The Metacognitions Questionnaire–30: An Examination of a Bifactor Model and Measurement Invariance Among Men and Women in a Community Sample

Assessment ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Fergus ◽  
Joseph R. Bardeen
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bifactor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The Metacognitions Questionnaire–30 (MCQ-30) is a self-report measure that assesses metacognitive beliefs (i.e., beliefs about thinking). Prior research has supported a correlated five-factor model, but no known published study has examined the tenability of second-order or bifactor models of the MCQ-30. Results supported a bifactor model of the MCQ-30 in a sample of community adults from the United States ( N = 785), as well as separately among men ( n = 372) and women ( n = 413). Multiple-groups confirmatory factor analysis supported the configural and metric/scalar invariance of the bifactor model among men and women. Results further supported the incremental validity of one of the MCQ-30 domain-specific factors in accounting for unique variance in an index of health anxiety beyond the general metacognition factor. Results provide support for a bifactor conceptualization of the MCQ-30 and the invariance of that model across men and women.

Multidimensional Inventory of Hypochondriacal Traits: An Examination of a Bifactor Model and Measurement Invariance Between Those With and Without a Self-Reported Medical Condition

Assessment ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Bardeen ◽  
Thomas A. Fergus
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Bifactor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Current Health Status ◽  
Medical Status ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Bifactor Modeling ◽  
Report Measure

The Multidimensional Inventory of Hypochondriacal Traits (MIHT) is a self-report measure that assesses four interrelated domains of health anxiety (i.e., Cognitive, Behavioral, Perceptual, Affective). Prior research has supported a correlated four-factor model, as well as a hierarchical model, in which each of the four factors load onto the higher order health anxiety construct. However, a bifactor modeling approach has yet to be used to examine the factor structure of the MIHT. Results supported a bifactor model of the MIHT in three different samples (i.e., unselected based on current medical status [ n = 824], and those with [ n = 348] and without [ n = 354] a self-reported medical condition). The MIHT appears to be strongly multidimensional, with three of the four subscales providing substantive value. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the configural and metric/scalar invariance of the bifactor model between those with and without a self-reported medical condition. Results provide support for a bifactor conceptualization of the MIHT and the invariance of that model across levels of current health status.

Discrepancies in Self- and Informant-Reports of Personality Pathology: Examining the DSM-5 Section III Trait Model

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Carnovale ◽  
Erika Carlson ◽  
Lena C. Quilty ◽  
Michael Bagby
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Potential Approach ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Severity Scores

A proposed feature of personality pathology involves disturbances in identity, of which a lack of insight is one such manifestation. From recommendations in the literature, one potential approach to assess and quantify such impairment and link it to personality pathology, would be to obtain self- and informant reports and subsequently index the degree personality pathology severity exacerbates self-other discrepancies. The current study examines the degree to which self- and informant-reports of DSM-5 Section III trait scores are discrepant (i.e., mean-level discrepancies and correlational accuracy), as well as whether general personality pathology severity moderates these characteristics. Target participants (N = 208) in an elevated-risk community sample completed the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), and knowledgeable informants rated targets using the informant version of the PID-5. General personality pathology severity was assessed via an aggregate of Five Factor Model PD prototype scores derived from self-report, informant-report, and interview ratings. Mean-level discrepancies and correlational accuracy (and their moderation by general personality pathology) for PID-5 domains, facets, and PD scores were subsequently examined. Results suggested that targets tended to mostly rate themselves only slightly lower than informants across all PID-5 scores (median dz = .21), and correlational accuracy across all PID-5 scores was moderate (median r = .33). Importantly, however, mean-level discrepancies increased as general personality pathology severity scores increased. Implications and future directions for the multi-method assessment of dimensional personality pathology are discussed.

Psychometric Properties of the CTS2-Argentinean Version

Partner Abuse ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-97
Author(s):  
Antonella Bobbio ◽  
Karin Arbach ◽  
Thuy Nguyen Vo
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Psychological Aggression ◽  
Physical Assault ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Conflict Tactics

The Conflict Tactics Scale 2 (CTS2) is one of the most widely used measures for assessing violence between intimate partners. Many studies exploring its psychometric properties show factor structures that vary according to samples, analysis, or scale forms employed. This work aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the CTS2 in 819 undergraduates in Argentina. Some items had to be excluded from the analysis because of their null prevalence in this sample. Confirmatory factor analysis of the original five-factor model for perpetrated and suffered violence CTS2 forms indicated a good fit to the data in both men and women. Internal consistency was good for all subscales except for the perpetrated and suffered sexual coercion and perpetrated injuries subscales. The highest inter-factor correlations were found between the psychological aggression and physical assault subscales in the perpetration models, and between the physical assault and injuries subscales in the victimization models. Practical and theoretical implications of the results are discussed, and future lines of research are proposed.

Spanish Adaptation and Validation of the 34-Item Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (SRP)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Gómez-Leal ◽  
Alberto Megías-Robles ◽  
María José Gutiérrez-Cobo ◽  
Rosario Cabello ◽  
Enrique G. Fernández-Abascal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Adequate Measurement

The recent conceptualization of psychopathy as a dimensional construct has given rise to the need for validated instruments for use in nonclinical populations. The Self-Report Psychopathy Scale (SRP-III) is a questionnaire widely used to evaluate psychopathic traits in clinical and nonclinical samples in the English-speaking population. Using a community sample, the authors aimed to adapt and validate, to the Spanish language, the SRP-III based on the English short-form version by Mahmut, Menictas, Stevenson, and Homewood (2011). The SRP-III was administered to 1,938 participants. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the four-factor model satisfactorily fits the data. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were adequate for the total score and its four facets. The SRP-III also showed good construct validity as measured through its relationship with personality, depression, empathy, machiavellianism, and narcissism. These results suggest that the Spanish version of the 34-item SRP-III is an adequate measurement of psychopathic traits.

scholarly journals Personality Change: Longitudinal Self-Other Agreement and Convergence With Retrospective-Reports

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua R. Oltmanns ◽  
Joshua James Jackson ◽  
Thomas Oltmanns
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Research Assessment ◽  
Retrospective Reports

The research literature on personality development is based mostly on self-report studies and on samples in younger adulthood. The present multi-method study examines self–other agreement on longitudinal personality change and convergence between self- and informant-reports of longitudinal and retrospective personality change in older adulthood. It provides a rare validation test of longitudinal measurements of personality change. A representative community sample of 1,630 older adults (M age = 62.5) and their informants completed self- and informant-personality assessments across three waves that were on average 6.5 years apart. Self- and informant-reports of retrospective personality change were collected at the third wave. Latent growth modeling was used to examine longitudinal personality change, longitudinal self–other agreement on personality change, and convergence between longitudinal and retrospective personality change in each five-factor model domain. Older adults in the present study reported less change than has been found in younger samples; however, both self- and informant-reports indicated declines in extraversion. Results showed strong self–other agreement on longitudinal personality change in all five-factor model domains, moderate correspondence between longitudinal and retrospective-reports of change within-method (i.e., within self- or informant-report), modest self–other agreement on retrospective-reports, and little association between longitudinal and retrospective change across-method (i.e., between self- and informant-reports). Findings provide validation evidence for both longitudinal and retrospective assessments of personality change, indicate that informants provide unique perspectives on personality change, and could have potentially important implications for research, assessment, and clinical settings.

Measurement of Higher-Order Family Dimensions across Self-Report and Behavioral Observational Methods

2007 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 661-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Windle ◽  
Theodore Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Behavioral Observation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Family Control ◽  
Intact Families ◽  
Shared Activity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Two Factors

This study used a community sample of 192 intact families to examine two issues related to conceptualization and measurement of family functioning. First, a confirmatory factor model supported the adequacy of using dyadic-level self-report measures (e.g., mother-child, child-father) to identify three family level constructs of Family Affect, Family Control, and Family Shared Activity. Second, data derived from behavioral observations during dyadic interactions identified two factors, Family Positivity and Family Negativity. Correlations among the self-report and behavioral observation factors indicated high Family Positivity was significantly associated with higher Family Affect and lower Family Control, and Family Negativity was significantly associated with lower Family Affect and with lower Family Shared Activity. Findings are discussed in terms of limitations and directions for research.

Validity of the Five-Factor Model for the Implicit Self-Concept of Personality

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan C. Schmukle ◽  
Mitja D. Back ◽  
Boris Egloff
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Implicit Personality ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

The authors adapted the Implicit Association Test (IAT) in order to assess the implicit self-concept of personality. In two studies (N = 106 and N = 92), confirmatory factor analyses validated the five-factor model for the implicit personality self-concept. Internal consistencies of the IAT proved satisfactory for all Big Five personality dimensions. Correlations between the personality IAT and different self-report measures of personality were generally small, and significant only for Extraversion and Conscientiousness. Patterns of means and factor intercorrelations were, however, highly similar for implicit and explicit personality measures.

"They Are Such an Asshole": Describing the Targets of a Common Insult Among English-Speakers in the United States

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brinkley M. Sharpe ◽  
Courtland Hyatt ◽  
Donald Lynam ◽  
Josh Miller
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Narcissistic Personality ◽  
Study Participants

Insults convey information about the speaker’s perception of the target’s personality. Previous research has found that several commonly used insults (“asshole,” “dick,” “bitch”) are uniformly associated with self- and other-reported antagonism (or low Agreeableness). We aimed to replicate and extend these findings by focusing on the insult “asshole,” a common insult used to refer to both men and women. In the present study, participants (n = 397) described the “biggest assholes” in their lives using a measure of the Five-Factor Model of personality. “Assholes” described by participants were typically middle-aged, predominantly male, and included romantic partners, coworkers, bosses, family members, and friends. Results showed that “assholes” were perceived to be characterized by interpersonally relevant traits (i.e., low Agreeableness, high Anger). The consensus Five Factor Model profile for target “assholes” was similar to expert profiles of psychopathic, antisocial, and narcissistic personality disorders. Exploratory analyses conducted on open-ended descriptions of nominated bothersome “asshole-related” behaviors revealed common themes including manipulation, aggression, irresponsibility, and entitlement.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Reynolds Child Depression Scale in Community and Clinical Samples

2008 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 641-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Figueras Masip ◽  
Juan Antonio Amador Campos ◽  
Joan Guàrdia Olmos
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Child Depression ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The factor structure of the Reynolds Child Depression Scale (RCDS; Reynolds, 1989), analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis and the scale's psychometric characteristics in a sample of 315 participants (140 boys and 175 girls) and a clinical sample of 62 participants (37 boys and 25 girls) between 10 and 12 years old, are presented. Two models are tested with confirmatory factor analysis: a one-factor model and a five-factor model. Both models show a good fit, but the one-factor model was chosen because it is the most parsimonious. The reliability coefficient ranged from .87 (at test) to .89 (at retest) in the community sample, and was .90 in the clinical sample (at test). Test-retest reliability was .66 in the community sample. Concurrent validity with other self-reports that measure depressive symptomatology was high, both in the community sample (.76) and the clinical sample (.71). There were no significant sex differences but there were differences due to age (school grade).

scholarly journals Nurse anesthesia student’s personality characteristics and academic performance: A big five personality model perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Frederick Scott Imus
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Nurse Anesthesia ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Attrition Rates ◽  
Grade Point

Purpose: The purpose of this correlational research was to assess the association between the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality traits and the grade point average (GPA) of students enrolled in a nurse anesthesia program (NAP). This research was conducted to identify a more objective way to evaluate a prospective students’ personality that correlates with academic success in a NAP.Methods: The Program Directors of students enrolled in NAPs throughout the United States were randomly contacted to assist with the data collection. The FFM of personality traits inventory and question requesting the student to self-report their GPA were then forwarded to the student.Results: Upon completion, the data was analyzed using SPSS 22.0. The results demonstrated a significant correlation, indicating that the dimensions of personality were significantly related to GPA. The dimensions of personality accounted for 12% of the variance in GPA. An examination of individual regression coefficients revealed that the personality trait, conscientiousness, was significantly and positively related to GPA.Conclusions: Nurse anesthesia admission committees can use this personality inventory to better guide them in selecting candidates for their program. Used in conjunction with the more traditional admissions criteria; NAPs can be better positioned to select students more objectively that will be successful in their program, hence leading to lower attrition rates.

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