Partial laryngectomy for the management of laryngeal masses in six cats

2021 ◽  
pp. 1098612X2110274
Author(s):  
Jasmine Moser ◽  
Georg Haimel ◽  
Alexander Tichy ◽  
Laurent Findji
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Thyroid Cartilage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Partial Laryngectomy ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Laryngeal Disease ◽  
Laryngeal Cartilages ◽  
Laryngeal Cyst

Objectives Partial laryngectomy is an organ-sparing surgical procedure for the removal of laryngeal masses which has not been described in cats. The aim of this study was to report on the surgical procedure and the short- and long-term clinical outcomes of cats that underwent partial laryngectomy. Methods Medical records were retrospectively collected over a 4-year period in two institutions. The following data were retrieved: signalment, history, clinical signs, diagnostic test results, surgical procedure, postoperative management, complications and outcome. Results Six cats underwent partial laryngectomy. The most common clinical signs in cats with laryngeal masses were stridor (n = 4) and dyspnoea (n = 4). In all cats, a full-thickness portion of one or several laryngeal cartilages was resected, including thyroid cartilage alone (n = 2), thyroid cartilage and arytenoid (n = 2), and arytenoid cartilage and epiglottis (n = 2). The resected laryngeal masses were reported to be lymphoma (n = 3), carcinoma (n = 1), laryngeal cyst (n = 1) and inflammatory laryngeal disease (n = 1). All cats survived the surgical intervention of partial laryngectomy. Four cats showed varying degrees of respiratory distress in the short-term postoperative period. A temporary tracheostomy tube was placed in two cats. No other postoperative complications were noted in the short- or long-term. Four cats were still alive at the time of writing. These cats survived at least 252 days. Conclusions and relevance In a small number of cases, our results show that successful long-term outcomes after partial laryngectomy are achievable, with longer survival times than previously reported. Therefore, partial laryngectomy should be considered as a viable treatment option in cats with laryngeal masses.

Performance and Management of Long-Term Tracheostomy

1995 ◽  
Vol 112 (5) ◽  
pp. P67-P67
Author(s):  
Isaac Eliachar ◽  
Frank Miller
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Educational Objectives

Educational objectives: To determine the indications of performing long-term tracheostomy, better understand the advantage, pitfalls, complications, etc., and to plan and perform this surgical procedure and become knowledgeable in the postoperative management.

Oxygen treatment after perinatal hypoxia-ischemia reduces neuronal damage at short survival times, but worsens injury with long-term survival

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S444-S444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin M Noppens ◽  
J Regino Perez-Polo ◽  
David K Rassin ◽  
Karin N Westlund ◽  
Roderic Fabian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Perinatal Hypoxia ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Short Survival ◽  
Oxygen Treatment ◽  
Hypoxia Ischemia

Risk scoring by CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc as predictors for long-term outcomes after surgical ablation for atrial fibrillation

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Lauritzen ◽  
H.J Vodstrup ◽  
T.D Christensen ◽  
M Onat ◽  
R Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Isolation Procedure ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Surgical Ablation ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Risk Scoring

Abstract Background Following catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF), CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc have utility in predicting long-term outcomes. However, it is currently unknown if the same holds for patients undergoing surgical ablation. Purpose To determine whether CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc predict long-term outcomes after surgical ablation in concomitance with other cardiac surgery. Methods In this prospective, follow-up study, we included patients who underwent biatrial ablation - or pulmonary vein isolation procedure concomitantly with other cardiac surgery between 2004 and 2018. CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores were assessed prior to surgery and categorized in groups as 0–1, 2–4 or ≥5. Outcomes were death, AF, and AF-related death. Follow-up was ended in April 2019. Results A total of 587 patients with a mean age of 68.7±0.4 years were included. Both CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores were predictors of survival p=0.005 and p<0.001, respectively (Figure). For CHADS2, mean survival times were 5.9±3.7 years for scores 0–1, 5.0±3.0 years for scores 2–4 and 4.3±2.6 years for scores ≥5. For CHA2DS2-VASc mean survival times were 7.3±4.0 years for scores 0–1, 5.6±2.9 years for scores 2–4 and 4.8±2.1 years for scores ≥5. The incidence of death was 20.1% for CHADS2 0–1, 24.8% for CHADS2 2–4, and 35.3% for CHADS2 ≥5, p=0.186. The incidence of AF was 50.2% for CHADS2 0–1, 47.9% for CHADS2 2–4, and 76.5% for CHADS2 ≥5, p=0.073. The incidence of AF related death was 13.0% for CHADS2 0–1, 16.8% for CHADS2 2–4, and 35.3% for CHADS2 ≥5, p=0.031. The incidence of death was 16.8% for CHA2DS2-VASc 0–1, 26.2% for CHA2DS2-VASc 2–4, and 45.0% for CHA2DS2-VASc ≥5, p=0.001. The incidence of AF was 49.6% for CHA2DS2-VASc 0–1, 52.5% for CHA2DS2-VASc 2–4, and 72.5% for CHA2DS2-VASc ≥5, p=0.035. The incidence of AF related death was 12.2% for CHA2DS2-VASc 0–1, 16.0% for CHA2DS2-VASc 2–4, and 42.5% for CHA2DS2-VASc ≥5, p<0.001. Conclusion Both CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores predict long-term outcomes after surgical ablation for AF. However, CHA2DS2-VASc was superior in predicting death, AF, and AF-related death. Survival curves Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Brain Abscess Caused by Nocardia: Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Finger ◽  
Maria Eduarda Conte Gripa ◽  
Tiago Paczko Bozko Cecchini ◽  
Tobias Ludwig do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Rare Clinical Entity ◽  
Brain Abscesses

AbstractNocardia brain abscess is a rare clinical entity, accounting for 2% of all brain abscesses, associated with high morbidity and a mortality rate 3 times higher than brain abscesses caused by other bacteria. Proper investigation and treatment, characterized by a long-term antibiotic therapy, play an important role on the outcome of the patient. The authors describe a case of a patient without neurological comorbidities who developed clinical signs of right occipital lobe impairment and seizures, whose investigation demonstrated brain abscess caused by Nocardia spp. The patient was treated surgically followed by antibiotic therapy with a great outcome after 1 year of follow-up.

scholarly journals Long-term survival benefit of ramipril in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure

Heart ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 389-395
Author(s):  
Jianhua Wu ◽  
Alistair S Hall ◽  
Chris P Gale
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Survival Benefit ◽  
Ace Inhibition ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival

AimsACE inhibition reduces mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, there are limited randomised data about the long-term survival benefits of ACE inhibition in this population.MethodsIn 1993, the Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy (AIRE) study randomly allocated patients with AMI and clinical heart failure to ramipril or placebo. The duration of masked trial therapy in the UK cohort (603 patients, mean age=64.7 years, 455 male patients) was 12.4 and 13.4 months for ramipril (n=302) and placebo (n=301), respectively. We estimated life expectancy and extensions of life (difference in median survival times) according to duration of follow-up (range 0–29.6 years).ResultsBy 9 April 2019, death from all causes occurred in 266 (88.4%) patients in placebo arm and 275 (91.1%) patients in ramipril arm. The extension of life between ramipril and placebo groups was 14.5 months (95% CI 13.2 to 15.8). Ramipril increased life expectancy more for patients with than without diabetes (life expectancy difference 32.1 vs 5.0 months), previous AMI (20.1 vs 4.9 months), previous heart failure (19.5 vs 4.9 months), hypertension (16.6 vs 8.3 months), angina (16.2 vs 5.0 months) and age >65 years (11.3 vs 5.7 months). Given potential treatment switching, the true absolute treatment effect could be underestimated by 28%.ConclusionFor patients with clinically defined heart failure following AMI, ramipril results in a sustained survival benefit, and is associated with an extension of life of up to 14.5 months for, on average, 13 months treatment duration.

scholarly journals A 7-month inhalation toxicology study in C57BL/6 mice demonstrates reduced pulmonary inflammation and emphysematous changes following smoking cessation or switching to e-vapor products

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 239784732199587
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Kumar ◽  
Ulrike Kogel ◽  
Marja Talikka ◽  
Celine Merg ◽  
Emmanuel Guedj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Pulmonary Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Inhalation Study ◽  
Toxicology Study ◽  
Nasal Tissue ◽  
Product Switching ◽  
The Impact

Cigarette smoking causes serious diseases, including lung cancer, atherosclerotic coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. While cessation remains the most effective approach to minimize smoking-related disease, alternative non-combustible tobacco-derived nicotine-containing products may reduce disease risks among those unable or unwilling to quit. E-vapor aerosols typically contain significantly lower levels of smoke-related harmful and potentially harmful constituents; however, health risks of long-term inhalation exposures are unknown. We designed a 7-month inhalation study in C57BL/6 mice to evaluate long-term respiratory toxicity of e-vapor aerosols compared to cigarette smoke and to assess the impact of smoking cessation (Cessation group) or switching to an e-vapor product (Switching group) after 3 months of exposure to 3R4F cigarette smoke (CS). There were no significant changes in in-life observations (body weights, clinical signs) in e-vapor groups compared to the Sham Control. The 3R4F CS group showed reduced respiratory function during exposure and had lower body weight and showed transient signs of distress post-exposure. Following 7 months of exposure, e-vapor aerosols resulted in no or minimal increase in pulmonary inflammation, while exposure to 3R4F CS led to impairment of lung function and caused marked lung inflammation and emphysematous changes. Biological changes observed in the Switching group were similar to the Cessation group. 3R4F CS exposure dysregulated the lung and nasal tissue transcriptome, while these molecular effects were substantially lower in the e-vapor group. Results from this study demonstrate that in comparison with 3R4F CS, e-vapor aerosols induce substantially lower biological responses including pulmonary inflammation and emphysematous changes, and that complete switching from CS to e-vapor products significantly reduces biological changes associated with CS in C57BL/6 mice.

scholarly journals Laryngeal stent for acute and chronic respiratory distress in seven dogs with laryngeal paralysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Cecilia Ricart ◽  
Sergio Martín Rodríguez ◽  
Roberto Miguel Duré
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Laryngeal Function ◽  
Laryngeal Stenosis ◽  
Laryngeal Paralysis ◽  
Silicone Stent

Background: Laryngeal paralysis, failure of arytenoid cartilage, and vocal fold abduction are commonly seen in older medium to large breed dogs. Observation of laryngeal function in dogs and cats is performed by transoral visualization. There are a variety of surgical techniques; aspiration pneumonia is the most common complication associated with surgical correction of laryngeal paralysis. The aim of this case series is to report on the placement of a laryngeal silicone stent in seven dogs with laryngeal paralysis and its use as an alternative treatment of respiratory distress caused by laryngeal paralysis and/or its use for laryngeal stenosis as complication of laryngeal paralysis surgery.Case description: Seven dogs presented with either episode of gagging, mild-to-severe inspiratory distress, or cyanosis because of a laryngeal paralysis or laryngeal stenosis. In each case, the laryngeal paralysis was diagnosed by direct laryngoscopy. They were treated with a silicone laryngeal stent (Stening®) that substantially improved the clinical signs. Each dog had a different outcome because of other pathologies; however, the laryngeal pathology was successfully treated with the stent.Conclusion: The placement of the laryngeal stent is an easy technique to learn and practice, it could avoid the lifethreatening complications of the laryngeal paralysis at the acute phase, and it could be a noninvasive and long-term alternative therapy for laryngeal paralysis in dogs. The results in these clinical cases are encouraging for considering the laryngeal stent as a therapeutic alternative. Key words: Canine, Polyneuropathy, Prosthesis, Surgery.

scholarly journals Transitional Cell Carcinomas of the Urinary Tract in a Colony of Beagle Dogs

1989 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Nikula ◽  
S. A. Benjamin ◽  
G. M. Angleton ◽  
A. C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Beagle Dogs ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Microscopic Features

Gross and light microscopic features of transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) of the urinary tract were examined in Beagle dogs used for the study of the long-term effects of low-dose, whole-body, 60Co gamma radiation. Thirty-eight cases of TCC occurred among 990 dogs that were from 0 to 14 years of age. There was no conclusive evidence of a radiation effect. The 38 TCC were equally divided between male and female dogs, but there was a significant difference in the sex distribution of urethra-origin TCC. Eleven males had a primary urethral TCC compared to only two females. There was no significant difference between the urethra-origin and bladder-origin TCCs in the number of tumors that caused clinical signs, metastasized, or that contributed to the death of the dog. All cases of urethral TCC in male dogs occurred in the prostatic urethra. The majority of these cases were not recognized to be neoplasms at gross necropsy, but microscopic examination revealed the TCC. Our findings differ from previous reports stating that TCC occurs more frequently in female than male dogs, and they especially differ from reports claiming that urethra-origin TCC is predominately a disease of female dogs.

Outcome Predictors After Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Recurrent Trigeminal Neuralgia

Neurosurgery ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1637-1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Kano ◽  
Douglas Kondziolka ◽  
Huai-Che Yang ◽  
Oscar Zorro ◽  
Javier Lobato-Polo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Gamma Knife ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Failed Surgery ◽  
Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery

Abstract BACKGROUND: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) that recurs after surgery can be difficult to manage. OBJECTIVE: To define management outcomes in patients who underwent gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKSR) after failing 1 or more previous surgical procedures. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed outcomes after GKSR in 193 patients with TN after failed surgery. The median patient age was 70 years (range, 26-93 years). Seventy-five patients had a single operation (microvascular decompression, n = 40; glycerol rhizotomy, n = 24; radiofrequency rhizotomy, n = 11). One hundred eighteen patients underwent multiple operations before GKSR. Patients were evaluated up to 14 years after GKSR. RESULTS: After GKSR, 85% of patients achieved pain relief or improvement (Barrow Neurological Institute grade I-IIIb). Pain recurrence was observed in 73 of 168 patients 6 to 144 months after GKSR (median, 6 years). Factors associated with better long-term pain relief included no relief from the surgical procedure preceding GKSR, pain in a single branch, typical TN, and a single previous failed surgical procedure. Eighteen patients (9.3%) developed new or increased trigeminal sensory dysfunction, and 1 developed deafferentation pain. Patients who developed sensory loss after GKSR had better long-term pain control (Barrow Neurological Institute grade I-IIIb: 86% at 5 years). CONCLUSION: GKSR proved to be safe and moderately effective in the management of TN that recurs after surgery. Development of sensory loss may predict better long-term pain control. The best candidates for GKSR were patients with recurrence after a single failed previous operation and those with typical TN in a single trigeminal nerve distribution.

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