Mouldability analysis and impact performance of 3D aramid angle-interlock fabric panels for ballistic helmets

2021 ◽  
pp. 152808372110519
Author(s):  
Mengqi Yang ◽  
Xiaogang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Impact Test ◽  
Potential Problem ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Textile Composites ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Ballistic Protection ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
Conventional Counterpart

Modern ballistic helmets made from textile composites offer enhanced protection with lightweight, but the discontinuity of the reinforcing materials is a potential problem affecting the helmet performance. This work uses 3D angle-interlock fabrics to provide reinforcement continuity, and evaluates 3D through-the-thickness angle-interlock (TTAI) fabrics to study the influence of fabric structural parameters on fabric mouldabilty and ballistic performance for ballistic helmet application. The mouldability was measured through experiments and modelled numerically, and the ballistic impact test was carried out to identify the optimal fabric structures for constructing ballistic helmet shells. The results show that increase in weft density of the TTAI fabrics causes decrease in the mouldability of the TTAI fabrics, and that the addition of wadding yarns into the TTAI fabrics has little influence on fabric mouldability compared to the conventional TTAI fabrics with the same weft density. However, the involvement of wadded TTAI fabrics demonstrates a 34% increase in ballistic energy absorption and 3% higher estimated ballistic limit over the conventional counterpart. Taking both mouldability and ballistic protection into account, the wadded TTAI fabric structure is an effective continuous reinforcement for ballistic helmet shells, offering required mouldability and improved ballistic performance.

Development of Composite Structures for Ballistic Protection

2007 ◽  
Vol 537-538 ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Faur-Csukat
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Ballistic Protection

The mechanical behaviour and ballistic performance of carbon, glass (E and S type), aramide and polyethylene fabric reinforced composites with different epoxy resins were studied. The specimens −produced by hand lay-up method− were qualified by low velocity (Charpy and drop weight tests) and high velocity (two different bores ballistic) impact tests. The energy absorption capacity of the composites were found to be strongly affected by material properties of reinforcing fibre, type of fabric structure and elasticity of resin.

Magnetorheological Damping of Fragment Barrier Suspension Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwon Joong Son ◽  
Eric P. Fahrenthold
Keyword(s):  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Mr Fluid ◽  
Suspension Systems ◽  
Mr Fluids ◽  
Ballistic Protection ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Fluid Damping ◽  
Magnetorheological Damping ◽  
Impact Experiments ◽  
Very High

Magnetorheological (MR) fluids, well established as components of a variety of suspension systems, may offer opportunities to improve the performance of fabric ballistic protection systems, which typically do not incorporate significant energy dissipation mechanisms. A series of ballistic impact experiments has been conducted to investigate the potential of MR fluid damped fabric suspension systems to improve upon current fabric barrier designs. The results indicate that for the simple fabric suspension systems tested, MR fluid damping does not improve upon the very high weight specific ballistic performance of state of the art aramid fibers.

scholarly journals Analytical investigation of high-velocity impact on hybrid unidirectional/woven composite panels

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Shanazari ◽  
GH Liaghat ◽  
H Hadavinia ◽  
A Aboutorabi
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Body Armor ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Ballistic Protection ◽  
Maximum Tensile Strain

In addition to fiber properties, the fabric structure plays an important role in determining ballistic performance of composite body armor textile. Textile structures used in ballistic protection are woven fabrics, unidirectional (UD) fabric structures, and nonwoven fabrics. In this article, an analytical model based on wave propagation and energy balance between the projectile and the target is developed to analyze hybrid fabric panels for ballistic protection. The hybrid panel consists of two types of structure: woven fabrics as the front layers and UD material as the rear layers. The model considers different cross sections of surface of the target in the woven and UD fabric of the hybrid panel. Also the model takes into account possible shear failure by using shear strength together with maximum tensile strain as the failure criteria. Reflections of deformation waves at interface between the layers and also the crimp of the yarn are modeled in the woven part of the hybrid panel. The results show greater efficiency of woven fibers in front layers (more shear resistance) and UD yarns in the rear layers (more tensile resistance), leading to better ballistic performance. Also modeling the yarn crimp results in more trauma at the backface of the panel producing data closer to the experimental results. It was found that there is an optimum ratio of woven to UD materials in the hybrid ballistic panel.

scholarly journals Effect of Fabric Structure and Weft Density on the Poisson's Ratio of Worsted Fabric

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 155892501300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazanin Ezaz Shahabi ◽  
Siamak Saharkhiz ◽  
S. Mohammad Hosseini Varkiyani
Keyword(s):  
Poisson’S Ratio ◽  
Uniaxial Extension ◽  
Poisson's Ratio ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Combination Effect ◽  
Weft Direction ◽  
Weave Structure ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
High Linear Correlation

This paper investigates the impacts of weave structures and weft density on the Poisson's ratio of worsted fabric under uniaxial extension. In this study nine groups of worsted fabrics comprising of three weave structures (twill 2/2, twill 3/1 and hopsack 2/2), each produced in three different weft densities were examined. Samples were extended in weft direction uniaxially and the Poisson's ratio of fabric in various extensions was measured. Analysis showed that the effect of both weft density and weave structure are significant with no combination effect on the Poisson's ratio. It was found that there is an exponential correlation between warp and weft crimp during fabric extension. For the worsted fabrics used in this research in all three fabric structures, fabrics with higher weft yarn density have higher value of Poisson's ratio. It was also concluded that for the fabrics with the same condition but only different in structures, this ratio is related to the structural firmness of fabric. In all three fabric structures the value of the Poisson's ratio were following the same pattern of twill 2/2, twill 3/1 and hopsack 2/2 from highest to lowest value. It was revealed that there is a high linear correlation between the crimp interchange ratio and Poisson's ratio.

Influence of the Laminate Configurations of Transparent Armor on its Ballistic Protection

2014 ◽  
Vol 608 ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priawthida Jantharat ◽  
Ryan C. McCuiston ◽  
Chaiwut Gamonpilas ◽  
Sujarinee Kochawattana
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Results ◽  
Front Face ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
User Requirement ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
National Institute Of Justice ◽  
Ballistic Protection ◽  
High Level

The ballistic performance of transparent armors has been continuously developed for an application on security purposes. Generally, ballistic performance of the laminated glass increases with its thickness and weight while the user requirement prefers high level of ballistic protection with thin and light weight body. In this study, fabrication of light weight glass-PVB transparent armors with the level-3 protection according to the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) standard was attempted. The ballistic performances of various configurations of glass-PVB laminates were determined against 7.62 mm ammunitions. Results from fragmentation analysis indicated the influence of glass-sheet-arrangement in the armor structures on the ballistic damages. The minimum requirement on the thickness of front-face layer was also discussed. To verify the experimental results, finite element analysis was performed on all laminated systems. It was found that the results from computational analysis were in reasonable agreement with the experimental results.

Research for a Projectile Positioning Structure for Stacked Projectile Weapons

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiao Luo ◽  
Xiaobing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Static Friction ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Static Friction Coefficient ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Contact Surfaces ◽  
Proper Material ◽  
Multibody Contact

One of the key technologies of stacked projectile weapons is projectile positioning. However, the present projectile positioning structures have their respective advantages and shortcomings. A new structure based on the self-locking principle is put forward in this paper and verified as feasible by static analysis if the proper material and structural parameters are chosen. In order to check the strength and verify the feasibility of the structure under launch conditions, the multibody contact finite element model of the structure is established, coupled with dynamic load in the interior ballistic cycle. According to simulations and analysis, the projectile positioning structure is feasible and the strength of the projectile can meet the strength requirement for launch conditions. For different maximum static friction coefficients, simulations show that an increase in the maximum static friction coefficient between the contact surfaces of the positioning ring and barrel improves the positioning performance, but an increase in the maximum static friction coefficient between the contact surfaces of the positioning ring and projectile worsens. On the basis of great computation, it is found that an increase in the upper thickness and height of the positioning ring improves the positioning performance, but an increase in the lower thickness worsens the positioning performance. Further, a lower thickness affects the positioning performance more greatly. As a result, the positioning ring will be thin and light to improve the positioning performance. Compared with other positioning structures, the new structure has little influence on the ballistic performance and is a good application prospect.

Control of Failure Evolution in 3D Cellular Woven Composite Systems

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared N. Baucom ◽  
Mohammed A. Zikry ◽  
Yiping Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Areal Density ◽  
Textile Composites ◽  
Woven Composite ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Composite Systems ◽  
Matrix Cracks ◽  
Failure Evolution ◽  
Undesirable Property ◽  
Highly Porous

Abstract This investigation examines the role of porosity in the perforation resistance of 3-D woven fiber reinforced epoxy panels under impact by rigid projectiles at velocities of 100 to 200 m/s. Incident and residual velocities are measured to determine the energy absorption by the target. To compare samples of different areal density, the energy is normalized by the target areal density. The sample responses segregate by porosity, and the more highly porous samples absorb a greater amount of specific energy. The reason for this is unclear but may be due to the deflection of matrix cracks by pores or due to the greater flexibility of the fibers to absorb energy through tensile straining. Although porosity is generally an undesirable property in textile composites, the induction of porosity may result in reduced panel weight without degradation of ballistic performance, a clear advantage for weight minimization.

Improvement of Thermal Conductivity for Carbon Fabric Composites Base on the Fabric Structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 1037 ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Phone Thant Kyaw ◽  
Pyae Phyo Maung ◽  
Galina V. Malysheva
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Load ◽  
Thermal Conduction ◽  
Thermal Calculation ◽  
Carbon Fabric ◽  
Fabric Structure ◽  
Fabric Composites ◽  
Load Calculation ◽  
Fabric Structures

This paper presents the development of methods for improving the thermal conductivity of fiber reinforcing materials based on the fabric structures. The thermal analysis of fabric structure in thermal load calculation is performed by Fourier’s Law of Thermal Conduction and Steady-State Thermal calculation in Siemens NX. This study leads to the development of thermal conductivity in manufacturing technology of fiber reinforcing materials. Keywords: Thermal conductivity, fabric structure, polymer composite materials

Effects of Zero Time Holding Quenching Temperature on Tempering Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 40Cr Steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 993 ◽  
pp. 492-496
Author(s):  
Peng Xiao Zhu ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Bo Chen ◽  
Kun Feng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Quenching Temperature ◽  
Impact Performance ◽  
Zero Time ◽  
40Cr Steel ◽  
Holding Temperature

The effects of different zero-holding quenching temperatures on the tempering microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of 40Cr were studied. The results showed that the microstructure of 40Cr was tempered sorbite and a small amount of unmelted ferrite after quenching at 850 °C and tempering at 550 °C for 2 h. Tempered sorbite was obtained after quenching at 880 °C～910 °C and tempering at 550 °C for 2 h. With the increasing of quenching temperature at zero holding temperature, the tensile strength and yield strength of 40Cr increased, while the elongation and impact toughness decreased. With the decreasing of impact test temperature, the ballistic work of 40Cr decreased gradually, and decreased fastest between 0 °C～-20 °C. 40Cr had the best impact performance after quenching at 850 °C and tempering at 550 °C for 2 h. 40Cr had the smallest wear loss after quenching at 880 °C and tempering at 550 °C for 2 h. Its wear marks were smooth, and had the shallowest furrows and ridges.

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