scholarly journals Physical education contributes to total physical activity levels and predominantly in higher intensity physical activity categories

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Kerr ◽  
Lindsey Smith ◽  
Sarah Charman ◽  
Stephen Harvey ◽  
Louise Savory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Monitoring ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Total Difference

Children’s engagement in physical activity of a vigorous intensity or higher is more effective at promoting cardiorespiratory fitness than moderate physical activity. It remains unclear how higher intensity physical activity varies between days when schoolchildren participate in physical education (PE) and non-PE days. The purpose of this study was to assess how PE contributes to sedentary behaviour and the intensity profile of physical activity accumulated on PE days compared to non-PE days. Fifty-three schoolchildren (36 girls, 11.7 ± 0.3 years) completed five-day minute-by-minute habitual physical activity monitoring using triaxial accelerometers to determine time spent sedentary (<1.5 Metabolic Equivalent of Tasks (METs)) and in light (1.5–2.9 METs), moderate (3–5.9 METs), vigorous (6–8.9 METs), hard (9–11.9 METs) and very hard intensity (≥12 METs) physical activity on PE days and non-PE days. Sedentary time was higher on non-PE days than on PE days (mean difference: 62 minutes, p < 0.001). Hard and very hard intensity physical activity was significantly higher on PE days compared with non-PE days (mean total difference: 33 minutes, all significant at p < 0.001). During the PE lesson, boys spent more time in hard ( p < 0.01) and very hard ( p < 0.01) physical activity compared to girls. Schoolchildren spent significantly more time in higher intensity physical activity and significantly less time sedentary on PE days than on non-PE days. As well as reducing sedentary behaviour, the opportunity to promote such health-promoting higher intensity physical activity in the school setting warrants further investigation.

scholarly journals The types and levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour of Senior Phase learners in Potchefstroom

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 372-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna C.W. De Vos ◽  
Dorita Du Toit ◽  
Dané Coetzee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Sedentary Behaviours ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Activities

Background: Worldwide, the health risks of decreasing physical activity levels and increasing sedentary behaviour among adolescents are a raising concern.Objective: To determine the types and levels of physical activity as well as that of sedentary behaviour of a group Senior Phase learners in South Africa.Methods: The adapted Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey (CLASS) questionnaire was used for determining the types and levels of physical activity and sedentary behaviour of 230 Grade 7 learners, from three schools in Potchefstroom. Data were analysed by means of the SAS statistics programme, and descriptive statistics, as well as independent t-tests andeffect sizes (ES) were used.Results: Moderate to high-intensity physical activity levels of between 334 and 361 min per week were found, and sedentary behaviour of between 3077 and 3410 min per week, which implies that between 70.7% and 71.9% of the participants, did not meet the recommended health-based guidelines. Higher activity levels were shown during weekends, where the boys were significantly more active than girls (p < 0.001; ES between 0.21 and 0.56), and girls showed more sedentary behaviours than the boys (ES between 0.18 and 0.20). The leisure time physical activities with the highest participation were soccer, recreational swimming, jogging and dancing, while the sedentary activities were listening to music, riding a vehicle and being busy on the phone.Conclusion: Strategies need to be implemented to raise the physical activity levels of Senior Phase learners, especially during weekdays, and to decrease sedentary behaviour. With this view in mind, recommendations are made for Physical Education teachers.

scholarly journals Prevalence Of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour And Unhealthy Dietary Habits Among Moroccan Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 937-943
Author(s):  
Abdelmounaim Boulhanna, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hygiene Behaviour ◽  
Sugary Drinks

Adolescence represents a very crucial phase in the human life cycle. During this period adolescents develop individual lifestyle habits. as a result, and in the absence of data concerning the above characteristics, in the Beni Mellal-Khénifra region, we leaded a cross-sectional survey of growth ,food and hygiene behaviour conducted among a sample of 812 adolescents, including 404 boys attending school aged 13 to18 years, Furthermore, the objective of this study was also to verify among college students of the region the prevalence of moderate physical activity levels, unhealthy dietary habits and sedentary behaviour, in order to determine the risk factors related to the physical inactivity. The prevalence of physical activity was 36.08% (50.0% among boys and 22.06% among girls). Nearly 40% of these adolescents spend more than 2 hours a day in front of the screens. Unhealthy dietary habits are more frequent among adolescents and the majority of them consume Fried potatoes (fries and chips) Doughnuts/cake, Sugary drinks more than three times a week. These results show significant associations between physical activity, sedentary habits and some unhealthy dietary habits.

Girls’ Physical Activity during High School Physical Education: Influences of Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart J. Fairclough
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Class Time ◽  
High School Physical Education ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

This study assessed the physical activity levels of 20 high school girls (age 13 years, SD = 1.1) during physical education classes, over an 8-month period. Physical activity was measured by heart rate telemetry and accelerometry. Skinfold measurements were used to estimate percent body fat, and peak VO2 was assessed by maximal treadmill running. Girls engaged in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) for 38.5% of class time and produced 961.8 vector magnitude (Vmag) counts · min−1. Body fat was inversely correlated with Vmag counts · min−1 (r = −.65, p < .01) and peak VO2 (r = −.65, p < .01). Girls’ MVPA in physical education did not meet the Healthy People 2010 50% of class time criterion. Body fat significantly predicted 42% of the variance in Vmag counts · min−1. Cardiorespiratory fitness appeared not to influence physical activity during physical education, regardless of measurement method. Girls’ physical activity in physical education may be improved if schools advocate planned lesson outcomes that aim to maximize opportunities for physical activity.

Validity of a Revised System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT)

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman P. Pope ◽  
Karen J. Coleman ◽  
Eugenia C. Gonzalez ◽  
Felix Barron ◽  
Edward M. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Observation System ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Instruction Time ◽  
Intraclass Correlations

This study was designed to validate the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT5) and a modified SOFIT scale (SOFIT6) for assessing activity levels in physical education (PE) classes. Participants were 56 third- to fifth-grade students from a predominantly (98%) Hispanic school. Inter-rater reliability, using intraclass correlations, for both SOFIT5 and SOFIT5 was r = .98. The correlation for the SOFIT5 with TriTrac was r = .60 (CI = .43–.734) and the correlation for the SOFIT6 with TriTrac was r = .68 (CI = .524–.804). A six-point SOFIT scale may be more sensitive to measuring variations in light and moderate physical activity during PE classes as compared to the standard five point SOFIT scale. This has important implications for using this observation system to estimate the effects of interventions for physical activity during PE classes.

scholarly journals Children’s Perceived and Actual Physical Activity Levels within the Elementary School Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3485
Author(s):  
Kristy Howells ◽  
Tara Coppinger
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Whole School ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
School Day ◽  
Children’S Physical Activity ◽  
Three Factor

To date, little research has longitudinally examined young children’s physical activity (PA) during school hours, nor questioned children’s perceptions of their own PA behaviours. This study investigated 20 children’s actual physical activity levels (APA) and their perceived physical activity levels (PPA) (10 infants, mean age 6.6 years; 10 juniors, mean age 9.5 years). APA was evaluated using accelerometers across 36 whole school days (371 min per day); 18 days included Physical Education (PE) lessons and 18 did not. A repeated-measures three-factor ANOVA analysed: type of day; age phase; parts of the day and sex. PPA was collected by an interactive handset and an adapted version of the PA Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C). Participants undertook 10 more minutes of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) on PE days (53 ± 19 min) compared to non-PE days (43 ± 15 min) (F = 92.32, p < 0.05) and only junior boys reached daily MVPA recommendations (60 ± 13 min) on PE days. Juniors over-estimated, and infants under-estimated, their APA levels. Educators need more support to teach and embed different PA intensities into the school day to enable children to better understand the health benefits associated with varying the intensity of their PA during school hours.

A Comparison of Children’s Physical Activity Levels in Physical Education, Recess, and Exergaming

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zan Gao ◽  
Senlin Chen ◽  
David F. Stodden
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
School Based ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Main Effects

Purpose:To compare young children’s different intensity physical activity (PA) levels in physical education, recess and exergaming programs.Methods:Participants were 140 first and second grade children (73 girls; Meanage= 7.88 years). Beyond the daily 20-minute recess, participants attended 75-minute weekly physical education classes and another 75-minute weekly exergaming classes. Children’s PA levels were assessed by ActiGraph GTX3 accelerometers for 3 sessions in the 3 programs. The outcome variables were percentages of time spent in sedentary, light PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA).Results:There were significant main effects for program and grade, and an interaction effect for program by grade. Specifically, children’s MVPA in exergaming and recess was higher than in physical education. The 2nd-grade children demonstrated lower sedentary behavior and MVPA than the first-grade children during recess; less light PA in both recess and exergaming than first-grade children; and less sedentary behavior but higher MVPA in exergaming than first-grade children.Conclusions:Young children generated higher PA levels in recess and exergaming as compared with physical education. Hence, other school-based PA programs may serve as essential components of a comprehensive school PA program. Implications are provided for educators and health professionals.

scholarly journals Exploring activity levels in physical education lessons in the UK: a cross-sectional examination of activity types and fitness levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000924
Author(s):  
Nick Beale ◽  
Emma Eldridge ◽  
Anne Delextrat ◽  
Patrick Esser ◽  
Oliver Bushnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Global Norms ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Fitness Levels

ObjectivesTo establish pupil fitness levels, and the relationship to global norms and physical education (PE) enjoyment. To measure and describe physical activity (PA) levels during secondary school PE lessons, in the context of recommended levels, and how levels vary with activity and lesson type.MethodsA cross-sectional design; 10 697 pupils aged 12.5 (SD 0.30) years; pupils who completed a multistage fitness test and wore accelerometers to measure PA during PE lessons. Multilevel models estimated fitness and PE activity levels, accounting for school and class-level clustering.ResultsCardiorespiratory fitness was higher in boys than girls (ß=−0.48; 95% CI −0.56 to −0.39, p<0.001), within absolute terms 51% of boys and 54% of girls above the 50th percentile of global norms. On average, pupils spent 23.8% of PE lessons in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and 7.1% in vigorous PA (VPA). Fitness-focused lessons recorded most VPA in co-educational (ß=1.09; 95% CI 0.43 to 1.74) and boys-only lessons (ß=0.32; 95% CI −0.21 to 0.85). In girls-only lessons, track athletics recorded most VPA (ß=0.13; 95% CI −0.50 to 0.75) and net/wall/racket games (ß=0.97; 95% CI 0.12 to 1.82) the most MVPA. For all lesson types, field athletics was least active (ß=−0.85; 95% CI −1.33 to −0.36). There was a relationship of enjoyment of PE to fitness (ß=1.03; 95% CI 0.83 to 1.23), and this relationship did not vary with sex (ß=−0.14 to 0.23; 95% CI −0.16 to 0.60).ConclusionsPE lessons were inactive compared with current guidelines. We propose that if we are to continue to develop a range of sporting skills in schools at the same time as increasing levels of fitness and PA, there is a need to introduce additional sessions of PE activity focused on increasing physical activity.Trial registration numberNCT03286725.

scholarly journals Multi-Component Physical Activity Interventions in the UK Must Consider Determinants of Activity to Increase Effectiveness

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Mark A. Faghy ◽  
Kirsty E. Armstrong-Booth ◽  
Vicki Staples ◽  
Micheal J. Duncan ◽  
Clare M. P. Roscoe
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
School Setting ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Light Activity ◽  
The Uk

Interventions to increase physical activity in children have adopted broad approaches and achieved varying success. There is a need to adopt approaches underpinned with a theoretical basis. Accordingly, the aim here was to implement and evaluate a 12-week intervention designed using the concepts of the COM-B model to determine the effect this has on physical activity levels. One hundred and forty-seven school-age children (mean age 8.9 ± 1.3 years) took part in a 12-week program delivered in a school setting. Topics included physical activity, healthy eating, sleep quality and reducing screen time/sedentary activities when not in school. A sample of participants wore a wrist-worn accelerometer for seven days pre-and post-intervention (N = 11). The physical activity frequency was unchanged (2.9 ± 1.0 AU) when compared with post-intervention values (3.1 ± 0.8 AU, mean increase 6.8 ± 3.7%, p > 0.05). Changes were observed in the daily consumption of fruit and vegetables (pre-intervention 44.6% vs. post-intervention 60.2%, p < 0.05). Sedentary time, light activity, moderate activity and vigorous activity were unchanged post-intervention (p > 0.05). There is a need to adopt a broader approach that incorporates a theoretical basis and considers the complex ways by which physical activity behaviours are influenced.

scholarly journals Association of daily composition of physical activity and sedentary behaviour with incidence of cardiovascular disease in older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manasa S. Yerramalla ◽  
Duncan E. McGregor ◽  
Vincent T. van Hees ◽  
Aurore Fayosse ◽  
Aline Dugravot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Movement Behaviour ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Daily Movement ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Current Duration

Abstract Background Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is proposed as key for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) prevention. At older ages, the role of sedentary behaviour (SB) and light intensity physical activity (LIPA) remains unclear. Evidence so far is based on studies examining movement behaviours as independent entities ignoring their co-dependency. This study examines the association between daily composition of objectively-assessed movement behaviours (MVPA, LIPA, SB) and incident CVD in older adults. Methods Whitehall II accelerometer sub-study participants free of CVD at baseline (N = 3319, 26.7% women, mean age = 68.9 years in 2012–2013) wore a wrist-accelerometer from which times in SB, LIPA, and MVPA during waking period were extracted over 7 days. Compositional Cox regression was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for incident CVD for daily compositions of movement behaviours characterized by 10 (20 or 30) minutes greater duration in one movement behaviour accompanied by decrease in another behaviour, while keeping the third behaviour constant, compared to reference composition. Analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, cardiometabolic risk factors and multimorbidity index. Results Of the 3319 participants, 299 had an incident CVD over a mean (SD) follow-up of 6.2 (1.3) years. Compared to daily movement behaviour composition with MVPA at recommended 21 min per day (150 min/week), composition with additional 10 min of MVPA and 10 min less SB was associated with smaller risk reduction – 8% (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87–0.99) – than the 14% increase in risk associated with a composition of similarly reduced time in MVPA and more time in SB (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.02–1.27). For a given MVPA duration, the CVD risk did not differ as a function of LIPA and SB durations. Conclusions Among older adults, an increase in MVPA duration at the expense of time in either SB or LIPA was found associated with lower incidence of CVD. This study lends support to public health guidelines encouraging increase in MVPA or at least maintain MVPA at current duration.

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