Infecciones por Coronavirus, Equipo de Protección Personal, Personal de Salud, Enfermería.

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