scholarly journals Datafied Citizens in the Age of Coerced Digital Participation

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Barassi
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
New Type ◽  
Economic Infrastructure ◽  
Data Surveillance ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
The Relationship

This article explores the relationship between surveillance capitalism, big data, and the emergence of a new type of datafied citizenship by looking at two different, yet interconnected, dimensions. In the first place, it considers how under surveillance capitalism individuals are being profiled simultaneously as consumer and citizen subjects by a complex political economic infrastructure that brings private and public entities together. In the second place, it argues that surveillance capitalism depends on the systematic coercion of digital participation, which forces citizens to comply with data technologies and give up their personal data. If we want to understand the extent of these transformation, the article argues, we need to look at children. Children have traditionally been excluded from debates about citizenship because they have often been understood as not-yet citizens or future citizens. Yet, in the study of the relationship between data and citizenship, children today are the key. They are the very first generation of citizens who are datafied from before they are born and are coerced into digitally participating to society through the data traces produced, collected, and processed by others without their consent or control. Drawing on the findings of the Child | Data | Citizen project, an ethnographically informed research project on big data and family life in the UK and US, this article will highlight some of the democratic challenges that emerge when we think about data, surveillance capitalism, and citizenship in everyday life.

Evaluation of Big Data within the Context of the Protection of Personal Data and Competition Law

2020 ◽  
pp. 219-246
Author(s):  
Fatma Arvas
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
Market Strategy ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
Personal Rights ◽  
Foreign Law ◽  
The Relationship

In order to sustain their presence in the market, personal data acquirers must obtain, store, and process personal data from sources that feed data such as social media shares, shopping records, and sensor networks. On the other hand, the problem of conformity of real and legal persons whose personal data are processed within the framework of personal data law brings about many legal problems and requires a profound research rather than a limited examination. The fact that a small number of enterprises create dominant power by using big data in market strategy has led to data-dependent companies or markets. Due to the effects that big data caused in the market, there is a need to address many problems in the field of competition law as well as the dimension of privacy and personal rights. In this context, the conflict of interest between the economic interest created by big data and the legal principles of personal data will be addressed and compared with regard to Turkish law and foreign law practices by discussing the relationship between big data and competition law.

scholarly journals OS BIG DATA E OS DADOS PESSOAIS ENTRE OS PRINCÍPIOS DA PROTEÇÃO E DA INOVAÇÃO

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-245
Author(s):  
Célia Zolynski
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
Personal Data Protection ◽  
Internet Regulation ◽  
New Type ◽  
General Data

Objective ”“ The article contrasts the problem of Big Data with the possibilities and limits of personal data protection. It is an original contribution to the academic discussion about the regulation of the Internet and the management of algorithms, focusing on Big Data. Methodology/approach/design ”“ The article provides bibliographic research on the opposition between Big Data and personal data protection, focusing on European Union law and French law. From the research is possible to identify regulatory alternatives do Big Data, whether legal-administrative nature or technological nature. Findings ”“ The article enlightens that, in addition to the traditional regulatory options, based on the law, there are technological options for regulating Big Data and algorithms. The article goes through an analysis of administrative performance, such as France’s CNIL (Commission nationale informatique et libertés, CNIL), to show that it has limits. Thus, the article concludes that there is a need to build a new type of regulation, one that is open to the inputs of regulated parties and civil society, in the form of new co-regulatory arrangements. Practical implications ”“ The article has an obvious application since the production of legal solutions for Internet regulation requires combining them with technological solutions. Brazil and several Latin American countries are experiencing this agenda, as they are building institutions and solutions to solve the dilemma of personal data protection. Originality/value ”“ The article clarifies several parts of the General Data Protection Regulation (EU Regulation 2016/679) and its applicability to Big Data. These new types of data processing impose several legal and regulatory challenges, whose solutions cannot be trivial and will rely on new theories and practices.

scholarly journals Uso de correo electrónico para analizar la comunicación bilateral aplicando Big Data y Regresión Lineal Simple

2019 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Luz María Hernández-Cruz ◽  
Diana Concepción Mex-Alvarez ◽  
Guadalupe Manuel Estrada-Segovia ◽  
Margarita Castillo-Tellez
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Productive Labor ◽  
Working Groups ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Academic Group

Currently, the email is the most used network service as a means of communication for sending and receiving messages and files. The objective of this study is to perform an analysis of institutional emails by applying a strategic that ensures the existence of a bilateral communication between the employees. The research is of applied type, which will allow to predict assertive working groups with prosperous and productive labor relations. The study integrates the application of a Technological Big Data tool called Immersion and the analysis of a Simple Linear Regression (PLS) model using Microsoft Office Excel. The adapted methodology is composed of three phases: first, the "Data Collection" where a large volume of data is collected (personal data) from an institutional email account for the case study, then we have the "Analysis" where a simple linear regression model is constructed to analyze the relationship between the collected data and finally, the "Interpretation" where the obtained results are explained. Having important applications such as the integration of academic group, thematic networks, disciplinary committees or collaborative members in projects.

Modernization of Universities through Greater Interaction with Small Firms

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Tilley ◽  
David Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explores the ‘best practice’ interactions between universities and small firms in the UK. The purpose is to identify ways in which a university can build stronger and more effective links with small firms. The relationship between universities and small firms is of growing importance. There are political, economic and educational pressures which influence the behaviour and relationship of higher education toward the business sector, and small firms in particular. The wider context of the changes taking place within higher education are discussed. This is followed by the initial findings from a recently completed research project for the Council for Industry and Higher Education which investigated the foremost components in ‘best practice’ interactions and linkages between small firms and universities in the North East of England. Some preliminary ideas are suggested on how best practice can be further facilitated. These proposals are then interpreted in terms of the operational implications for universities and other strategic organizations involved in building linkages with small firms.

scholarly journals Information Privacy, Data Surveillance and Security--How Aus-tralian Privacy Law Fully Plays Its Role in the Age of Big Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Jiexin Zang
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Information Privacy ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Personal Privacy ◽  
Privacy Law ◽  
Data Surveillance

Privacy and the protection of privacy is a common topic studied by many scholars. From the very beginning of human culture, people have personal privacy, which is not willing for them to be unveiled by others. With the development of information technology, especially the internet, knowledge and information are dealt by internet users in conscious or unconscious way, and personal information has been rapidly and quickly distributed and disseminated all over the world. Personal data can be collected by hackers or interlinks from the website, internet not only provides people an era with internet links, but also an age with information collections, a big data age. With the background of big data, this essay tries to put forward the correlative relationship between the protection of information privacy and the privacy law in Australia. It first has an overview of the concepts of information privacy and data surveillance under the background of big data, then highlights the importance of data security in the age of big data; with a literature review on the development of Australian privacy acts, it further claims that privacy acts or regulations by the federal or states provided strong support for the protection of personal data. Then relationship between the protection information privacy and the need of judicial guarantee is further studied for thorough methods or regimes in data protection. With these points studied, this essay aims to highlight the importance of data protection and information privacy. On the other hand, it aims to provide awareness for readers the vital role privacy laws can play in the protection of people’s personal information and emphases the importance of a continuous evolution for privacy law system in the age of big data.

scholarly journals The Problems of the Legal Regulation of Big Data

Legal Concept ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Alexey Churilov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Processing Information ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Big Data Technology

Introduction: the development of technologies for collecting and processing information gave rise to the emergence of a recent phenomenon on the market – Big Data, which is in a certain conflict with the current legislation on personal data. Objective: to study the problems and features of the legal regulation of Big Data considering their technological features. Methods: the methodological basis of the study is a set of methods of scientific knowledge, among which the primary place is occupied by the methods of historicism, systematic method, analysis. Results: the problems of compliance of the current regulation of relations regarding personal data with the realities of the technological development of society were analyzed, including the compliance of Big Data technology with the general principles of processing personal data, reflected in both domestic and foreign legislation. Conclusions: the author concludes that regulation of personal data lags the needs of entrepreneurs using Big Data in their work, and the need for a careful choice of a model for the legal regulation of relations arising from the use of this technology to achieve a balance of private and public interests.

scholarly journals Using big data analytics to explore the relationship between government stringency and preventative social behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Al-Zubaidy ◽  
Roberto Fernandez Crespo ◽  
Sarah Jones ◽  
Reza Drikvandi ◽  
Lisa Gould ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Surrogate Measure ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Relationship

We evaluated the association between preventative social behaviour and government stringency. Additionally, we sought to evaluate the influence of additional factors including time, need to protect others (using the reported number of COVID-19 deaths as a surrogate measure) and reported confidence in government handling of the COVID-19 pandemic. We used repeated national cross-sectional surveys the UK over the course of 41 weeks from 1st April 2020 to January 28th, 2021, including a total of 38,092 participants. Preventative social behaviour and government stringency index scores were significantly associated on linear regression analyses (R2 =0.6468, p<0.001, and remained significant after controlling for the effect of reported COVID-19 deaths, confidence in government handling of the pandemic, and time (R2=0.898, p<0.001). Longitudinal data suggest that government stringency is an effective tool in promoting preventative social behaviour in the fight against COVID-19.  

scholarly journals Degrees of Freedom, Dimensions of Power

Daedalus ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yochai Benkler
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
First Generation ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Data Surveillance ◽  
Internet Design ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The original Internet design combined technical, organizational, and cultural characteristics that decentralized power along diverse dimensions. Decentralized institutional, technical, and market power maximized freedom to operate and innovate at the expense of control. Market developments have introduced new points of control. Mobile and cloud computing, the Internet of Things, fiber transition, big data, surveillance, and behavioral marketing introduce new control points and dimensions of power into the Internet as a social-cultural-economic platform. Unlike in the Internet's first generation, companies and governments are well aware of the significance of design choices, and are jostling to acquire power over, and appropriate value from, networked activity. If we are to preserve the democratic and creative promise of the Internet, we must continuously diagnose control points as they emerge and devise mechanisms of recreating diversity of constraint and degrees of freedom in the network to work around these forms of reconcentrated power.

Legal Responses to the Commodification of Personal Data in the Era of Big Data

2016 ◽  
pp. 130-139
Author(s):  
Emile Douilhet ◽  
Argyro P. Karanasiou
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
New Information ◽  
Legal Responses ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Data Market ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Legal Grounds

Big Data is a relatively recent phenomenon, but has already shown its potential to drastically alter the relationship between businesses, individuals, and governments. Many organisations now control vast amounts of raw data, and those industry players with the resources to mine that data to create new information have a significant advantage in the big data market. The aim of this chapter is to identify the legal grounds for the ownership of big data: who legally owns the petabytes and exabytes of information created daily? Does this belong to the users, the data analysts, or to the data brokers and various infomediaries? The chapter presents a succinct overview of the legal ownership of big data by examining the key players in control of the information at each stage of processing of big data. It then moves on to describe the current legislative framework with regard to data protection and concludes in additional techno-legal solutions offered to complement the law of big data in this respect.

scholarly journals Key Points for an Ethical Evaluation of Healthcare Big Data

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Leon-Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Group Identification ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Bioethical Debate ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The article studies specific ethical issues arising from the use of big data in Life Sciences and Healthcare. Methods: Main consensus documents, other studies, and particular cases are analyzed. Results: New concepts that emerged in five key areas for the bioethical debate on big data and health are identified—the accuracy and validity of data and algorithms, questions related to transparency and confidentiality in the use of data; aspects that raise the coding or pseudonymization and the anonymization of data, and also problems derived from the possible individual or group identification; the new ways of obtaining consent for the transfer of personal data; the relationship between big data and the responsibility of professional decision; and the commitment of the Institutions and Public Administrations. Conclusions: Good practices in the management of big data related to Life Sciences and Healthcare depend on respect for the rights of individuals, the improvement that these practices can introduce in assistance to individual patients, the promotion of society’s health in general and the advancement of scientific knowledge.

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