Perceived marketization in Poland: Translating key concepts of institutional anomie theory to the micro level

Social Institutions ◽

Institutional Anomie Theory ◽

Individual Level ◽

Anomie Theory ◽

Representative Random Sample ◽

Order Factor ◽

Micro Level ◽

Institutional anomie theory (IAT) describes the potentially criminogenic impact of economically dominated social institutions. Although originally cast at the macro level of society, more efforts have emerged lately to capture the IAT framework on the individual level, resulting in a need for appropriate measures representing the presumed marketization processes. Our study addresses this need by offering a theoretically derived, comprehensive measure of the individual-level instantiation of an anomic culture depicted in IAT, that is, ‘marketized mentality’. Structural equation models testing for the single higher-order factor marketized mentality are calculated with a representative random sample of Poland’s population. Finally, the implications and limitations resulting from the analyses are discussed.

Public Service Motivation in a Work Group: Role of Ethical Climate and Servant Leadership

Public Personnel Management ◽

10.1177/0091026018806013 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 203-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Dong Chul Shim ◽

Hyun Hee Park

Keyword(s):

Servant Leadership ◽

Public Service ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Ethical Climate ◽

Work Group ◽

Public Service Motivation ◽

Government Employees ◽

Individual Level ◽

The current study attempts to examine Perry’s assertion that the public service motivation (PSM) of government employees may be influenced by the logic of appropriateness. Based on a survey of 596 Korean local government employees in 110 work groups, this study investigated the associations between ethical climate, servant leadership, and PSM. Multilevel structural equation models (SEM) were employed. At the individual level, ethical climate (i.e., efficiency, rule/law, independence) was significantly associated with PSM. However, at the work group level, ethical climate did not demonstrate a significant association with PSM. In addition, this study found that servant leadership is effective in helping government employees develop PSM at both the individual and work group levels.

Values as Predictors of Parent - Child Interaction Specifics in Finno-Ugric and Russian Families

RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics ◽

10.22363/2313-1683-2019-16-1-7-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 7-19

Author(s):

Vera Yu Khotinets ◽

Oksana V Kozhevnikova ◽

Bronislav A Vyatkin ◽

Valeria A Vologdina

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Social Institutions ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Rural Settlements ◽

Individual Level ◽

Child Interaction ◽

Perm Krai ◽

Parent Child Interaction ◽

The Individual ◽

Parent Child

The paper represents the results of exploring the effects of values on the specifics of parentchild interaction in Finno-Ugric families (Udmurts, Komi-Permyaks) in comparison to the Russian ones. 280 respondents, including 140 mothers and 140 children (56 % are females) have participated in the research: 1) representatives of the Finno-Ugric (Ural) peoples: Udmurts (94 individuals) from villages of Mozhginsky district of the Udmurt Republic and Komi-Permyaks (86 individuals) from the villages of Komi-Permyak Okrug of Perm Krai; 2) representatives of the Russian ethnocultural group (100 individuals) from the village Ust-Kachka of Perm Krai. The standardized techniques have been implemented: the technique by S. Schwartz adapted by N.M. Lebedeva for measuring values at the individual level and the questionnaire by I.M. Markovskaya for exploring parent-child interactions. The methodology and procedures of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) have been used as the main statistical method. It is revealed that parent-child interaction in Finno-Ugric families living in rural settlements with the autochthonic population is based on collectivistic values of self-preservation and survival, harmonious interaction with others. At the same time, the effect of a distinct individualistic value of independence on the indicators of the cohesion of parent-child interaction positions is found in Russian families. The results obtained during the research can be implemented while developing pedagogic techniques including the algorithms of inculturation of children in social institutions.

Collective Efficacy and Organizational Commitment in an Italian City Hall

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040.14.4.363 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 363-371 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Laura Borgogni ◽

Silvia Dello Russo ◽

Laura Petitta ◽

Gary P. Latham

Keyword(s):

Organizational Commitment ◽

Collective Efficacy ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Practical Significance ◽

City Hall ◽

Italian City ◽

Public Sector Managers ◽

The Individual ◽

Level Group

Employees (N = 170) of a City Hall in Italy were administered a questionnaire measuring collective efficacy (CE), perceptions of context (PoC), and organizational commitment (OC). Two facets of collective efficacy were identified, namely group and organizational. Structural equation models revealed that perceptions of top management display a stronger relationship with organizational collective efficacy, whereas employees’ perceptions of their colleagues and their direct superior are related to collective efficacy at the group level. Group collective efficacy had a stronger relationship with affective organizational commitment than did organizational collective efficacy. The theoretical significance of this study is in showing that CE is two-dimensional rather than unidimensional. The practical significance of this finding is that the PoC model provides a framework that public sector managers can use to increase the efficacy of the organization as a whole as well as the individual groups that compose it.

The Effect of Individual’s Technological Belief and Usage on Their Absorptive Capacity towards Their Learning Behaviour in Learning Environment

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13020718 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 718

Author(s):

Thomas Dolmark ◽

Osama Sohaib ◽

Ghassan Beydoun ◽

Kai Wu

Keyword(s):

Social Networks ◽

Absorptive Capacity ◽

Structural Equation Modelling ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Social Influences ◽

Technology Readiness ◽

Learning Behaviour ◽

Individual Level ◽

Equation Modelling ◽

Absorptive capacity is a common barrier to knowledge transfer at the individual level. However, technology absorptive capacity can enhance an individual’s learning behaviour. This study investigates that technology readiness, the tools for knowledge sources, social influences, and social networks influence an individual’s absorptive capacity on an adaptation of the individual learning behaviour. A quantitative approach is used to assess the presence of a causal relationship from the constructs mentioned above. Data were collected from university students in Australia to examine the hypotheses. With 199 responses, a partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach was used for the analysis. The results generated mixed findings. Individual’s technological belief in optimism and innovation and social influences had a significantly weaker effect on individual absorptive capacity, which in turn had a significantly weaker impact on their learning behaviour.

Self-esteem, social comparison, and Facebook use

Europe’s Journal of Psychology ◽

10.5964/ejop.v14i4.1592 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 831-845 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Elisa Bergagna ◽

Stefano Tartaglia

Keyword(s):

Social Interaction ◽

Social Comparison ◽

Technology Use ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Self Report ◽

Individual Traits ◽

Facebook Use ◽

Facebook use is very popular among young people, but many open issues remain regarding the individual traits that are antecedents of different behaviours enacted online. This study aimed to investigate whether the relationship between self-esteem and the amount of time on Facebook could be mediated by a tendency towards social comparison. Moreover, three different modalities of Facebook use were distinguished, i.e., social interaction, simulation, and search for relations. Because of gender differences in technology use and social comparison, the mediation models were tested separately for males and females. Data were collected by means of a self-report questionnaire with a sample of 250 undergraduate and graduate Italian students (mean age: 22.18 years). The relations were examined empirically by means of four structural equation models. The results revealed the role of orientation to social comparison in mediating the relations between low self-esteem and some indicators of Facebook use, i.e., daily hours on Facebook and the use of Facebook for simulation. For females, the use of Facebook for social interaction was directly influenced by high self-esteem and indirectly influenced by low self-esteem. Globally, the dimension of social comparison on Facebook emerged as more important for females than for males.

The individual side of ambidexterity

Employee Relations ◽

10.1108/er-02-2018-0050 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 592-613 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Andrés Salas Vallina ◽

Maria D. Moreno-Luzon ◽

Anna Ferrer-Franco

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Exploration And Exploitation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Learning Capability ◽

Content Type ◽

Individual Level ◽

The Individual ◽

The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to examine whether inspirational leadership of heads of specialized medical units is related to individual ambidexterity of their dependent physicians; and second, to study the possible mediating role of organizational learning capability (OLC) in the relationship between inspirational leadership and individual ambidexterity.Design/methodology/approachStructural equation modeling was used on a sample of 194 medical specialists from Spanish public hospitals.FindingsResults show that inspirational leadership is positively related to individual ambidexterity among healthcare physicians. In addition, the results of the study revealed that the relationship between inspirational leadership and individual ambidexterity is mediated by conditions that facilitate learning, namely, OLC.Research limitations/implicationsThis study uses cross-sectional data, which do not guarantee causality relationships among the examined variables.Practical implicationsThe results of this paper suggest first that heads of healthcare units should inspire followers to achieve both exploration and exploitation. Second, it is also necessary to consider that inspirational leaders promote those conditions that facilitate learning, which should be particularly taken into account to enhance both physician’s exploration and exploitation.Originality/valueIn stressing an evident gap in the relationship between leadership and ambidexterity at the individual level, this paper attempts to advance in the leadership literature by revealing how the action or power of moving the intellect or emotions, and enhancing enthusiasm and confidence, empowers physicians to both explore and exploit knowledge. The results also indicate that the inspiration transmitted by the heads of medical services, facilitate physician’s perceived learning conditions which, in turn, fosters their individual ambidexterity.

Metabolic rate associates with, but does not generate covariation between, behaviours in western stutter-trilling crickets, Gryllus integer

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2016.2481 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 284 (1851) ◽

pp. 20162481 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Indrikis A. Krams ◽

Petri T. Niemelä ◽

Giedrius Trakimas ◽

Ronalds Krams ◽

Gordon M. Burghardt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Rate ◽

Covariance Matrix ◽

Individual Variation ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Resting Metabolic Rate ◽

Individual Level ◽

Two Generations ◽

Fast Development ◽

Gryllus Integer

The causes and consequences of among-individual variation and covariation in behaviours are of substantial interest to behavioural ecology, but the proximate mechanisms underpinning this (co)variation are still unclear. Previous research suggests metabolic rate as a potential proximate mechanism to explain behavioural covariation. We measured the resting metabolic rate (RMR), boldness and exploration in western stutter-trilling crickets, Gryllus integer , selected differentially for short and fast development over two generations. After applying mixed-effects models to reveal the sign of the covariation, we applied structural equation models to an individual-level covariance matrix to examine whether the RMR generates covariation between the measured behaviours. All traits showed among-individual variation and covariation: RMR and boldness were positively correlated, RMR and exploration were negatively correlated, and boldness and exploration were negatively correlated. However, the RMR was not a causal factor generating covariation between boldness and exploration. Instead, the covariation between all three traits was explained by another, unmeasured mechanism. The selection lines differed from each other in all measured traits and significantly affected the covariance matrix structure between the traits, suggesting that there is a genetic component in the trait integration. Our results emphasize that interpretations made solely from the correlation matrix might be misleading.

Association of Educational Level and Marital Status With Obesity: A Study of Chinese Twins

Twin Research and Human Genetics ◽

10.1017/thg.2018.8 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 126-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Chunxiao Liao ◽

Wenjing Gao ◽

Weihua Cao ◽

Jun Lv ◽

Canqing Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Marital Status ◽

Educational Level ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Individual Level ◽

Study Population ◽

Adult Twins ◽

Chinese Twins ◽

The Relationship

The prevalence of overweight and obesity is growing rapidly in many countries. Socioeconomic inequalities might be important for this increase. The aim of this study was to determine associations of body mass index (BMI), overweight and obesity with educational level and marital status in Chinese twins. Participants were adult twins recruited through the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR), aged 18 to 79 years, and the sample comprised 10,448 same-sex twin pairs. Current height, weight, educational attainment, and marital status were self-reported. Regression analyses and structural equation models were conducted to evaluate BMI, overweight, and obesity associated with educational level and marital status in both sexes. At an individual level, both educational level and marital status were associated with higher BMI and higher risk of being overweight and obesity in men, while in women the effects of educational level on BMI were in the opposite direction. In within-Monozygotic (MZ) twin-pair analyses, the effects of educational level on BMI disappeared in females. Bivariate structural equation models showed that genetic factors and shared environmental confounded the relationship between education and BMI in females, whereas marital status was associated with BMI on account of significant positive unique environmental correlation apart in both sexes. The present data suggested that marital status and BMI were associated, independent of familiar factors, for both sexes of this study population, while common genetic and shared environmental factors contributed to education-associated disparities in BMI in females.

Influence of Individual- and National-Level Factors on Attitudes toward Intimate Partner Violence

Sociological Perspectives ◽

10.1177/0731121416662028 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 60 (4) ◽

pp. 685-701 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Brittany E. Hayes ◽

Katharine A. Boyd

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Gender Inequality ◽

Partner Violence ◽

National Level ◽

Social Institutions ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Demographic And Health Surveys ◽

Individual Level ◽

And Gender ◽

The study evaluated if individual- and national-level factors influence intimate partner violence (IPV) attitudes. Using Demographic and Health Surveys’ data, multilevel modeling was used to analyze 506,935 females nested in 41 nations. The results indicated that the respondents in nations with higher levels of gender inequality, measured by the Social Institutions and Gender Index, were more likely to agree a husband is justified to abuse his wife when she argues with him. National-level attitudes toward IPV and decision making at the individual level were significant predictors of IPV attitudes. The presence of another female while the survey was administered and differences across nations in question wording significantly affected IPV attitudes. The results confirm that both individual- and national-level factors shape individual IPV attitudes. National policies and programming should address gender inequality and patriarchal attitudes.

A CONNECTIONIST ABM OF SOCIAL CATEGORIZATION PROCESSES

Advances in Complex Systems ◽

10.1142/s0219525912500774 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (06) ◽

pp. 1250077 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

DIRK VAN ROOY

Keyword(s):

Social Influence ◽

Network Structure ◽

Social Adaptation ◽

Multiple Sources ◽

Agent Based ◽

Individual Level ◽

Extensive Research Program ◽

Micro Level ◽

The Individual ◽

Over Time

This paper introduces a connectionist Agent-Based Model (cABM) that incorporates detailed, micro-level understanding of social influence processes derived from laboratory studies and that aims to contextualize these processes in such a way that it becomes possible to model multidirectional, dynamic influences in extended social networks. At the micro-level, agent processes are simulated by recurrent auto-associative networks, an architecture that has a proven ability to simulate a variety of individual psychological and memory processes [D. Van Rooy, F. Van Overwalle, T. Vanhoomissen, C. Labiouse and R. French, Psychol. Rev. 110, 536 (2003)]. At the macro-level, these individual networks are combined into a "community of networks" so that they can exchange their individual information with each other by transmitting information on the same concepts from one net to another. This essentially creates a network structure that reflects a social system in which (a collection of) nodes represent individual agents and the links between agents the mutual social influences that connect them [B. Hazlehurst, and E. Hutchins, Lang. Cogn. Process. 13, 373 (1998)]. The network structure itself is dynamic and shaped by the interactions between the individual agents through simple processes of social adaptation. Through simulations, the cABM generates a number of novel predictions that broadly address three main issues: (1) the consequences of the interaction between multiple sources and targets of social influence (2) the dynamic development of social influence over time and (3) collective and individual opinion trajectories over time. Some of the predictions regarding individual level processes have been tested and confirmed in laboratory experiments. In a extensive research program, data is currently being collected from real groups that will allow validating the predictions of cABM regarding aggregate outcomes.