Ecological correlates of Spanish preschoolers’ physical activity and sedentary behaviours during structured movement sessions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1356336X2098263
Author(s):  
Sara Lahuerta-Contell ◽  
Javier Molina-García ◽  
Ana Queralt ◽  
María del Mar Bernabé-Villodre ◽  
Vladimir E Martínez-Bello
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Free Exploration ◽  
Sedentary Behaviours ◽  
Lesson Context ◽  
The Individual

From an ecological perspective that understands health behaviours to be the result of interactions between personal, psychosocial and environmental factors, different authors have described patterns and correlations between physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviours (SB) in physical education (PE). However, to our knowledge there have been no systematic evaluations of the PA levels and patterns during structured movement sessions in preschool children in Spain. Therefore, the aims of this study were: (a) to identify the individual, social and environmental factors that influence PA levels and patterns during structured movement sessions; (b) to assess PA and SB levels during these sessions in a preschool population in our country; and (c) to validate the use of the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT) in Spanish preschoolers to assess PA and SB levels, using accelerometry as the reference method. Our major findings were that: (a) young children were physically active for more than 60% of the structured movement sessions; (b) boys were significantly more active than girls; (c) the lesson context of free play was associated with low levels of SB; (d) solitary and borderline interaction patterns during structured movement sessions significantly increased moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA; (e) social interaction was generally between the same gender; and (f) teachers spent most of the time observing. This study also provides an argument for reconsidering the responsibilities of early childhood education institutions and practitioners in developing structured PA opportunities in the framework of free exploration and communication.

scholarly journals Are incremental changes in physical activity and sedentary behaviours associated with improved employee health?

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cath Jackson ◽  
Kiara Lewis ◽  
Mark Conner ◽  
Rebecca Lawton ◽  
Rosemary R.C. McEachan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sedentary Behaviours ◽  
Occupational Role ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions

Purpose – The workplace offers an ideal setting for facilitating physical activity and reducing sedentary behaviours. Understanding employees’ current health behaviours is required to inform appropriate, tailored, health promotion interventions. The purpose of this paper is to compare the physical activity and sedentary behaviours over 12 months of employees within and across five UK organisations. The paper also explores the association of these health behaviours with objective and self-reported health outcomes; and investigates the association between physical activity and sedentary behaviours. Design/methodology/approach – Self-reported physical activity and sedentary behaviours were recorded at four time points (baseline, three, six, 12 months). BMI, per cent body fat, waist circumference, blood pressure and resting heart rate were collected in health checks (baseline, 12 months). Well-being and health were collected via questionnaire. Findings – Low physical activity and high sedentariness were evident. Sitting levels varied by occupational role and organisation. More activity was associated with improved health outcomes; no association was evident for sedentary behaviour. No direct effects of occupational role or organisation on health outcomes emerged after accounting for physical activity/sedentary behaviours. Physical activity and sedentary levels were weakly associated. Practical implications – The low activity levels are of particular concern as linked to health outcomes for this sample. The weak association between behaviours suggests worksite interventions should target both behaviours. Originality/value – This study provides insight into both the physical activity and sedentary behaviours of employees of large UK employers across different occupational sectors over 12 months; importantly it is informed by the most recent guidance for these health behaviours.

Review of Ecological Approach Factors Affecting Physical Activity among Older People

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592110175
Author(s):  
Wonjung Noh ◽  
Ka Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Older People ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Health Perceptions ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
The Individual

This review aimed to investigate factors affecting physical activity among older people at the individual, social, and environmental levels based on an ecological approach. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Korean databases to identify all relevant studies that examined physical activity of older people using an ecological approach. Individual factors included socio-demographic characteristics, physical function components, and subjective health perceptions. Social factors included intimate relationships and social support. Environmental factors included physical living conditions, movement-related components, and policies and programs that affect the environment. This review analyzed the factors affecting physical activity of older people in three levels based on the ecological approach. This result provides a basis for managing, preventing, and promoting physical activity in older people based on an ecological approach and highlights the importance of environmental factors for improving physical activity among older people when applying foundational data for health prevention and management.

scholarly journals Investigating Obesity Related Behaviours in Friendship Networks Among the Youth: A Systemized Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Alsayed ◽  
Tillal Eldabi ◽  
Habin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Network Size ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Friendship Networks ◽  
Network Characteristics ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Effective Public Health

Background: An unhealthy diet, low levels of physical activity and increased participation in sedentary activities are important obesity-related behaviours that negatively impact the health of today’s youth. Friends’ health behaviours have been found to influence the individual health behaviours; however current evidence on the specific role of friendship networks on obesity-related behaviours are inconclusive. The purpose of this review is to profile the existing literature in an attempt to identify the associations between friendship networks and obesity-related behaviours among adolescents. Method: A systemized review of the literature was undertaken after a search of the Scopus database, a total of fifteen articles were eligible for inclusion. The selected publications assessed the association between friendship networks and obesity-related behaviours (diet, physical activity, and sedentary behaviour) among the youth. Results: There is consistent evidence that friends are similar in physical activity; evidence on diet and sedentary behaviour is mixed and limited. Friendship network characteristics seem to associated with obesity-related behaviours. Popularity (receiving ties) is likely to be associated with diet, network size and the proportion of active friends is tends to be associated with physical activity and finally, network density is associated with sedentary behaviour. Conclusion: Friendships are critical in shaping young people’s obesity-related behaviours. There is extensive research investigating friendship influences on diet physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Future studies should investigate whether friendship influence operates via other obesity-related behaviours that have not been explored yet such as sleep. Results from this review are informative for designing effective public health interventions because network-based promotion interventions have a promising potential. Keywords: social networks, friendship, diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, obesity

scholarly journals Factors influencing stroke patient adherence to physical activity: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fairuz Tasnim Dahlan Tabah ◽  
Razif Dasiman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Stroke Patient ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Searching Strategy ◽  
Study Characteristics ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Online Library

Stroke generally leads to physical problems, most commonly paralysis, cognitive, sensory, perceptual, and communication problem. During the recovery process, physical activity plays an important role in improving patients. However, physical inactivity among stroke patients is high, including those in the acute and chronic stage. The adherence of them towards exercise and rehabilitation therapy declined after discharge, thus lead to poor outcomes of recovery. To review the literature on the factors that influence stroke patients' adherence to physical activity and to identify the intrapersonal, interpersonal, and environmental factors that affect the adherence of stroke patients' towards physical activity. Four electronic databases (EBSCO: CINAHL Plus with Full text, Willey Online Library, and ScienceDirect) were searched from 2008 to 2019, reporting any factors that affecting stroke people participate in the physical activity. Articles were included if they examined the factors that influence stroke patients' adherence to physical activity and were written in English. The methodological quality of the studies was appraised using McMaster critical appraisal tools, and PRISMA guidelines were used for online searching strategy. A narrative summary of findings was undertaken reporting on individual study characteristics, country of origin, participants, and potential factors. 10 articles met the inclusion criteria. The intrapersonal factors include physical impairment, balance, and mobility, fear of falls, aging, forgetful, reduce in self-efficacy, and exercise benefits. Interpersonal factors were social support, lack of attendant and support from healthcare, physiotherapist, or gym trainer. Economic factors, transportation, and exercise facility were the environmental factors that influence stroke patient adherence to physical activity. These three factors were interrelated to change the individual perception towards exercise among stroke patients. This review enables the development of an intervention to improve participation in physical activity among stroke patients.

scholarly journals Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Participation in Physical Activity as Adolescents Transition to Secondary School: A Qualitative Inquiry

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7646
Author(s):  
Tomoko McGaughey ◽  
Janae Vlaar ◽  
Patti-Jean Naylor ◽  
Rhona M. Hanning ◽  
Lucy Le Mare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Qualitative Inquiry ◽  
School Factors ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Individual

The transition from elementary to secondary school is an emotionally and socially complex time when adverse behaviors appear, such as decreased levels of physical activity (PA). Behavioral and environmental factors that influence PA during this time are poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to identify factors that influence PA as adolescents transition to secondary school. Qualitative interviews were conducted with a sample of 27 ethnically diverse child–parent dyads within the public-school system in British Columbia, Canada (50% boys, 68% mothers, 25% White). The interviews probed for environmental and behavioral factors in school, family, and social contexts that potentially initiated changes in PA, specifically related to the adolescents’ transitions. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analyses identified factors at the individual, social, familial, and school levels that may trigger adolescents to change their participation in PA as they transition from elementary to secondary school. Twenty-two factors emerged from the qualitative analysis including school factors (8), household factors (3), social factors (4), and intrapersonal factors (7). These findings contribute to a better understanding of adolescents’ PA behaviors and highlight the influence of changing environments as they transition from elementary school to secondary school.

scholarly journals Health behaviours of young adults during the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic – a longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Czenczek- Lewandowska ◽  
Justyna Wyszyńska ◽  
Justyna Leszczak ◽  
Joanna Baran ◽  
Aneta Weres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Sedentary Behaviours ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents

Abstract Background The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic has created a number of obstacles to daily functioning, which have led to a need for major changes in lifestyles. The aim of the study was to assess whether and to what extent the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic has affected the health behaviours of young adults. Methods 506 people aged 18 to 34 ($$ \overline{x} $$ x ¯ =24.67 years ±4.23 years) who filled in an online survey were qualified for the study. Assessment was made of eating habits (a modified Food Frequency Questionnaire, FFQ), physical activity and sedentary behaviours (International Physical Activity Questionnaire, short form IPAQ-SF), sleep quality (The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI), and generalized anxiety (Generalized anxiety Disorder, 7-item, GAD-7 scale). Results During the pandemic, young adults changed their dietary preferences toward sweets and cereal products, increased alcohol (p < 0.001) and fat (p = 0.005) intake, significantly reduced their physical activity (from 8752.5 metabolic equivalents (MET) min/week vs. 6174.6 MET min/week, p < 0.001), increased the time spent sedentarily (Me = 240 min vs. Me = 360 min, p < 0.001) and had decreased sleep quality (PSQI score Me = 7.00 vs. Me = 9.00). Conclusions The Covid-19 pandemic worsened health behaviours and intensified the feeling of generalized anxiety in young adults. Generalized anxiety during obligatory lockdown had the greatest negative impact on sedentary behaviours and sleep quality.

scholarly journals The Influence of Physical Education Lesson Context and Teacher Behaviour on Student Physical Activity in Mexico (La influencia del contexto de la clase de Educación física y de los comportamientos docentes en la actividad física de los alumnos en México)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
Hoda Gharib ◽  
Karla Galavíz ◽  
Rebecca E. Lee ◽  
Margarita Safdie ◽  
Lizbeth Tolentino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Intensity ◽  
Game Play ◽  
Teacher Behaviour ◽  
Activity Intensity ◽  
Lesson Context

Abstract. Objective: To explore the influence of physical education (PE) lesson context and teacher behaviour on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in Mexican children during PE class. Methods: Trained observers rated the physical activity intensity (lying down, sitting, standing, walking, vigorous movement) of 232 students from grades 3 to 5, PE lesson context (management, general knowledge, fitness knowledge, fitness, skill practice, game play, free play), and teacher behaviour (promoting fitness, demonstrating, instructing, observing, managing, other task) during PE class in 20 public elementary schools in Mexico City using the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT). Regressions with backward elimination were conducted. Results: Class duration was on average 33.6 minutes (SD=7.9). Boys (M=14.8 min, SD=6.8) spent more time in MVPA than girls (M=12.6 min, SD=6.1; p<.01). For boys, a model including game play (b= 1.04, p<.001), skill practice (b=.54, p<.01), and fitness (b =.53, p<.05) explained 45% of the variance in MVPA (p<.05). For girls, a model including fitness (b= .49, p<.05), fitness knowledge (b= .19, p<.05), and other task (b=.35, p<.05) explained 38% of the variance in MVPA (p<.05). Conclusion: Strategies and policies aimed at improving child physical activity levels during PE class should endorse the effective instruction and execution of fitness, game play, skill practice and PE lesson contexts.Resumen. Objetivo: Explorar la influencia del contexto de las clases de educación física (EF) y el comportamiento del maestro en la actividad física moderada-vigorosa (AFMV) en niños mexicanos. Métodos: Usando el método Sistema de Observación del Tiempo de Instrucción de la condición Física (SOFIT). Observadores entrenados midieron la intensidad de la actividad física (acostado, sentado, de pie, caminando, movimiento vigoroso) de 232 estudiantes de 3ro a 5to grado, el contexto de la clase, (gestión, conocimiento general, conocimiento de la condición física, condición física, práctica de habilidades, juego, juego libre), y el comportamiento del maestro (promoción de la condición física, demostración, instrucción, observación, gestión, otra tarea) durante la clase de EF en 20 escuelas públicas de educación primaria de la ciudad de México mediante el SOFIT. Se llevaron a cabo regresiones múltiples. Resultados: La duración promedio de las clases observadas fue de 33,6 minutos (DE = 7,9). Los niños (M = 14,8 min, DE = 6,8) pasaron más tiempo en AFMV que las niñas (M = 12,6 min, DE = 6,1; p <0,01). En niños, el tiempo de clase dedicado al juego (β= 1.04, p <.001), la práctica de habilidades (β = .54, p <.01) y la condición física (β = .53, p <.05) explico el 45% de la varianza en AFMV (p <.05). En niñas, el tiempo de clase dedicado a la condición física (β= .49, p <.05), al conocimiento sobre la condición física (β= .19, p <.05), y otras tarea (β= .35, p <.05) explico  el 38% de la varianza en AFMV (p <.05).Para los niños, un modelo incluyendo el juego (b = 1,04, p <0,001), el desarrollo de habilidades prácticas (b = 0,54, p <0,01), y la condición física (b = 0,53, p <0,05) explicaron el 45% de la varianza en AFMV (p <0,05). Para las niñas, un modelo incluyendo la condición física (b = 0,49, p <0,05), el conocimiento de la condición física (b = 0,19, p <0,05), y otras tarea (b = 0,35, p <0,05) explican el 38% de la varianza en AFMV (p <0,05). Conclusión: Las estrategias y políticas encaminadas a la mejora de los niveles de actividad física de los niños durante la clase de EF deben suscribir la enseñanza efectiva y la promoción de la condición física, el juego, y el desarrollo de las habilidades prácticas.

scholarly journals Living and Eating Behavior before and after Metabolic Surgery in Romanian Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
Mihai IONESCU ◽  
◽  
Radu Mihail MIRICA ◽  
Razvan IOSIFESCU ◽  
Andrei VACARASU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Metabolic Surgery ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
The Individual

Introduction: Obesity is currently an endemic problem worldwide largely caused by an environment that promotes excessive food consumption and discourages physical activity. The sources of obesity are directly related to two areas: genetic and environmental factors, which constantly interact in the regulation of body weight. Aim: Through this research, it was aimed to evaluate the typical profile of the individual who uses metabolic surgery and the degree of physical and psychological satisfaction after such an intervention. Materials and methods: The patients introduced in the study are from personal cases, in number of about 1130, operated during 9 years. Of these, 122 represented the basis for the analysis and had to answer 37 questions in a preoperative questionnaire and 34 questions in a postoperative one and we extracted 15 questions from each of the questionnaire. Results: Statistics show that there was an improvement in quality of life as reported by 77.78% of interviewers, libido and sexual quality were improved in 44% of the included patients and a level of stress considered responsible for food hyperapetitis in only about 43% of respondents. Conclusions: Improving the quality of life is directly related to weight loss. In addition, there is a correlation between improving the quality of life and improving sex life or increasing the frequency of exercise. Metabolic surgery must be understood with all the benefits it generates.

The appeal of and interest in Nordic walking in the opinion of 9-18-year-old pupils from selected Tricity schools

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata Pogorzelska ◽  
Tomasz Frolowicz ◽  
Pawel Drobnik ◽  
Agnieszka Cybulska ◽  
Iwona Bonislawska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Health Behaviours ◽  
Nordic Walking ◽  
Natural Form

AbstractBackground: The purpose of the research was to check opinions of students of various stages of education in the Pomeranian province about the attractiveness of Nordic Walking in comparison with other activities.Material/Methods: About 500 intentionally selected students participated in the survey. These were students of 11-18 years of age. Half of them participated in Nordic walking PE lessons. The researched students’ schools were localized in the Pomeranian province in Poland. Methods of a diagnostic survey using two questionnaires were applied. The first one was used to assess the level of students’ physical activity and was also used to research health behaviours of children and adolescents in Europe (HBSC). The second one - our own - was created to asses the attractiveness of Nordic walking. In the first part, the subjects ranked Nordic walking in comparison with other forms of physical activity. In the second part, they declared eagerness to attend such lessons.Results: The collected data imply a vast diversity of students’ opinions about the attractiveness of Nordic walking in comparison with other forms of physical activity and indicate the need to do research in the area of students’ preferences in planning PE lessons at school.Conclusions: It seems that in subsequent years of education, NW will gain followers among this group because it is a natural form of movement, whose health effects are starting to be seen not only by teachers but also by students

Physiological and Hereditary Hyperbilirubinemia in Athletes: Role in Reducing Efficiency and Correction Methodology

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 386-393
Author(s):  
L. M. Gunina ◽  
◽  
Kazys Mylashyus ◽  
Voitenko V. L. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
The Body ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Bilirubin Metabolism ◽  
The Individual

Under high-intensity loads, the athlete's bodies take place a number of biochemical reactions and physiological processes that can lead to hyperbilirubinemia. The factors that can initiate the onset of this phenomenon include the syndrome of micro-damage muscle, violation of the integrity of erythrocyte membranes, decreased blood pH, malnutrition and increase oxygen demand of the body. Degree of expression of manifestations of physiological bilirubinemia depends on the level of adaptation of the athlete to the physical activities offered. Hyperbilirubinemia in athletes can be one of the components of the deterioration of the functional state, forming the symptoms of endogenous intoxication. The relevance of this problem in sport lies in the relatively low detection rate of hyperbilirubinemia due to the lack of regular screening studies. However, in drawing up a plan of nutritional- metabolic support for training and competitive activity and recovery measures, must not only the individual reaction of the athlete body to physical activity, but also the severity of shifts in the indicators of bilirubin metabolism and their ratio. The article describes the reasons for the increase in bilirubin levels, which can be caused by both the effect of physical activity and by the presence of pathological processes in athletes. The factors influencing the blood serum’s bilirubin content are also highlighted, which include the state of erythrocyte cell membranes and the rate of hemoglobin destruction, the functional state of the liver, the specifics of physical loads and the use of ergogenic pharmacological agents by athletes. Particular accent has been placed on the illumination of hereditary hyperbilirubinemias, which may have been detected at the stage of selection of athletes. The most common phenomenon is Gilbert's syndrome, which occurs in 2-5% of cases in the general population, is characterized in the clinic by a benign flow and is manifested by episodes of jaundice and an increase in total bilirubin content to moderate values due to indirect. The frequency of detection of hyperbilirubinemias in the population of athletes is 4.68%, among which Gilbert's disease accounts for almost half (48.7%). Conclusion. The work highlighted the pathogenesis and diagnostic algorithm of Gilbert's disease, and also emphasized that its drug prevention and correction in athletes to maintain functional and physical fitness should be carried out taking into account anti-doping rules, which requires upon diagnosis timely receipt of a therapeutic exclusion

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