Race, Racial Negativity, and Competing Conceptions of American National Identity

2020 ◽  
pp. 1532673X2097399
Author(s):  
John Graeber ◽  
Mark Setzler
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Symbolic Racism ◽  
American National Identity ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Robust Evidence ◽  
Do So

This study explores differences among African Americans, Latinos, and whites regarding which attributes are most important to being truly American and how these competing conceptions relate to an individual’s level of racial animus toward African Americans. Using nationally representative survey data, we first find that Americans of different races vary across six different components of national identity and do so in ways consistent with theorizing on symbolic racism and inter-group conflict. Specifically, Americans place more importance on those components shared with indivduals of the same race. We then analyze how these differing beliefs about national identity influence racial animus. Here, we find robust evidence that individuals who prioritize the ascriptive, exclusive elements of national identity are more racist, while individuals who embrace its most inclusive element are less so. Finally, we reveal that the relationship between conceptions of national identity and racism is moderated substantially by race, and this robust relationship for whites and Latinos is virtually identical.

How Schools Teach Bullying

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Kupchik
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
School Discipline ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
School Officials ◽  
Contemporary Issue ◽  
Bullying Victims ◽  
School Punishment ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship

Chapter 5 considers the relationship between school discipline and an important contemporary issue: bullying. This chapter first looks at interviews with parents that illustrate how school officials sometimes bully students, and argues that excessive school punishment can be a form of bullying. It then turns to a quantitative analysis of nationally-representative survey data to show that students in schools where they perceive the rules to be unfair and unevenly enforced are at greater risk of being bullying victims than others.

scholarly journals Feminist Men and Sexual Behavior: Analyses of Men’s Sex with Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 1097184X2098078
Author(s):  
Max Stick ◽  
Tina Fetner
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Sexual Pleasure ◽  
The Self ◽  
Oral Sex ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Sociological Literature ◽  
Feminist Identification ◽  
The Relationship

Men’s identification with and support for feminism has attracted the interest of masculinity scholars. This study explores an under-researched dimension of this phenomenon, investigating the relationship between feminist identification and sexual behavior. In heterosexual encounters, do feminist men report having sex more recently than those who do not call themselves feminists? During sexual encounters, do feminist men behave differently than non-feminists? In particular, do feminist men organize their sexual behavior in a way that prioritizes their partners’ sexual pleasure to a greater extent than non-feminists? Using representative survey data of Canadian adults, we examine the self-reported sexual behavior of heterosexual Canadian men. We find that self-identifying feminist men report having sex more recently and are more likely to report engaging in breast stimulation and performing oral sex on their partners than non-feminists. We discuss the implications of these findings on the sociological literature on gender and sexuality.

The Division of Housework Among “Remarried” Couples

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
ORIEL SULLIVAN
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Focus Of Attention ◽  
Significant Issue ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Housework Time ◽  
Cohabiting Couples ◽  
Division Of Housework ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Remarried Couples

There are only a limited number of studies comparing housework among couples and individuals in different marital statuses, and the focus of attention has tended to be on married compared to cohabiting couples. This article focuses on differences between couples where one or more partner is remarried or recohabiting and those where both partners are in their first married or cohabiting relationships, using nationally representative survey data from Britain. It is shown in multivariate analysis that women in their second-plus partnerships contribute less in terms of their proportion of total housework time than women in their first partnerships. However, there is no effect for the man's number of previous partnerships or for current marital/cohabiting status. It is argued that the significant issue is interaction and negotiation with a subsequent partner in the light of experience gained from the breakdown of one or more previous married/cohabiting relationships.

“Bled in, Letter by Letter”

2020 ◽  
pp. 173-202
Author(s):  
Daniel Y. Kim
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Foreign Student ◽  
Korean American ◽  
Japanese Americans ◽  
Diasporic Identity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
American Authors ◽  
Multidirectional Memory ◽  
Do So

This chapter examines how Susan Choi’s The Foreign Student and Chang-rae Lee’s The Surrendered negotiate the ethical and political complexities that shape the relationship between Koreans who directly experienced the trauma of war and Korean American authors who have constructed literary memories of that event. These are novels that are engaged in the cultural process that Marianne Hirsch has termed “postmemory.” These works constitute exemplary postmemorial texts that refrain from making the trauma of the war into the essentialist foundation of an ethnonationalist conception of Korean or Korean diasporic identity. These novels do so by highlighting the artifice of their constructions of memories that only belong, properly speaking, to those who experienced the war. In so doing they enact a form of postmemory that involves a kind of translation that is structured by approximations, interpolations, and gaps. Choi’s The Foreign Student is particularly noteworthy for gesturing as well toward the Korean War’s significance for Japanese Americans and African Americans without engaging in a problematic politics of racial comparison. This novel theorizes a mode of cultural memory that resonates not only with Michael Rothberg’s concept of “multidirectional memory” but also with Alexander Weheliye’s notion of “racializing assemblages.”

The Psychological Dimensions and the Social Consequences of Incarceration

2013 ◽  
Vol 651 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Schnittker
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Criminal Record ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Psychological Dimensions ◽  
Do So ◽  
Former Inmates

This article explores the psychological costs of incarceration, with a particular focus on how psychological factors are related to the social and economic difficulties of reentry. Using descriptive information from a nationally representative survey, this study reveals considerable anxiety, fear, and uncertainty among former inmates. The evidence also reveals that psychiatric disorders are, in some cases, even more disabling among former inmates than among others. The article situates this evidence within the larger debate on the social consequences of incarceration and discusses its implications. Psychological factors are certainly not the only barriers former inmates will face, but they are neglected in the literature and play an important role in how former inmates respond to other difficulties. They are also at the center of a persistent dilemma: former inmates must establish social connections upon release, but they must do so while harboring the stigma of a criminal record. Furthermore, former inmates who have a psychiatric disorder may be particularly disadvantaged because they experience two stigmas simultaneously.

scholarly journals Performing the Nation: Pedagogical Embodiment as Civic Text

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle A. Greenwalt ◽  
Kevin J. Holohan
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
History Education ◽  
Contextual Performance ◽  
School Experiences ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
American National Identity ◽  
Phenomenological Methodology ◽  
The Relationship

This paper explores the ways in which narratives speak to issues of national identity - its production, reproduction, and contextual performance. Drawing first upon literature in history education, the paper explores the multivoiced nature of the historical narratives which structure American national identity projects. The paper next employs phenomenological methodology in order to explore the narratives produced by students in speaking about school experiences, which they found to have a national component. In this section, there is a particular focus on the teacher as a powerful text as read by students - a curriculum of its own right. The paper concludes by moving to theorize, using phenomenological and post-structural analyses, the relationship between the personal and the national, lived and historical experiences - while maintaining a focus on the civic and pedagogical implications of the data analysis.

HOW RACIAL ATTITUDES AND IDEOLOGY AFFECT POLITICAL RIGHTS FOR FELONS

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Wilson ◽  
Michael Leo Owens ◽  
Darren W. Davis
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Racial Attitudes ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Collateral Consequences ◽  
Felon Disenfranchisement ◽  
Racial Resentment ◽  
Nationally Representative

AbstractThis research examines the extent to which negative attitudes toward African Americans influence public reactions to restoring political rights to felons. We argue that race-neutral policies, such as felon disenfranchisement laws, are non-separable from racial considerations, as images of criminals and felons are typically associated with Blacks. Such attitudes produce collateral consequences for felons, hampering the restoration of their full political rights and, ultimately, their citizenship. Predispositions, such as racial attitudes and political ideology, provide both racial and nonracial justifications for supporting these laws, yet, there are no empirical accounts of their relational effects on opinion toward felons’ rights. Using nationally representative survey data, we find that racialized resentment and ideology exert the most influence on the reactions to policies seeking political rights for felons as well as beliefs about the value of doing so. Consistent with much of the literature on attitudes toward ameliorative racial policies, higher levels of racial resentment strongly predict lower support for felons’ political rights among both conservatives and liberals, yet, racial resentment is most influential among liberals. Conservatives exhibit the highest levels of racial resentment, but its impact is depressed more by agreement on both racial attitudes and opposition to political rights of felons.

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