scholarly journals Collaboration between community social services and healthcare institutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkan Källmén ◽  
Anders Hed ◽  
Tobias H. Elgán
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Substance Use Treatment ◽  
Action Plans ◽  
Stockholm County ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paper Version ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Background: Well-functioning care of people with substance use and psychiatric disorders presumes collaboration between different parties such as psychiatric care and substance use treatment centres, as well as social services. According to Swedish law, a collaborative individual plan, i.e., a written action plan to support structured inter-organisational collaboration, should be established. However, there are indications that such action plans are not used to a satisfactory extent. Aim: To explore current inter-organisational collaboration and use of collaborative individual plans among healthcare units and social services in Stockholm County. Design: The study uses a cross-sectional design. Participants ( N = 797) in a course specifically aimed at improving the knowledge and use of collaborative individual plans were invited to take part in the study prior to attending the course. A total of 705 participants accepted. Data were collected through an electronic questionnaire sent to each participant’s workplace. Non-respondents were offered a paper version to fill out. Results: Respondents reported participating in one to two collaborative individual plans per month and about 70% reported using a particular template. Respondents perceived mainly positive consequences of establishing a collaborative individual plan, for instance that it clarifies what measures are to be performed and who is responsible. Conclusions: Although respondents were generally positive about establishing a collaborative individual plan and the consequences thereof, they reported low use of such action plans.

scholarly journals Associations between psychoactive substance use and sensation seeking behavior among drivers in Norway

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragnhild Elén Gjulem Jamt ◽  
Hallvard Gjerde ◽  
Håvard Furuhaugen ◽  
Giovanni Romeo ◽  
Vigdis Vindenes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Polydrug Use ◽  
The North ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Psychoactive Substance Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale

Abstract BackgroundDrug use and risky driving is associated with sensation seeking. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between use of psychoactive substances and levels of the sensation seeking personality trait as measured with the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale 4 among drivers in Norway. MethodA cross-sectional design was applied to estimate the association between psychoactive substance use and sensation seeking behavior. Drivers in normal traffic were included in two roadside surveys: one in the north (September 2014 – October 2015) and the other in the south-east of Norway (April 2016 – April 2017). Oral fluid was analyzed for alcohol and psychoactive drugs, and data on sex, age and time of participation were recorded. Participants filled in the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale 4 questionnaire. ResultsA total of 8053 drivers were included, of which 32% were women and 62% were under 40 years. The prevalence of alcohol was 0.3%, stimulants 0.6%, tetrahydrocannabinol 1.4% and benzodiazepines and/or z-hypnotics 2.0% and polydrug use 0.6% Associations between the use of tetrahydrocannabinol or benzodiazepines and/or z-hypnotics and a low score on the “thrill and adventure seeking” domain of the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale 4 (OR = 1.723, 95% C.I. = 1.001- 2.966, p = 0.05) were found. Associations were also found between the use of stimulants and the highest scores on the “experience seeking” (OR = 2.085, 95% C.I. = 1.084-4.009, p = 0.028) and “disinhibition” (OR = 4.791, 95% C.I. =1.748-13.135, p = 0.002) domains of the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale 4. No associations were found between sensation seeking behavior and alcohol or polydrug use. ConclusionA high degree of sensation seeking was found among drivers who had used stimulants, in contrast to drives who had used tetrahydrocannabinol and benzodiazepines and/or z-hypnotics who showed a low degree of sensation seeking. The combination of sensation seeking behavior and the use of stimulants might lead to increased risky behavior and thus traffic crashes.

scholarly journals Executive functions and emotion regulation in substance use disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Bandeira Formiga ◽  
Melyssa Kellyane Cavalcanti Galdino ◽  
Selene Cordeiro Vasconcelos ◽  
Jayston W. J. Soares Neves ◽  
Murilo Duarte da Costa Lima
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tobacco Use Disorder ◽  
Multiple Substance ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

ABSTRACT Objective The executive functions (EF) and emotion regulation (ER) and their relationship with the substance use disorder (SUD) were analyzed. Methods A cross-sectional design was used. The sample consisted of 130 volunteers divided into three groups: group 01 (n = 60), composed of participants who did not meet the diagnostic criteria for any type of SUD; group 02 (n = 51), with users with alcohol and/or tobacco use disorder; group 03 (n = 19), with users with multiple substance use disorder, including at least one illicit substance. Results Group 02 presented worse performance in EF and ER when compared to group 01, and showed a significant correlation between the working memory and the use of maladaptive ER. Group 03 showed great losses in EF and ER when compared to the other groups. Conclusion This study supports the idea that EF, ER and SUD are related. In addition, it was observed that people with SUD had worse performance in EF and ER when compared to people without SUD, greater damage being observed in people with SUD of polysubstances.

scholarly journals Antibiotic use on paediatric inpatients in a public hospital in Bangil, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
Ika Norcahyanti ◽  
Malikatur Rosyidah ◽  
Abdul Kadir Jaelani ◽  
Antonius N.W. Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Public Hospital ◽  
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Defined Daily Dose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pediatric Ward ◽  
Global Action ◽  
Bed Days ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Introduction: The importance of antibiotic use in a clinical setting was evaluated in order to support the global action plan to decelerate the spreading speed of antimicrobial resistance. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate antibiotic use among pediatric inpatients in Bangil public hospital, East Java, Indonesia. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The data were obtained from medical records of pediatric patients admitted to a pediatric ward in 2017. Data were analysed using the anatomical therapeutic chemical classification system (ATC)/defined daily dose (DDD) method in conjunction with data sources from a locally developed bacterial map. Results: The results showed the paediatric patients were dominantly male (n=218; 54.2%) and mostly diagnosed with diarrhoea (n=87; 15.3%). Ampicillin-sulbactam was the most commonly used antibiotic (16.3%). The total DDD value was 66.1 DDD/100 bed-days, and ceftriaxone demonstrated the highest DDD value (10.3 DDD/100 bed-days). Conclusion: In conclusion, the use of antibiotics in the pediatric ward in Bangil public hospital was comparable to other studies conducted in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Hubungan Kemampuan Mobilisasi dengan Risiko Jatuh pada Lansia Hipertensi

JKEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-25
Author(s):  
Sinta Kholifah Mar'ah Konitatillah ◽  
Latifa Aini Susumaningrum ◽  
Hanny Rasni ◽  
Tantut Susanto ◽  
Roro Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Risk Of Fall ◽  
Elderly Mobility ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Hypertensive elderly influences body balance that affects their ability to mobilize. Therefore, this condition can improve a risk for falling. The aimed of this study was to analyzed the relationship between mobilization ability and risk for fall among elderly with hypertension in Tresna Werdha Social Services (PSTW) Bondowoso. A cross sectional design was conducted among 47 elderly using total sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure sociodemographic of elderly, while Elderly Mobility Scale (EMS) was performed to measure mobilization ability and Morse Falls Scale was performed to measure risk for fall. The relationship mobilization ability and risk for fall was analysed using Chi Square test. The result showed that among 47 elderly were 49,8% of independent and 46,8% of low risk for falling. There were significantly relationship between mobilization ability and risk for fall (X2 = 14,674; p = 0.001). The conclusion of this study, there is a relationship between mobilization ability and risk of fall among elderly. Therefore, elderly should be active in physical activities  to reduce the risk of falling.

scholarly journals Associations Between Psychoactive Substance Use And Sensation Seeking Behavior Among Drivers In Norway

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragnhild Elén Gjulem Jamt ◽  
Hallvard Gjerde ◽  
Håvard Furuhaugen ◽  
Giovanni Romeo ◽  
Vigdis Vindenes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Psychoactive Substance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Polydrug Use ◽  
The North ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Psychoactive Substance Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Sensation Seeking Scale

Abstract Background/aim Drug use and risky driving is associated with sensation seeking. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between use of psychoactive substances and levels of the sensation seeking personality trait as measured with the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale 4 among drivers in Norway. Method A cross-sectional design was applied to estimate the association between psychoactive substance use and sensation seeking behavior. Drivers in normal traffic were included in two roadside surveys: one in the north (September 2014 – October 2015) and the other in the south-east of Norway (April 2016 – April 2017). Oral fluid was analyzed for alcohol and psychoactive drugs, and data on sex, age and time of participation were recorded. Participants filled in the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale 4 questionnaire. Results A total of 8053 drivers were included, of which 32% were women and 62% were under 40 years. The prevalence of alcohol was 0.3%, stimulants 0.6%, tetrahydrocannabinol 1.4%, benzodiazepines and/or z-hypnotics 2.0% and polydrug use 0.6%. Associations between the use of tetrahydrocannabinol or benzodiazepines and/or z-hypnotics and a low score on the “thrill and adventure seeking” domain of the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale 4 (OR = 1.723, 95% C.I. = 1.001- 2.966). Associations were also found between the use of stimulants and the highest scores on the “experience seeking” (OR = 2.085, 95% C.I. = 1.084-4.009) and “disinhibition” (OR = 4.791, 95% C.I. =1.748-13.135) domains of the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale 4. No associations were found between sensation seeking behavior and alcohol or polydrug use. Conclusion A high degree of sensation seeking was found among drivers who had used stimulating drugs, in contrast to drives who had used tetrahydrocannabinol and benzodiazepines and/or z-hypnotics who showed a low degree of sensation seeking. The combination of sensation seeking behavior and the use of stimulants might lead to increased risky behavior and thus traffic crashes.

scholarly journals Preferences and acceptability of law enforcement initiated referrals for people who inject drugs: a mixed methods analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella K. Olgin ◽  
Annick Bórquez ◽  
Pieter Baker ◽  
Erika Clairgue ◽  
Mario Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Harm Reduction ◽  
Social Services ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Substance Use Treatment ◽  
Health And Social Services ◽  
Service Referral

Abstract Background Law enforcement officers (LEOs) come into frequent contact with people who inject drugs (PWID). Through service referrals, LEOs may facilitate PWID engagement in harm reduction, substance use treatment, and other health and supportive services. Little is known about PWID and LEO attitudes and concerns about service referrals, however. The objective of this mixed-methods study was to examine the alignment of service referral preferences and acceptability among PWID and LEOs in Tijuana, Mexico. Methods We assessed service referral preferences and perceived likelihood of participation in health and social services, integrating data from structured questionnaires with 280 PWID and 306 LEOs, contextualized by semi-structured interviews and focus groups with 15 PWID and 17 LEOs enrolled in two parallel longitudinal cohorts in Tijuana, Mexico. Results Among potential service referral options, both PWID (78%) and LEOs (88%) most frequently cited assistance with drug- and alcohol-use disorders. Over half of PWID and LEOs supported including harm reduction services such as syringe service programs, overdose prevention, and HIV testing. The majority of PWID supported LEO referrals to programs that addressed basic structural needs (e.g. personal care [62%], food assistance [61%], housing assistance [58%]). However, the proportion of LEOs (30–45%) who endorsed these service referrals was significantly lower (p <  0.01). Regarding referral acceptability, 71% of PWID reported they would be very likely or somewhat likely to make use of a referral compared to 94% of LEOs reporting that they thought PWID would always or sometimes utilize them. These results were echoed in the qualitative analysis, although practical barriers to referrals emerged, whereby PWID were less optimistic that they would utilize referrals compared to LEOs. Conclusions We identified strong support for LEO service referrals among both LEO and PWID respondents, with the highest preference for substance use treatment. LEO referral programs offer opportunities to deflect PWID contact with carceral systems while facilitating access to health and social services. However, appropriate investments and political will are needed to develop an evidence-based (integrated) service infrastructure.

scholarly journals Racial Disparities in Substance Use Treatment Completion Among Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab D Suntai ◽  
Lewis H Lee ◽  
James D Leeper
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Treatment Program ◽  
Group Process ◽  
Treatment Completion ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Substance Use Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background and Objectives Racial disparities in substance use among young adults have been well documented in the substance use literature, but little attention has been paid to older adults. While being an older adult is positively associated with substance use treatment completion, racial disparities in treatment completion have yet to be examined. The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent racial disparities exist in substance use treatment completion among older adults (65 and older). Research Design and Methods This cross-sectional study utilized data from the most recent Treatment Episode Data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, which documents discharges from a publicly funded substance use treatment program in the United States. A total of 17,942 older adults reported to a substance use treatment program in 2017 and 6,653 met the criteria for the study. Chi-squared tests were used to analyze group differences and a binary logistic regression was used to predict substance use treatment completion. Results Results show that Black older adults were 37% less likely to complete a substance use treatment program than Whites (OR = 0.630) while Hispanic older adults were 26% more likely to complete a substance use treatment program than Whites (OR = 1.26). Discussion and Implications These results support the findings from similar studies with younger adults and support the theory that racial disparities are prevalent across the life span. Although Hispanics had a higher treatment completion rate than Whites, this is likely a reflection of familismo, where decisions about health treatments is a group process and a steady network of family members are available to provide advice and encouragement. The significant disparity observed between Black and White older adults suggest a need to consider cultural, historical, and systemic factors that affect voluntary termination of substance use treatment among Black older adults.

scholarly journals Smoking and snus use among Norwegian students: Demographic, personality and substance use characteristics

2021 ◽  
pp. 145507252098021
Author(s):  
Solbjørg Makalani Myrtveit Sæther ◽  
Kristin Gärtner Askeland ◽  
Ståle Pallesen ◽  
Eilin Kristine Erevik
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Background and aim: Smoking rates are decreasing in Norway while the use of snus has increased. We aimed to investigate the co-occurrence of, and the socio-demographics, personality and substance use characteristics associated with, student smoking and snus use. Methods: Survey data were collected among students in higher education in Bergen, Norway in 2015 ( N = 11,236, response rate 39.4%). Multinomial regression analyses comparing snus users and smokers to non-users and non-smokers, respectively, on demographic, personality and substance use variables were conducted. Regression analyses comparing current dual users to current smokers and current snus users and comparing daily smokers to daily snus users, on demographic, personality and substance use variables were also conducted. Results: In total 67.9% of ever snus users identified themselves as non-smokers (past and current). Several demographic, personality and substance use characteristics associated with smoking and snus use were identified (all = p < .05), some of which were common for both (e.g., use of cannabis) and some which were exclusively associated with either smoking (e.g., neuroticism) or snus use (e.g., extroversion). Conclusion: The current study contributes with several novel findings regarding traits associated with smoking and snus use. Though limited by a cross-sectional design, the current findings may suggest that the group of students using snus consists of a combination of previous smokers, students who would have smoked if snus was not available and a new segment who may not have used nicotine if snus was not available.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP OF SOCIAL INTERACTION WITH LONELY IN ELDERLY AT THE SOCIAL SOCIAL SERVICE HOUSE X YOGYAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Aan Devianto ◽  
Eltanina Ulfameytalia Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Services ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Mental and social problems experienced by the elderly who live in the most frequent homes are lonely, if loneliness in the elderly is not treated, then there will be a serious impact that arises depression. Some studies suggest that the elderly who live in homes have a higher risk of loneliness than the elderly who live at home together with their families. The purpose of the research carried out is to determine the relationship of social interaction with loneliness in the elderly at the Social Services Home of the Elderly X Yogyakarta. The research method uses correlation description with cross sectional design, purposive sampling with a total sample of 51 respondents, the research instrument uses questionnaires and the analysis method uses the Kendall's Tau test. The results showed the elderly in the social services house of the elderly X Yogyakarta with statistical analysis showed a significant relationship with a P-value of 0,000 (<0,05) with a relationship value of -0,508. Conclusion There is a relationship of social interaction with loneliness in the medium category.

scholarly journals Protective Factors Against Psychological Distress Among Inpatients in Substance Use Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117822182110608
Author(s):  
Kari Bøhle ◽  
Eli Otterholt ◽  
Stål Bjørkly
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Substance Use Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional

Several studies have found co-occurrence between substance abuse and mental health problems, as well as an association between treatment retention and psychological distress. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of possible protective factors with psychological distress. The present study tested physical activity, self-esteem and sense of coherence, and psychological distress level among inpatients in substance use treatment. The study design was cross-sectional and multicenter. Patients (N = 167) were recruited in 2018 from 10 Norwegian inpatient facilities. They self-reported on 3 validated measurement instruments: Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence Scale, and frequency of physical activity. The Hopkins Symptom Checklist-10 was used as an outcome variable of psychological distress. The associations were investigated with multiple linear and logistic regression methods. The results suggested that high self-esteem and sense of coherence were protective factors against high levels of psychological distress: self-esteem (β = −.39, P < .001) and sense of coherence (β = −.352, P < .001). The results offer support for a salutogenic approach in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment by enhancing individuals’ protective factors to reduce psychological distress.

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