Typical effects of occupants’ behaviour on indoor air-conditioned environments in the hot summer and cold winter region of China

2020 ◽  
pp. 1420326X1990064
Author(s):  
Biao Yan ◽  
Xi Meng ◽  
Jinlong Ouyang ◽  
Enshen Long
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Characteristic Temperature ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Door Opening ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
The Relationship

This paper examines the effects of occupants’ behaviour on the thermal environment in air-conditioned rooms. Typical occupants’ behaviours were determined from survey results in the hot summers and cold winters region of China. The temperature setpoint, intermittent operation and door opening were determined as influencing factors in a theoretical model for maintaining thermal comfort with minimal energy consumption. The concepts of the temperature change index and characteristic temperature were introduced to predict the relationship between the indoor thermal environment and occupants’ behaviour. The model was validated with empirical experiments and numerical simulations. The results indicated that continuous opening of doors and windows in air-conditioned rooms would increase the energy consumption that is needed to maintain a desirable indoor thermal environment. The average indoor temperature at 25°C setpoint heating temperature with the door open at 90° was found equal to the average indoor setpoint temperature of 22°C with the door open at 45°. The relative effects of the tested occupants’ behaviours were also evaluated.

scholarly journals Energy-saving potential of intermittent heating system: Influence of composite phase change wall and optimization strategy

2020 ◽  
pp. 014459872096921
Author(s):  
Yanru Li ◽  
Enshen Long ◽  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Xiangyu Dong ◽  
Suo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Indoor Thermal Comfort ◽  
Intermittent Heating

In the Yangtze River zone of China, the heating operation in buildings is mainly part-time and part-space, which could affect the indoor thermal comfort while making the thermal process of building envelope different. This paper proposed to integrate phase change material (PCM) to building walls to increase the indoor thermal comfort and attenuate the temperature fluctuations during intermittent heating. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of this kind of composite phase change wall (composite-PCW) on the indoor thermal environment and energy consumption of intermittent heating, and further develop an optimization strategy of intermittent heating operation by using EnergyPlus simulation. Results show that the indoor air temperature of the building with the composite-PCW was 2–3°C higher than the building with the reference wall (normal foamed concrete wall) during the heating-off process. Moreover, the indoor air temperature was higher than 18°C and the mean radiation temperature was above 20°C in the first 1 h after stopping heating. Under the optimized operation condition of turning off the heating device 1 h in advance, the heat release process of the composite-PCW to the indoor environment could maintain the indoor thermal environment within the comfortable range effectively. The composite-PCW could decrease 4.74% of the yearly heating energy consumption compared with the reference wall. The optimization described can provide useful information and guidance for the energy saving of intermittently heated buildings.

The Experimental Study on the Effects of Supply Air Angle on Indoor Thermal Environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 548-549 ◽  
pp. 584-587
Author(s):  
Ze Qin Liu ◽  
Ge Li ◽  
Yun Su
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Temperature Field ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Human Thermal Comfort ◽  
Main Activity

Different indoor thermal environment was affected by the different supply air parameters. In this paper, the indoor temperature field and PMV value in the conditions of different supply air angles were studied to explore the influence of indoor thermal environment and human thermal comfort affected by the varied supply air angles. The experimental results showed that the average temperature of indoor air and the temperature gradient of personnel main activity area increased with increasing the supply air angel. In contrast, a relatively comfortable indoor thermal environment could be formed with the supply air angel between 0°to 15°.

scholarly journals Evaluating energy consumption, indoor air quality, and student productivity

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-290
Author(s):  
Zulai Jarmai Baba-Girei ◽  
Binta Fatima Yahaya ◽  
Ruth Rakiya Martins
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
The World ◽  
Balancing Energy ◽  
A Current

Smart energy conservation research is gaining traction in a variety of industries throughout the world. The current research is projected to cut energy consumption in the construction sector, which has already reached 49% globally and is expected to rise by 2% annually, costing millions of dollars per month. Balancing energy savings with thermal satisfaction is a current difficulty, as most researchers have concentrated on attaining energy savings without reaching the thermal contentment of the occupant, which could pose a health risk to both young and old occupants. To address the problem, we conducted empirical studies with 193 participants in the Northern part of Nigeria, where they were exposed to an indoor temperature of 22°C to determine their thermal environment, choice and comfort votes, viewed and favored control, and overall thermal satisfaction, which will help calculate and define the unused thermal satisfaction thermostat and later.

Study on Indoor Thermal Environment of Collection Multi-Layer Settlement Residential Building in Winter—Take the Herdsmen Settlement in Western Mountain Grassland as an Example

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Jingyuan Zhao ◽  
Jiaping Liu ◽  
Ming Chang
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Comfort Index ◽  
Mountain Grassland ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
The Relationship

This study aimed to analyze the winter indoor thermal environment of collection multi-layer settlement residential building in China’s western mountain grassland area. The method of analysis is field testing and data calculation, include indoor air temperature and humidity, outdoor air temperature and humidity, thermal comfort index. The result shows the relationship between indoor thermal environment, envelope materials, heating methods, location of rooms and building type. In addition, the influence was quantified in 0~11 °C in winter. Finally, advice put forward to promote the indoor thermal environment.

scholarly journals Study on energy loss and thermal environment through door open while air conditioner running

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 06035
Author(s):  
Sihwan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Air Conditioner ◽  
Air Conditioners ◽  
Cooling Period ◽  
Closed State

While air conditioner is running, opening doors and windows is a great way to reduce operating efficiency and undermine the air conditioning system’s ability to bring the indoor to a comfortable temperature. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the heat loss and thermal environment through the door open while air conditioner running. To achieve this goal, using full-scale measurement with the commercial store during the cooling period, the infiltration rate, thermal environment and energy consumption of air conditioners with door opened and door closed state were measured. The measured results show that the infiltration rate at the door opened state was increased by about 21.3 times compared to the door closed state. When the set temperature of the air conditioner was 24 °C, the room temperature in the opening gate cooling was measured to be about 5 °C higher than the closing gate cooling. However, the energy consumption was measured approximately 12 kWh/day and there was no difference with door state. This means that the energy consumption is not increased if the indoor air temperature would not reach the set point temperature of air conditioner.

scholarly journals Research on Annual Thermal Environment of Non-Hvac Building Regulated by Window-to-Wall Ratio in a Chinese City (Chenzhou)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6637
Author(s):  
Jiayu Li ◽  
Bohong Zheng ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Yihua Zhou ◽  
Jifa Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Meteorological Station ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Thermal Perception ◽  
Material Parameters ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Chinese City

As the window-to-wall ratio, a microclimatic factor in residential districts, regulates the indoor thermal environment and implicates the energy consumption, this research was aimed at interpreting the microclimate effects of the window-to-wall ratio on the indoor thermal environment of the non-Hvac building located in the block from the view of a full year. Urban built parameters and building material parameters applied in Chenzhou were investigated, with the ENVI-met model serving as the analytical tool calculating the meteorological data recorded in the local national meteorological station. The thermal perception criterion of Chenzhou citizens was investigated, and thermal isotherms were employed to interpret the thermal perception distribution throughout the year. Analytical results revealed that the annual indoor thermal environment would deteriorate along with the growth of the window-to-wall ratio in Chenzhou, with the very hot thermal perception environment covering the months from March to October once the window-to-wall ratio outnumbered 60.00%. Furthermore, the hot and very hot thermal perception environments originated in the ranges of 0.00% to 20.00% and that of 20.00% to 40.00%, respectively. Furthermore, if the window-to-wall ratios (WWRs) outnumbered 40%, their effects on the indoor thermal perception environment would gradually decrease and be powerless once that exceeded 80%.

Analysis and Test on Indoor Thermal Environment of Tibetan-Style Dwellings of Different Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 1632-1638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Physical Environment ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Rammed Earth ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Indoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Earth Walls

Field tests for indoor thermal environment of Tibetan-style dwellings of different materials in Shangri-La in winter were carried out from the perspective of physical environment of buildings, and more specifically, the indoor temperature of Tibetan-style dwellings with rammed earth walls and brick walls as well as the surface temperature of building envelope were tested and comparatively analyzed. The test results show the current situations and features of indoor temperature changes of Tibetan-style dwellings of different materials, which may provide a basis for improving the thermal environment of Tibetan-style dwellings.

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