Including Medical Footage and Emotional Content in Organ Donation Educational Videos for Latinx Viewers

2021 ◽  
pp. 109019812110222
Author(s):  
Stephen P. Wall ◽  
Patricio Castillo ◽  
Francine Shuchat Shaw ◽  
Elizabeth Norman ◽  
Natalia Martinez-Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Emotional Content ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Educational Videos ◽  
Future Work

We assessed whether videos with medical footage of organ preservation and transplantation plus sad, unresolved, or uplifting stories differentially affect deceased organ donor registration among clients in Latinx-owned barbershops and beauty salons. In a 2 × 3 randomized controlled trial, participants ( N = 1,696, mean age 33 years, 67% female) viewed one of six videos. The control portrayed a mother who received a kidney (uplifting), excluding medical footage. Experimental videos included medical footage and/or showed a mother waiting (unresolved) or sisters mourning their brother’s death (sad). Regression models assessed relative impact of medical footage and storylines on: (1) registry enrollment, (2) donation willingness stage of change, and (3) emotions. Randomization yielded approximately equal groups relative to age, sex, education, religion, nativity, baseline organ donation willingness, beliefs, and emotions. Overall, 14.8% of participants registered. Neither medical footage, sad, nor unresolved stories differentially affected registration and changes in organ donation willingness. Sad and unresolved stories increased sadness and decreased positive affect by ~0.1 logits compared with the uplifting story. Educational videos about organ donation which excluded or included medical footage and varying emotional valence of stories induced emotions marginally but did not affect viewers’ registration decisions differently. Heterogeneity of responses within video groups might explain the attenuated impact of including medical footage and varying emotional content. In future work, we will report qualitative reasons for participants’ registration decisions by analyzing the free text responses from the randomized trial and data from semistructured interviews that were conducted with a subset of participants.

scholarly journals Targeting Versus Tailoring Educational Videos for Encouraging Deceased Organ Donor Registration in Black-Owned Barbershops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen P Wall ◽  
Patricio Castillo ◽  
Azizi A. Seixas ◽  
Francine Shuchat-Shaw ◽  
Elizabeth Norman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Black Men ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Stage Of Change ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Black Communities ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Educational Videos

In the U.S., Black men have highest risk for requiring kidney transplants but are among those least likely to register for organ donation. Prior outreach used videos culturally targeted for Black communities, yet registration rates remain insufficient to meet demand. Therefore, we assessed whether generic versus videos culturally targeted or personally tailored based on prior organ donation beliefs differentially increase organ donor registration. In a randomized controlled trial, 1,353 participants in Black-owned barbershops viewed generic, targeted, or tailored videos about organ donation. Logistic regression models assessed relative impact of videos on: 1) immediate organ donor registration, 2) taking brochures, and 3) change in organ donation willingness stage of change from baseline. Randomization yielded approximately equal groups related to demographics and baseline willingness and beliefs. Neither targeted nor tailored videos differentially affected registration compared with the generic video, but participants in targeted and tailored groups were more likely to take brochures. Targeted (OR=1.74) and tailored (OR=1.57) videos were associated with incremental increases in organ donation willingness stage of change compared to the generic video. Distributing culturally targeted and individually tailored videos increased organ donor willingness stage of change among Black men in black-owned barbershops but was insufficient for encouraging registration.

scholarly journals National survey of feasibility of NIV trials for management of children with bronchiolitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000780
Author(s):  
Anna Rosala-Hallas ◽  
Ashley P Jones ◽  
Emma Bedson ◽  
Vanessa Compton ◽  
Ricardo M Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Respiratory Management ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Future Work

BackgroundBronchiolitis is a major cause of admission to hospital in children. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) support with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen is routinely used for infants in the UK with bronchiolitis.ObjectiveTo establish UK paediatric practice regarding management of bronchiolitis, and to explore issues pertinent to the design of a potential future randomised controlled trial of NIV.DesignScreening logs were completed in hospitals in England capturing information on paediatric bronchiolitis admissions. An online national survey of clinical practice was disseminated to healthcare professionals (HCPs) across the UK to ascertain current management strategies.ResultsScreening logs captured data on 393 infants from 8 hospitals. Reasons for admission were most commonly respiratory distress and/or poor fluid intake. Oxygen was administered for 54% of admissions. Respiratory (CPAP and HFNC) and non-respiratory support administered varied considerably. The national survey was completed by 111 HCPs from 76 hospitals. Data were obtained on criteria used to commence and wean NIV, responsibilities for altering NIV settings, minimum training requirements for staff managing a child on NIV, and numbers of trained staff. Most centres were interested in and capable of running a trial of NIV, even out of normal office hours.ConclusionsRespiratory and non-respiratory management of bronchiolitis in UK centres varies widely. A trial of HFNC oxygen therapy in this group of patients is feasible and HCPs would be willing to randomise patients into such a trial. Future work should focus on defining trial eligibility criteria.

scholarly journals Ethical and Legal Implications of Elective Ventilation and Organ Transplantation: “Medicalization” of Dying versus Medical Mission

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Frati ◽  
Vittorio Fineschi ◽  
Matteo Gulino ◽  
Gianluca Montanari Vergallo ◽  
Natale Mario Di Luca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Organ Donors ◽  
Organ Perfusion ◽  
Medical Mission ◽  
Legal Implications ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
Successful Transplantation ◽  
Italian Context

A critical controversy surrounds the type of allowable interventions to be carried out in patients who are potential organ donors, in an attempt to improve organ perfusion and successful transplantation. The main goal is to transplant an organ in conditions as close as possible to its physiological live state. “Elective ventilation” (EV), that is, the use of ventilation for the sole purpose of retrieving the organs of patients close to death, is an option which offsets the shortage of organ donation. We have analyzed the legal context of the dying process of the organ donor and the feasibility of EV in the Italian context. There is no legal framework regulating the practice of EV, neither is any real information given to the general public. A public debate has yet to be initiated. In the Italian cultural and legislative scenario, we believe that, under some circumstances (i.e., the expressed wishes of the patient, even in the form of advance directives), the use of EV does not violate the principle of beneficence. We believe that the crux of the matter lies in the need to explore the real determination and will of the patient and his/her orientation towards the specific aim of organ donation.

Abstract WP366: Exploring the Association Between Physician Trust and Recurrent Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Venkatesan ◽  
Bernadette Boden-Albala ◽  
Nina Parikh ◽  
Emily Goldmann
Keyword(s):  
Sex Education ◽  
Medication Compliance ◽  
Recurrent Stroke ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
National Study ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Physician Trust ◽  
Ischemic Attack ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: More positive health behaviors, fewer symptoms, higher quality of life, and greater treatment satisfaction have been reported among those with greater physician trust. This study assessed the relationship between physician trust and recurrent stroke/TIA within 1 year of discharge among stroke survivors in Northern Manhattan. Methods: This study used data from the Stroke Warning Information and Faster Treatment (SWIFT) study, a randomized controlled trial conducted from 2005-2012 in a multiethnic cohort of 1,193 mild/moderate ischemic stroke and TIA survivors. The goal was to assess the impact of a stroke preparedness educational intervention on emergency department arrival time after subsequent stroke symptom onset. Physician trust, assessed at baseline, was measured with one item: “What percentage of the time do you trust doctors?”. For the analysis, it was dichotomized with the cutoff at 80%. Recurrent stroke/TIA was assessed at 1 month and 1 year. The association between recurrent stroke/TIA and patient trust was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression adjusted for sociodemographics and comorbidities. Results: In the analytic sample (n=1108), those who answered both exposure and outcome, the prevalence of recurrent stroke/TIA and lack of physician trust was 10.75% and 36.46%, respectively. Consistent with the literature, Hispanics compared to whites had a higher prevalence of lack of physician trust (42.71% vs. 34.11%, p<0.001). Adjusting for race/ethnicity, intervention status, age, sex, education, marital status, smoking, insurance, hypertension, diabetes, body mass index, physical activity, and depression, those who lacked trust had greater odds of recurrent stroke/TIA (OR=1.36, 95% CI:0.86-2.18) than those who had trust. When observing the association among Hispanics and Blacks, those who lacked trust had (OR=1.27, 95% CI: 0.66-2.42) and (OR=1.26, 95% CI: 0.36-4.38) respectively, greater odds of a recurrent episode than those who had trust. Conclusion: Despite insignificant findings, a national study with a greater range of stroke severity and additional measures such as medication compliance may be warranted to provide greater insight on the effects of physician trust on stroke outcomes.

scholarly journals Hospital-based organ donation memorial ceremony: a grounded theory pilot study

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Charles Calhoun Reed ◽  
Elma I Fonseca ◽  
Regina I Reed ◽  
Stacy Foremski ◽  
Sara L Gill
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Procurement ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Organ Procurement Organizations

Objective: Various types of organ donation memorials, to include tree planting, rose garden memorials, candle lighting, donor memorial wall events are conducted throughout the year primarily by organ procurement organizations (OPOs). Although the benefits of such events have not been explored there has been continued interest by hospital staff and administrators to host such events. The purpose of this grounded theory pilot study was to describe the process of healing that a hospital-based organ donation memorial ceremony creates at the individual level and organ donation awareness and advocacy at the community level.Methods: The researchers interviewed nine organ donor family members who were invited to attend a hospital-based organ donation memorial ceremony at one Level I Trauma Center located in South Texas.Results: A 4-stage social process, “makes the hole in the heart smaller”, was identified from the qualitative interview data. Participants journeyed through a four stage process to make the hole in their hearts smaller. The four stages are: choosing to attend, being able to connect, keeping the memory alive and knowing something good came from it. As participants moved between stages their meaning for attendance changed. Families shifted from personal grieving and needing support to supporting other donor families and in the process became advocates for organ donation.Conclusions: The findings from this study validate the benefits of hospital-based organ donation memorial ceremonies. Families reported these ceremonies support their decision to donate, while also providing a means of continued emotional support throughout their grief process. The memorial event provides a safe venue for organ donor families to connect and share with others who have had a similar experience, while acknowledging their loved ones gift of life. Hospital-based organ donation memorial ceremonies and the permanent memorial structure increase awareness of organ donation for the community of donor families, hospital visitors and hospital staff.

scholarly journals P033 Randomised controlled trial on the efficacy of Audio-visual Health Educational materials on CPAP ADherence: The AHEAD trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A32-A32
Author(s):  
C Ellender ◽  
C Samaranayake ◽  
B Duce ◽  
M Boyde ◽  
S Winter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cpap Adherence ◽  
Low Health Literacy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Educational Videos ◽  
Video Education

Abstract OSA is a prevalent chronic disease with significant health implications, for which achieving &gt;4 hours/night on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is essential for effective treatment. Educational videos to improve CPAP adherence are of interest as a low-cost intervention, however trials have shown mixed results. This study aimed to compare CPAP usage following standard of care education (SOCE), with the usage following the addition of educational videos, customised to incorporate low health literacy communication, motivational and self-efficacy techniques. Methods Adults with OSA recommended treatment with CPAP, were recruited and randomised in a single blinded method, to watch short educational videos following their in laboratory CPAP study or SOCE. The primary outcome was CPAP usage at 2mths and secondary outcomes were usage at 12mth and proportion of patients with adequate usage &gt;4hrs/night. Results 195 patients met the eligibility criteria and were randomised to video education (n = 96) or to SOCE (n = 99). There was no significant difference in compliance at 2mths (median usage 1.7hrs IQR 0–6.2 SOCE, 4.4hrs IQR 0–6.7 video education p = 0.1), however at 12mths there was increased usage in the video education arm (median 0hrs IQR 0–5.4 standard of care, 3.8hrs IQR 0–6.87 p = 0.05). The proportion with adequate CPAP usage &gt;4hrs/night at 12mths was higher in the video education group (33, 33% versus 48, 50% p = 0.01). Conclusions Long-term adherence to CPAP is enhanced by the addition of educational videos that incorporate low health literacy communication and motivational techniques, compared to SOCE.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Attitudes about Organ Donation among Patient Companion at a Tertiary Hopsital in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahteme Bekele ◽  
Wubshet Jote ◽  
Tigist Workneh ◽  
Berhanu Worku
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Favorable Attitude ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Donor Pool ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Participants

BACKGROUND: Worldwide, the supply of organs continues to be much less than the demand. Many studies identify poor knowledge and negative attitude about organ donation for this. The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge and attitude towards organ donation and associated factors among people who accompany patient during hospital visit at tertiary hospital in Ethiopia.METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1st to May 31, 2019, at a tertiary hospital and the only transplant center in Ethiopia. The patient companions were interviewed with structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics were presented and factors associated with good knowledge and favorable attitude were assessed using Binary logistic regression.RESULTS: A total of 414 patient companion participated in the study. The mean age of the respondents was 35+13years, and 252(60.9%) were males. Forty-four (10.6%) of the study participants had good knowledge about organ donation. Male gender was significantly associated with improved knowledge (AOR=2.127 95% CI: 1.036, 4.368). A favorable attitude towards donation was found in 219(52.9%) of the study participants. Participants who had completed secondary education were more likely to have unfavorable attitude towards organ donation (AOR=0.498, 95% CI: 0.290, 0.857).CONCLUSION: Knowledge about organ donation was found to be poor, and attitudes towards organ donation were found to be unfavorable among patient companions at a major medical center in Ethiopia. Strategies focused on education of the general public and broad dissemination of information on the benefits of organ donation will be critical for improving the organ donor pool.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude of law, medicine, and mass-communication students towards deceased organ donation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Pragya Paneru ◽  
Shyam S. Budhathoki ◽  
Samyog Uprety ◽  
Birendra K. Yadav ◽  
Rashmi Mulmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
Organ Transplantation ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Organ Donor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deceased Organ Donation ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Background: With the global increase in the incidence organ failure and subsequent advancement in the medical technology, organ transplantation is growing as the best choice of treatment among the patients with various kinds of organ failure. However, the rate of deceased organ donation is relatively low in South-East Asia regions, including Nepal. This has created a mismatch between the demand and supply of organs for transplantation. World Health Organization encourages organ transplantation from a deceased organ donor as there is no risk to the donor. Thus, this paper aimed to assess knowledge and attitude of literate group specifically towards deceased organ donation.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 299 students selected conveniently from medicine, law, and mass communication streams from 9 different colleges (3 colleges from each stream) of Kathmandu. Data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire. Knowledge level was classified into three different categories based on obtained scores and attitude was analyzed based on five-point Likert scale.Results: Almost half (48.8%) of the respondents while only 7% had high level of knowledge on the organ donation and transplantation. Similarly, 95% of the people had positive attitude towards organ donation. However, there was a weak correlation between knowledge and attitude of the respondents. None of the respondents carried an organ donation card.Conclusions: There is a need to plan robust strategies to educate people on organ donation so that they can make pragmatic decisions to register their names for deceased organ donation.

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