scholarly journals Residents’ Perceptions of a Community-Led Intervention on Health, Well-Being, and Community Inclusion Through Photovoice

2021 ◽  
pp. 109019812110097
Author(s):  
Clare Jackson ◽  
Sara Ronzi
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Inclusion ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

Community-centered approaches can be effective ways to engage communities and improve their health and well-being. The Grange is a community-led, multifaceted, and dynamic intervention incorporating a community hub and garden, that took place in a small area of the North-West of England, characterized by high levels of deprivation and poor health. Activities have been defined, developed, and supported by residents to meet locally defined needs. This study used photovoice methods to explore residents’ perceptions and experiences of this community-led intervention and any perceived impact on health, well-being, and community inclusion. Through photographs, semistructured interviews, a focus group discussion, and an exhibition, this study engaged intensively and creatively with a group of six residents. They identified positive and negative aspects related to The Grange and suggested recommendations that were directly communicated to policy makers during the photo-exhibition event. Participants reflected on various activities such as the community garden and the community shop. They also reflected on contextual factors and suggested that the culture of inclusivity and friendships associated with The Grange were more important to them than specific activities. This study demonstrated the value of using photovoice to (a) explore residents’ perceptions of community led interventions; and (b) meaningfully engage residents living in areas with high levels of deprivation. Public health practitioners should consider the use of photovoice (a) in the evaluation of health interventions that take place in a complex and changing context, and (b) as a powerful tool to engage with members of the community, especially traditionally disadvantaged groups, to ensure that engagement about health, well-being, and social inclusion is meaningful.

scholarly journals Rewards: A predictor of well-being and service quality of school principals in the North-West province

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamohelo Nthebe ◽  
Nicolene Barkhuizen ◽  
Nico Schutte
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Total Rewards ◽  
North West Province

Orientation: School principals have an important role to play in the quality of service delivery in schools. Evidence suggests that school principals are generally poorly compensated, which has an adverse impact on their well-being and subsequent service quality orientation.Research purpose: This study investigated whether rewards are a predictor of well-being and service orientation of school principals in the North-West province.Motivation for the study: Effective school principals are fundamental to the success of any school, which necessitates the establishment of an effective reward and remuneration system.Research design, approach and method: Quantitative research was carried out among school principals (N = 155) in four districts of the North-West province. The Total Rewards Scale, Maslach’s Burnout Inventory – General Survey, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and the SERVQUAL measure were administered among the principals.Main findings: The results showed that rewards are a significant predictor of the well-being and service quality of school principals. The results further showed that burnout significantly reduces the service quality of school principals. No significant relationships were found between work engagement and the service quality of school principals.Practical/managerial implications: An effective total rewards system enhances the well-being of school principals and, subsequently, their willingness and commitment to delivering quality services.Contribution: The results of this study point out some key elements that need to be considered by the Department of Education to enable quality service delivery in South African schools.

Active Commuting to School Among 36, 781 Spanish Children and Adolescents: A Temporal Trend Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Gálvez-Fernández ◽  
Manuel Herrador-Colmenero ◽  
Irene Esteban-Cornejo ◽  
José Castro-Piñero ◽  
Javier Molina-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Active Commuting ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Active Commuting To School ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

Abstract Background Active commuting to school (ACS) is an important source to increase the total daily physical activity in youth and improve their health. How the ACS rates change along the time is of interest. The objective of this study was to examine trends in the rates of ACS in a large sample of Spanish children and adolescents aged 6–18 years from 2010 to 2017. The study period included the economic crisis in Spain (2008 to 2013) and secondary analysis was conducted to compare ACS rates during and after the economic crisis. Methods To investigate trends in ACS among Spanish children and adolescents, data were obtained from 28 studies conducted across Spain. The study sample comprised 18,343 children (6 to 11.9 years old; 50.5% girls) and 18,438 adolescents (12 to 18 years old; 49.5% girls). The overall trends in ACS were evaluated using multilevel logistic regression analysis. Results The rates of ACS in Spanish children and adolescents did not change significantly during the 2010–2017 period, except a sporadic increase in the rate of ACS in adolescents in 2012–2013. No significant association between the ACS and the economic crisis time period in either children or adolescents were found. These findings are in contrast to recently reported declines in ACS rates in other countries. Conclusions Strong partnerships between researchers, public health practitioners, policy-makers and communities, as well as long-term commitment and evaluations of interventions aiming to increase ACS are necessary to ensure positive results in the long term.

scholarly journals Perceptions of psychosocial disability amongst psychiatric service users and caregivers in South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carrie Brooke-Sumner ◽  
Crick Lund ◽  
Inge Petersen
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Psychosocial Rehabilitation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Service Users ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Adherence Support ◽  
Psychosocial Disability

Background: In many parts of South Africa there is little support for people with psychosocial disability caused by schizophrenia, beyond provision of psychotropic medications. Appropriate community-based psychosocial rehabilitation interventions are a crucial element of mental health service development.Objectives: This study aimed to use an explanatory model of illness framework to document experiences of illness, disability and recovery amongst service users with schizophrenia and their caregivers in a poorly resourced area in the North West Province. Data were used to provide recommendations for a contextually appropriate non-specialist facilitated group psychosocial rehabilitation intervention.Method: Eighteen in-depth individual interviews were conducted: nine with schizophrenia service users and nine with caregivers. Interviews were conducted by two trained field researchers; both clinical psychologists fluent in the first language of participants. All interviews were recorded, translated and transcribed. Data were thematically analysed using NVivo 9.Results: Participants linked the illness to witchcraft, poverty and stress. Family conflict was recognised in the course of the illness, causing stress and challenges for emotional well-being. Knowledge of diagnosis and biomedical treatment was minimal. Key factors recognised by service users as promoting recovery were the ability to work, and the support of traditional healers and religious structures.Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, a group psychosocial rehabilitation intervention emerged as a recommendation, with the incorporation of psycho-education, adherence support, coping skills, and opportunities for income generation and productive activity. The importance of also enlisting the support of religious leaders and traditional healers in supporting recovery is emphasised.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the #FeesMustFall Agenda and Its Implications for the Survival of Education in South Africa: The NWU Mafikeng Campus Writing Centre Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
UP Ejoke ◽  
PC Enwereji ◽  
JE Chukwuere
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Student Movements ◽  
University Environment ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
The University

The #FeesMustFall-protests were symbolic of unguided social dynamics as stakeholders directly or in directly (indirectly) scramble for escape due to the financial implications that fees increment would engender. South African government is aware of the importance of education in any growing economy as this was demonstrated in the agenda of the post-1994 government in prioritising primary and secondary education, even though the quality of education remained decidedly poor. However, same cannot be said for tertiary Universities in South Africa, the low priority granted to higher education over the past two decades had always been a bone of contention. This paper therefore attempts to interrogate various explanations for fees must fall movement and how this impact on the writing centre at the North-West University, Mafikeng Campus. In contextualizing this problem, the paper employed key elements of Altbach’s empirical theory of student movements. Using Focus Group discussion and by means of Atlas-ti statistical package, the paper demonstrated the richness of data available for analysis and reflects on correlated methodological challenges when attempting to understand student movements and the dynamic relationship between the University environment as well as the country-wide movement, the territorial space and that of writing centre experience during and after the protest. The paper concludes by reflecting and suggesting on elements of a possible research agenda on balancing education and economy.

scholarly journals Prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight in Grade 1-learners: The NW-CHILD Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gizelle Kruger ◽  
Anita E. Pienaar ◽  
Dané Coetzee ◽  
Salomé H. Kruger
Keyword(s):  
Reference Sample ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
North West ◽  
Child Undernutrition ◽  
The North ◽  
Child Study ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Black Learners

Background: Child undernutrition remains a major public health concern in developing countries, with many negative consequences to child development.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight amongst Grade 1-learners in the North West Province (NWP) of South Africa (SA), taking into account gender, race and school type.Method: Eight hundred and sixteen (419 boys, 397 girls) learners participated in the study (567 black, 218 white, 31 other races). Underweight, stunting and wasting (Weight-for-age, height-for-age, BMI-for-age) were determined using the z-scores of the 2007 WHO reference sample (-2 SD).Results: A higher prevalence of wasting and underweight were found amongst the boys (8.35%; 5.97%) compared with the girls (6.30%; 2.52%), although this was only significant for underweight (p = 0.02), whilst stunting percentages were very similar amongst girls (4.53%) and boys (4.06%). Underweight was the highest in the black group (5.47%; p < 0.01), compared with the white group (0.46%) and the prevalence of the conditions is associated with school types which represent low socio-economic circumstances (Quintile 1–3 schools). Only black learners showed stunting (p < 0.01) and more black learners were wasted (n = 39) compared with white (n = 15; p = 0.08) learners. Quintile 1–3 schools had a significantly higher prevalence of underweight (5.14% – 8.18%) and stunting (3.88% – 10.7%) (p < 0.01) compared with Quintile 4 and 5 schools.Conclusion: The prevalence of stunting, wasting and underweight need improvement amongst school beginners, especially in Quintile 1–3 type schools but also amongst black learners living in the NWP of SA as it can have significant hampering effects on the future development and well-being of children.Agtergrond: Ondervoeding is steeds ‘n publieke gesondheidsgevaar by kinders in ontwikklende lande, met heelwat negatiewe gevolge vir kinderontwikkeling. Doel: Om te bepaal wat die voorkoms van groei-inperking, ondervoeding en ondergewig by Graad 1-leerders in die Noordwes-Provinsie (NWP) van Suid-Afrika (SA) is, met in ag neming van geslag, ras en skooltipe.Metode: Agt honderd en sestien leerders (419 seuns; 397 meisies) is ewekansig geselekteer vir deelname aan die studie (567 swart, 218 wit, 31 ander rasgroepe). Ondergewig, groei-inperking en ondervoeding is bepaal deur z-tellings vir massa-vir-ouderdom, lengte-vir-ouderdom en LMI-vir-ouderdom volgens die 2007 WHO verwysings (-2 SA).Resultate: ‘n Hoër voorkoms vir ondervoeding en ondergewig is by seuns (8.35%; 5.97%) teenoor meisies (6.30%; 2.52%) gevind, alhoewel slegs betekenisvol vir ondergewig (p = 0.02), terrwyl persentasies van groei-inperking redelik dieselfde was by meisies (4.53%) en seuns (4.06%). Ondergewig het die hoogste voorkoms in die swart groep (5.47%; p < 0.01) getoon, en die voorkoms word geassosieer met skooltipes wat lae sosio-ekonomiese omstandighede verteenwoordig. Slegs swart leerders het groei-inperking getoon (p < 0.01) en meer swart leerders was ondervoed (n = 39) teenoor blanke (n = 15) leerders. Kwintiel 1–3 skole het ‘n betekenisvolle hoër voorkoms vir ondergewig (5.14% – 8.18%) en groei-inperking (3.88% – 10.7%) getoon (p < 0.01) as die Kwintiel 4 en 5 skole.Gevolgtrekking: Groei-inperking, ondervoeding en ondergewig moet by skoolbeginners verbeter word, veral in Kwintiel 1–3 skooltipes en by Swart leerlinge in die NWP van SA, veral weens die negatiewe uitwerking wat dit op die toekomstige ontwikkeling en welstand van leerders wat daaronder gebuk gaan, kan uitoefen.

scholarly journals Media, Health & Health Promotion in Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Edwin Van Teijlingen ◽  
Padam Simkhada ◽  
Ann Luce ◽  
Vanora Hundley
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Public Health Agencies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Media ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

 It has been recognised that the media can affect our perceptions, views and tastes on a wide-range of issues. The mass media in it various forms (newspapers, television & radio, the internet and Twitter) and formats, have a far reaching influence through, for example news programmes, documentaries, advertising and entertainment. At the same time the media can also be seen as a channel for agencies responsible for public health to get their messages across to the population. Public health agencies are always searching for ways to disseminate health information and messages to their intended audiences. These are, of course, global concerns, but as both public health and the media are part of the society in which they operate there will be locally specific issues and considerations. To date most of the research into the media and public health has been conducted in high-income countries, and there has been very little research in Nepal on the interaction of public health and health promotion with the media.This overview paper highlights some of the key issues that public health practitioners, media editors and journalists, health policy-makers and researchers could consider.Journal of Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences Vol. 2 2016 p.70-75

scholarly journals The COVID-19 Pandemic: Model-Based Evaluation of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions and Prognoses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex De Visscher
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Large Uncertainty ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Seasonal Flu ◽  
Public Health Practitioners ◽  
Case Mortality ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

Abstract An epidemiological model for COVID-19 was developed and implemented in MATLAB/GNU Octave for use by public health practitioners, policy makers and the general public. The model distinguishes four stages in the disease: infected, sick, seriously sick, and better. The model was preliminarily parameterized based on observations of the spread of the disease. The model assumes a case mortality rate of 1.5 %. Preliminary simulations with the model indicate that concepts such as “herd immunity” and “flattening the curve” are highly misleading in the context of this virus. Public policies based on these concepts are inadequate to protect the population. Only reducing the R0 of the virus below 1 is an effective strategy for maintaining the death burden of COVID-19 within the normal range of seasonal flu. The model is illustrated with the cases of Italy, France, and Iran, and is able to describe the number of deaths as a function of time in all these cases although future projections tend to slightly overestimate the number of deaths. The case mortality rate is still prone to large uncertainty, but modeling combined with an investigation of blood donations in The Netherlands imposes a lower limit of 1 %.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on carers of children with tracheostomies

2021 ◽  
pp. archdischild-2021-322979
Author(s):  
Nicola Hall ◽  
Nikki Rousseau ◽  
David W Hamilton ◽  
A John Simpson ◽  
Steven Powell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
The North ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Shifting Boundaries ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesTo explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the experiences of caregivers of children with tracheostomies.DesignQualitative semistructured interviews.SettingAll participants were currently, or had previously cared for, a tracheostomised child who had attended a tertiary care centre in the North of England. Health professionals were purposively sampled to include accounts from a range of professions from primary, community, secondary and tertiary care.ParticipantsCarers of children with tracheostomies (n=34), including health professionals (n=17) and parents (n=17).InterventionsInterviews were undertaken between July 2020 and February 2021 by telephone or video link.Main outcome measureQualitative reflexive thematic analysis with QSR NVivo V.12.ResultsThe pandemic has presented an additional and, for some, substantial challenge when caring for tracheostomised children, but this was not always felt to be the most overriding concern. Interviews demonstrated rapid adaptation, normalisation and varying degrees of stoicism and citizenship around constantly changing pandemic-related requirements, rules and regulations. This paper focuses on four key themes: ‘reconceptualising safe care and safe places’; ‘disrupted support and isolation’; ‘relationships, trust and communication’; and ‘coping with uncertainty and shifting boundaries of responsibility’. These are described within the context of the impact on the child, the emotional and physical well-being of carers and the challenges to maintaining the values of family-centred care.ConclusionsAs we move to the next phase of the pandemic, we need to understand the impact on vulnerable groups so that their needs can be prioritised.

Empirically Validated Treatments: Health Psychology Interventions

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-8
Author(s):  
Jack E. James
Keyword(s):  
Population Level ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Behaviour Pattern ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Psychological Practice ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

Whereas King's (1977) focus was clinical psychology, the present commentary considers empirical validation of psychological practice in health settings. Comparisons are made with the fact that most diagnostic and therapeutic medical practices in use have yet to be empirically validated. At the population level, modern medicine does not appear to have had a large impact on any of the major causes of premature death, past or present. Conversely, there is strong evidence that all current major causes of death are closely related to behaviour pattern. However, there are formidable obstacles to the uptake and future development of behavioural interventions in health settings. Issues subsumed under the rubric of quality of care are particularly important, including appropriateness (treatment should not be applied when it is not needed — avoidance of overservicing), and necessity (treatment should be available to persons in need — avoidance of underservicing). The general public, health practitioners, and health policy makers are relatively uninformed about relevant psychological practices and about the central role of psychological processes in all aspects of human health.

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