The Effects of Unfulfilled Preferential Treatment and Review Dispersion on Airbnb Guests’ Attitudes and Behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 109634802110669
Author(s):  
Xiaoyun Zheng ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Nathan Line ◽  
Wei Wei
Keyword(s):  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Consumer Evaluations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Dispersion Condition ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Low Dispersion

In sharing accommodation business such as Airbnb, while the provision of personalized amenities and services may seem like good business, hosts should be aware of the potential unintended consequences when they are not able to deliver what they promise. The present research examines how expectation gaps created by guest reviews interact with different types of preferential services to subsequently affect consumer behavior in the peer-to-peer accommodation economy. Grounded in attribution theory, this study offers new insights on customer responses to unfulfilled preferential treatment. The results suggest that in the condition of utilitarian services (e.g., airport transportation), participants in the low dispersion condition exhibited more negative attitudes, a lower level of repurchase intention, and a decreased willingness to write an online review. Conversely, in the condition of hedonic services (e.g., perform a talent show), expectation discrepancy did not result in different consumer evaluations across the dispersion conditions.

Understanding Police Recruits’ Attitudes Toward Public Interactions: An Australian Example

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise E. Porter ◽  
Geoffrey P. Alpert
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Police Culture ◽  
Physical Force ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Police Recruits ◽  
Code Of Silence ◽  
Police Attitudes ◽  
Culture Dimensions ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Recent events, particularly in the United States, have highlighted strained police-citizen relations and the importance of citizens viewing police as legitimate and trustworthy. Perceptions of unreasonable police officer conduct, particularly related to demeanor and physical force, are often at the center of public complaints. The present study used survey data to explore the attitudes of 577 Australian police recruits regarding behaving disrespectfully toward, and using force against, citizens. Over all, recruits’ attitudes were positive, likely reflecting present screening processes. However, some variation was evident and predicted by selected police culture dimensions, including cynicism and police authority, as well as officer characteristics and background factors. Further, attitudes more supportive of disrespect and force were, in turn, predictive of the code of silence for such behavior, measured through hypothetical unwillingness to report colleagues’ behavior. The implications for understanding police attitudes are discussed, as well as attempts to reduce negative attitudes and behavior.

Prejudice and Discrimination Toward Immigrants

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 503-531
Author(s):  
Victoria M. Esses
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Immigrant Status ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Prejudice And Discrimination ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Prejudice and discrimination toward immigrants, and the consequences of these negative attitudes and behavior, are key determinants of the economic, sociocultural, and civic-political future of receiving societies and of the individuals who seek to make these societies their new home. In this article I review and organize the existing literature on the determinants and nature of prejudice and discrimination toward immigrants, summarizing what we know to date and the challenges in attributing effects to immigrant status per se. I also discuss the consequences of discrimination against immigrants for immigrants themselves, their families, and the societies in which they settle. I conclude by presenting key research questions and topics in this domain that should be at the top of the research agenda for those interested in intergroup relations in this age of mass migration.

scholarly journals Pengetahuan dan Sikap Manusia Terhadap Isu Lingkungan

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Ashary Alam ◽  
Muhammad Ardi ◽  
Ahmad Rifqi Asrib
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Knowledge ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Environmental Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Environmental issues are problems that arise from the results of greedy human activities in exploiting nature. Many environmental issues have made humans vulnerable to disasters. The utilization of energy resources carried out by humans today results in air pollution, the greenhouse effect, and global warming. The environment becomes degraded due to human activation, a degraded environment will only have a negative impact on human life. This article discusses human knowledge and attitudes towards environmental issues. Environmental knowledge is general knowledge about facts, concepts, or relationships related to the surrounding environment and its ecosystem. Every human being has different environmental knowledge because it is influenced by factors of education, experience, information, the area of residence. Knowledge of the environment that humans have will support their environmental attitudes and behavior. Every environmental issue that occurs will bring up two kinds of attitudes in the community, namely positive and negative attitudes. Every attitude possessed by humans will determine what steps they will choose in facing environmental issues, such as turning off lights, turning off electronic equipment, choosing vehicles with minimal emissions.

scholarly journals Social Media and E-Commerce: A Theoretical Study of Factors Affecting Consumer Behavior of Social Media Buyers

2021 ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Dr. Kavita Chauhan ◽  
Faiz Rehman Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Social Media Networks ◽  
Retail Business ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mobile Channels ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

This research studies the factors that impact the behavior of the consumers of social media buyers. The retail business has changed radically over the most recent two decades, at first with the landing of computer-interface shopping and, more recently, with the emerging of mobile channels and social media stages. It is hard for e-commerce or e-retail companies to identify and influence the variables that drive consumers' attitudes and behavior. Different types of media affect people's conclusions, significantly depending on how much time they spend on such media. Facebook and Twitter are two examples of relatively older types of social media in correlation with newer social media networks, for example, Instagram. Furthermore, people use each type of social media for different purposes and based on their individual preferences.

scholarly journals Exploring Relationship Among Customer Dissatisfaction, Complaints, And Loyalty In The Virtualized Environment: Roles Of Advanced Services

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon C. Cho
Keyword(s):  
Product Category ◽  
Purchase Behavior ◽  
Complaining Behavior ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Customer Dissatisfaction ◽  
Repeat Purchase ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
Repeat Purchase Behavior ◽  
A Company

Various studies support how satisfied customers become loyal customers by investigating attitudes and behavior, while fewer studies have examined links among dissatisfaction, complaints, and loyalty, particularly in the virtualized environment. By applying justice dimension, the purpose of this study is to explore i) how different types of justice affect customer dissatisfaction; ii) how the level of customer dissatisfaction affects willingness to complain/complaining behavior; iii) how willingness to complain/complaining behavior affects repeat purchase behavior based on how complaints are resolved by a company; and iv) how repeat purchase behavior affects loyalty. Proposed relationships are investigated with effects of advanced services (i.e., 2Is, Interactivity and Individualization) and product category that are applied in the virtualized environment. By applying various statistical analyses, this study provides managerial and theoretical implications and offers suggestions to e-businesses.

Role of Personality in Response to Fear Appeal Advertisements on Oral Hygiene

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ajit ◽  
V. Joseph Paul Raj
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Fear Appeal ◽  
Personality Variables ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
Bad Breath ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

In this world of extremely fragmented markets, there is a need to recognize the importance of understanding customers to achieve effectiveness of marketing activities. It is logical that different people have different and unique responses for different types of advertisements according to their characteristics and they may react most positively when exposed to advertisements that match their personality. Fear appeal ads, as a tactic of persuasion, influence such attitudes and behavior of customers. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether different personality traits influence the responses to fear appeal advertisements. The present study uses five individual differences personality variables like openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeability, and neuroticism/stability to study the responses to fear appeal advertisements on oral hygiene. The results show that there is a significant relationship between agreeableness, extraversion and seriousness towards gingivitis and bad breath whereas there is a significant relationship between openness and seriousness towards tooth decay.

Looking in and looking out: Effects of (in)congruent corporate social responsibility on organizational cynicism

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Zhen Li ◽  
Fuxi Wang ◽  
Liqian Yang
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Comparison Theory ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Organizational Cynicism ◽  
Internal Stakeholders ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) efforts targeting both internal stakeholders (i.e., employees) and external stakeholders (i.e., environment, community, consumers) can mitigate employees' negative attitudes and behavior. However, the effects of (in)congruence between internal CSR (ICSR) and external CSR (ECSR) perceptions have not yet been examined. We used social comparison theory to investigate the joint effects of ICSR and ECSR perceptions on organizational cynicism, by conducting a polynomial regression analysis of 342 employees with data from a two-wave survey. The results show that employees experienced higher cynicism when ICSR and ECSR perceptions were incongruent, with high ECSR–low ICSR causing greater cynicism. Thus, there was an inverted U-shaped relationship between congruent CSR perceptions and organizational cynicism. Our findings have implications for research and practice.

The effect of message framings and green practices on customers’ attitudes and behavior intentions toward green restaurants

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 2270-2296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xu ◽  
EunHa Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Message Framing ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Green Communication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advertising Message ◽  
Behavior Intentions ◽  
Green Practices ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Purpose This study identifies an effective communication strategy for promoting restaurants’ green efforts to customers by using different types of green advertisement messages. This study aims to investigate the relative persuasiveness of attribute-based versus benefit-based appeal messages in green restaurant advertisements and their matching effect with different types of green practices in the restaurant (environment-focused green practices vs food-focused green practices) and with different types of restaurants (fine dining vs fast casual dining) on customers’ attitude and visiting intention toward green restaurants. Furthermore, the study examines a moderating effect of restaurant types to assess whether the matching effects between types of messages and types of green practices work differently within the different types of restaurants. Design/methodology/approach A 2 (attribute-based vs benefit-based messages) × 2 (food-focused vs environment-focused green practices) × 2 (fast casual vs fine dining restaurants) between-subject experimental design was used to test the proposed hypotheses. An online scenario-based survey was developed and distributed to online panel members in the USA. Ultimately, 363 responses were used for data analyses. ANOVA and t-test were conducted to analyze the data. Findings The results indicate that benefit-based messages are generally more persuasive than attribute-based messages in green restaurant advertisements. For restaurants with food-focused green practices, an advertising message emphasizing the benefit of food-focused green practices (benefit-based message) would be more effective than an advertising message describing their tangible efforts to show the greenness of the restaurant (attribute-based message). For fine dining restaurants, a green advertisement with benefit-based information would be more persuasive than attribute-based information. This study further showed that the aforementioned interaction effect between types of green practices and types of messages was salient for fine dining restaurants. Originality/value This research is one of the few studies in restaurant management to examine the green communication effectiveness in terms of the types of green practices and the types of advertising message framing. By comparing the relative persuasiveness of green advertisements on consumers’ attitudes and behavior intentions, this study provides suggestions for restaurant professionals to make effective green communication strategies based on the type of green practices the restaurant primarily uses and the type of restaurant the manager is operating.

scholarly journals Beauty or beast? Farmers’ dualistic views and the influence of aesthetic appreciation on tolerance towards black-backed jackal and caracal

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248977
Author(s):  
Marine Drouilly ◽  
Nicoli Nattrass ◽  
M. Justin O’Riain
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
South African ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Cultural Representations ◽  
Aesthetic Appreciation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Small Livestock ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Various species of wild, adaptable, medium-sized carnivores occur outside of protected areas, often coming into contact with people and their domestic animals. Negative human-carnivore interactions can lead to antagonistic attitudes and behavior directed at such species. In the South African Karoo, a semi-arid rangeland, the predation of small-livestock by mesopredators is common and farmers typically use a combination of non-lethal and lethal methods to try and prevent livestock losses. We used ethnographic field observations and semi-structured interviews as part of a mixed methods approach, including the quantitative and qualitative analysis of farmers’ narratives to illustrate the nuanced ways in which sheep farmers relate to the two mesopredators that consume the most livestock on their farms; black-backed jackal and caracal. Overall, farmers attributed negative characteristics to jackal and caracal but farmers’ narratives provided evidence of complex perceptions in that the animals were admired as well as disliked. Both species were seen as charismatic due to traits such as their physical appearance, their “cunning” nature and their remarkable adaptability to human activities, including lethal control. Aesthetic appreciation was an important predictor of tolerance towards both species whereas negative attitudes were associated with the perception that mesopredators should only occur within protected areas. Attitudes towards jackals also appeared to have been affected by cultural representations of them as “thieves”. We showed that perceiving mesopredators as beautiful increased the average marginal probability of a farmer tolerating them, and that this strong relationship held when controlling for other covariates such as livestock predation. We advocate the importance of understanding the cultural and aesthetic aspects of predators and considering existing positive dimensions of human-wildlife relationships that may encourage increased farmers’ tolerance, which might promote coexistence.

A Survey of Eating/Dieting Attitudes and Bulimic Behavior among University Undergraduate Women

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy G. Comstock ◽  
Ted T. L. Chen ◽  
George P. Cernada
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
New England ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
State University ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Undergraduate Women ◽  
Education Needs ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

A random sample of female undergraduates at a large New England state university was surveyed by mail in 1983 to determine their attitudes and behavior relating to eating, dieting, and body weight. Results indicated dissatisfaction with and negative attitudes about eating habits and body weight. Forty-five percent had ever experienced uncontrolled binge-eating; 18 percent had a combination of bulimia symptoms, and 10 percent had used self-induced vomiting for weight control. The health education needs and interests of these students also were assessed and recommendations for university programs were made.

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