scholarly journals Do African American Men Have Lower Survival From Prostate Cancer Compared With White Men? A Meta-analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayathri Sridhar ◽  
Saba W. Masho ◽  
Tilahun Adera ◽  
Viswanathan Ramakrishnan ◽  
John D. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
African American ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
White Men ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men. This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the relationship between race and survival from prostate cancer. A systematic review of articles published from 1968 to 2007 assessing survival from prostate cancer was conducted. Analysis of unadjusted studies reported that African American men have an increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.31-1.65, p < .001). However, examination of adjusted studies identified no difference (HR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.94-1.22, p = .308). No statistically significant difference was observed in prostate cancer—specific survival in both analyses using unadjusted (HR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.94-1.31, p = .209) and adjusted studies (HR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.95-1.41, p = .157). This meta-analysis concludes that there are no racial differences in the overall and prostate cancer—specific survival between African American and White men.

scholarly journals Is Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer Associated with Cardiovascular disease ? A Meta-Analysis and systematic review.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Liang ◽  
Longlong Chen ◽  
Yawei Xu ◽  
Yongjiao Yang ◽  
Rui Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Androgen Deprivation Therapy ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Androgen Deprivation ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Whether androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular related disease is poorly defined. The aim of the present meta‐analysis is to explore the relationship between ADT and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Method: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched databases until April 2019 for randomized controlled trial (RCT) or observational studies that reported data on ADT administration and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence. The relationship was evaluated through estimate relative risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) Result: A statistically significant difference was detected for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (RR = 1.13; 95% CI, 1.10–1.15; P< 0.05) including a total of 142,186 cases and 174,404 controls. Significant difference between coronary heart disease (CHD) and ADT was also observed, with summary (RR=1.11; 95% confidence interval CI: 1.10-1.13), from 157,339 ADT users and 349,636 non-ADT users of 7 eligible studies. Conclusions: Pooled result demonstrated that ADT could significantly increase the risk of CHD, AMI and sudden cardiac death (SCD). Various ADT modalities have different impact on cardiovascular disease risk in different level. Our meta-analysis also suggests that the application of ADT in prostate cancer patients for over 5 years resulted in a significant increase in cardiovascular morbidity. Moreover, subgroup analyses for different types of ADT indicated that compared with the individual administration of ADT, GnRH plus AA (oral anti-androgens) is more likely significantly lead to AMI.

scholarly journals Investigating Racial Differences among Men in COVID-19 Diagnosis and Related Psychosocial and Behavioral Factors: Data from the Michigan Men’s Health Event

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3284
Author(s):  
Jaclynn Hawkins ◽  
Karen Gilcher ◽  
Claudia Schwenzer ◽  
Michael Lutz
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
African American Men ◽  
White Men ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Medical Issues ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Health Event ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Hispanic White

Extant research is growing in its ability to explain sex differences in novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis and mortality. Moving beyond comparisons based on biological sex is now warranted to capture a more nuanced picture of disparities in COVID-19 diagnosis and mortality specifically among men who are more likely to die of the illness. The objective of this study was to investigate racial disparities in COVID-19-related psychosocial, behavior and health variables among men. The present study utilizes a sample of 824 men who participated in a free health event held in a Midwestern state. Chi-square analysis showed that African American men were more likely to report an adverse impact of COVID-19 based on several factors including experiencing more COVID-19-related medical issues (χ2 = 4.60 p = 0.03); higher COVID-19 diagnosis (χ2 = 4.60 p = 0.02); trouble paying for food (χ2 = 8.47, p = 0.00), rent (χ2 = 12.26, p = 0.00), medication (χ2 = 7.10 p = 0.01) and utility bills (χ2 = 19.68, p = 0.00); higher fear of contracting COVID-19 (χ2 = 31.19, p = 0.00); and higher rates of death of close friends and family due to COVID (χ2 = 48.85, p = 0.00). Non-Hispanic white men reported more increased stress levels due to COVID-19 compared to African American men (χ2 = 10.21, p = 0.01). Regression analysis showed that race was a significant predictor of self-reported COVID-19 diagnosis (OR = 2.56, p < 0.05) after controlling for demographic characteristics. The results showed that compared to non-Hispanic White men, African American men were more likely to report an adverse impact of COVID-19 based on several factors including experiencing more COVID-19-related medical issues; higher COVID-19 diagnosis; trouble paying for food, rent, medication and utility bills; higher fear of contracting COVID-19; and higher rates of death of close friends and family due to COVID. Interestingly, non-Hispanic white men reported more increased stress levels due to COVID-19 compared to African American men.

scholarly journals Prostate cancer topography and tumour conspicuity on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranav Satish ◽  
Alex Freeman ◽  
Daniel Kelly ◽  
Alex Kirkham ◽  
Clement Orczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Peripheral Zone ◽  
Transitional Zone ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prisma Statement ◽  
Tumour Location ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction The implications of tumour location on mpMRI conspicuity are not fully understood. Identifying topographical correlates that influence conspicuity may improve outcomes. Here, we present the first systematic review and meta-analysis describing the effect of tumour location on prostate cancer conspicuity on mpMRI. Methods Medline, PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were systematically searched and results were assessed as per the PRISMA statement. Differential tumour conspicuity on mpMRI was compared between cancers in the peripheral zone (PZ), transitional zone (TZ), base, apex, anterior and posterior. Meta-analysis was conducted to compare diagnostic odds ratios (DOR) of mpMRI detection for tumours in the PZ and TZ. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021228087. Results Thematic synthesis showed apical and basal tumours had reduced conspicuity compared to mid-gland tumours. Cancer in the TZ demonstrated increased conspicuity on T2-weighted imaging, whilst PZ cancers had higher conspicuity on diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast enhancement imaging. mpMRI had better diagnostic accuracy for PZ lesions, albeit higher specificity for TZ lesions. Meta-analysis showed an increased DOR for PZ tumours (OR: 7.206 [95% CI: 4.991;10.403], compared to TZ (OR: 5.310 [95% CI: 3.082; 9.151]). However, the test for subgroup differences was not significant (p = 0.2743). Conclusions Cancer in the apex or base of the prostate may be less conspicuous than mid-gland tumours. Similarly, TZ cancer appears to have reduced conspicuity compared to PZ cancer, however, meta-analysis did not show a significant difference between DOR. Future larger studies with prospective datasets are required to clarify the relationship between tumour position and conspicuity.

Racial differences in veterans’ response to a standard vs. patient-centered decision aid for prostate cancer: Implications for decision making in African American and White men

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 2460-2467
Author(s):  
Aisha T. Langford ◽  
Laura D. Scherer ◽  
Peter A. Ubel ◽  
Margaret Holmes-Rovner ◽  
Karen A. Scherr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
African American ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Decision Aid ◽  
White Men ◽  
Patient Centered

ELEVATED SERUM LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) IS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED RISK OF PROSTATE CANCER IN AFRICAN-AMERICAN MEN

2008 ◽  
Vol 179 (4S) ◽  
pp. 150-150
Author(s):  
Kelvin A Moses ◽  
Thura T Abd ◽  
John A Hall ◽  
Michael Goodman ◽  
Muta M Issa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
African American ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals The Metabolic Syndrome and Biochemical Recurrence following Radical Prostatectomy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Post ◽  
Jennifer L. Beebe-Dimmer ◽  
Hal Morgenstern ◽  
Christine Neslund-Dudas ◽  
Cathryn H. Bock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Biochemical Recurrence ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Racially Diverse ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Reduce Risk

Metabolic syndrome refers to a set of conditions that increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and has been associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, particularly among African American men. This study aimed to estimate the association of metabolic syndrome with biochemical recurrence (BCR) in a racially diverse population. Among 383 radical prostatectomy patients, 67 patients had documented biochemical recurrence. Hypertension was significantly, positively associated with the rate of BCR (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.1; 95%  CI = 1.1, 3.8). There were distinct racial differences in the prevalence of individual metabolic syndrome components; however, the observed associations with BCR did not differ appreciably by race. We conclude that hypertension may contribute to a poorer prognosis in surgically treated prostate cancer patients. Our findings suggest that targeting components of the metabolic syndrome which are potentially modifiable through lifestyle interventions may be a viable strategy to reduce risk of BCR in prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Meta-Analysis of the Relationship between XRCC1-Arg399Gln and Arg280His Polymorphisms and the Risk of Prostate Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yan ◽  
Xiantao Wang ◽  
Hui Tao ◽  
Zengfu Deng ◽  
Wang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Recessive Model ◽  
Dominant Model ◽  
Xrcc1 Arg399gln ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Arg399gln Polymorphism ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Prostate cancer is one of the most common noncutaneous malignancies in Western countries. Because there has been a debate regarding the relationship between the XRCC1-Arg399Gln and Arg280His polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk, we therefore performed this meta-analysis. The electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE and Medline were searched prior to October 1, 2014. An odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were used to calculate association. Heterogeneity was tested by both a chi-square test and I2statistic. Funnel plots and Egger’s test were used to assess publication bias. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA 12.0 software. A significant association between the XRCC1-Arg399Gln polymorphism and prostate cancer risk was found under a homozygote model and a recessive model. A significant association between XRCC1-Arg280His and prostate cancer risk was found under a heterozygote model and a dominant model. Overall, the results of this meta-analysis show that the XRCC1-Arg399Gln polymorphism may be associated with an increased risk for prostate cancer under the homozygote model and the recessive model. And XRCC1-Arg280His polymorphism is likely to be related with prostate cancer risk under the heterozygote model and the dominant model. Additional larger well-designed studies are needed to validate our results.

Impact of Race on Prostate-Specific Antigen Outcome After Radical Prostatectomy for Clinically Localized Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2863-2868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaundre K. Cross ◽  
Delray Shultz ◽  
S. Bruce Malkowicz ◽  
William C. Huang ◽  
Richard Whittington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
African American ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Gleason Score ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
White Men ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
T Stage

PURPOSE: To compare prostate-specific antigen (PSA) outcome after radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer in African-American and white men using previously established risk groups. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1989 and 2000, 2,036 men (n = 162 African-American men, n = 1,874 white men) underwent RP for clinically localized prostate cancer. Using pretreatment PSA, Gleason score, clinical T stage, and percentage of positive biopsy specimens, patients were stratified into low- and high-risk groups. For each risk group, PSA outcome was estimated using the actuarial method of Kaplan and Meier. Comparisons of PSA outcome between African-American and white men were made using the log-rank test. RESULTS: The median age and PSA level for African-American and white men were 60 and 62 years old and 8.8 and 7.0 ng/mL, respectively. African-Americans had a statistically significant increase in PSA (P = .002), Gleason score (P = .003), clinical T stage (P = .004), and percentage of positive biopsy specimens (P = .04) at presentation. However, there was no statistical difference in the distribution of PSA, clinical T stage, or Gleason score between racial groups in the low- and high-risk groups. The 5-year estimate of PSA outcome was 87% in the low-risk group for all patients (P = .70) and 28% versus 32% in African-American and white patients in the high-risk group (P = .28), respectively. Longer follow-up is required to confirm if these results are maintained at 10 years. CONCLUSION: Even though African-American men presented at a younger age and with more advanced disease compared with white men with prostate cancer, PSA outcome after RP when controlled for known clinical predictive factors was not statistically different. This study supports earlier screening in African-American men.

scholarly journals An Examination of Lower Extremity Function and Its Correlates in Older African American and White Men

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivio J. Clay, PhD ◽  
Roland J. Thorpe, Jr., PhD ◽  
Larrell L. Wilkinson, PhD ◽  
Eric P. Plaisance, PhD ◽  
Michael Crowe, PhD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
African American Men ◽  
White Men ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Extremity Function

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Maintaining functional status and reducing/eliminating health disparities in late life are key priorities. Older African Americans have been found to have worse lower extremity functioning than Whites, but little is known about potential differences in correlates between African American and White men. The goal of this investigation was to examine measures that could explain this racial difference and to identify race-specific correlates of lower extremity function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were analyzed for a sample of community-dwelling men. Linear regres­sion models examined demographics, medical conditions, health behaviors, and perceived discrimination and mental health as correlates of an objective measure of lower extremity function, the Short Physi­cal Performance Battery (SPPB). Scores on the SPPB have a potential range of 0 to 12 with higher scores corresponding to better functioning.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of all men was 74.9 years (SD=6.5), and the sample was 50% African American and 53% rural. African American men had scores on the SPPB that were significantly lower than White men after adjusting for age, rural residence, marital status, education, and income dif­ficulty (<em>P</em>&lt;.01). Racial differences in cognitive functioning accounted for approximately 41% of the race effect on physical function. Additional models stratified by race revealed a pattern of similar correlates of the SPPB among African American and White men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this investigation can be helpful for researchers and clinicians to aid in identifying older men who are at-risk for poor lower extremity function and in planning targeted interventions to help reduce disparities. <em>Ethn Dis.</em>2015;25(3):271- 278.</p>

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