“I Don’t Shag Dirty Girls”

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Limmer

Understanding and addressing the sexual risk taking of young men remains a key research, policy, and practice concern in attempts to improve the emotional and physical sexual health of young men and their sexual partners. This article explores one of the ways in which young men attempt to mitigate sexual risk through the assigning of labels to particular young women and using these as a basis for their decisions in relation to sexual activity, contraception, and condom use. The article uses the lens of hegemonic masculinities theory to increase understanding of the role played by the construction and performance of marginalized masculinities and how these in turn are influenced by social exclusionary processes. The article draws on focus group and interview data from 46 young men aged 15 to 17 years living in the northwest of England, purposively selected on the basis of the prevailing policy definitions of social inclusion and exclusion. The article describes a form of marginalized masculinity pertaining to socially excluded young men, which as a result of limited access to other tenets of hegemonic masculinity, is disproportionately reliant on sexual expertise and voracity alongside overt demonstrations of their superiority over women. It is in this context that young women are assigned the labels of “dirty” or “clean” on the basis of a selection of arbitrary judgments relating to dress, demeanor, area of residence, and perceived sexual activities. The motivations of the young men, the impact on young women, and the policy and practice implications are all discussed.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mphatso Kamndaya

Abstract Objective: Understanding how context-specific measures of urban disadvantage are associated with sexual risk is critical to the refinement of effective HIV prevention interventions in urban disadvantaged settings in sub-Saharan Africa . This study describes how a mixed methods research design was used to get a more nuanced understanding of young people’s experience of material deprivation and their motivation for sexual risk-taking in urban disadvantaged settings. The study involved secondary analysis of data (n=560) from South Africa, primary qualitative study with 60 young people and household survey (n = 1,071) in Malawi. Legitimation strategies were used to identify inferences from the findings. Material deprivation characteristics that explained the most variance in sexual risk were determined by using logged coefficients multiplied by their standard deviations. Results: In South Africa, financial difficulty (0.16 = (log 2.11)*(0.50)) exerted the strongest effects on sexual risk followed by deprivation (0.10 = (log 1.43)*(0.66)) among young women, while for young men, material deprivation (0.04 = (log 1.20)*(0.50)) showed significant effects on sexual risk-taking. However in Malawi, material deprivation (0.08 = (log 1.37)*(0.58)) and unemployment (0.12 = (log 1.77)*(0.50)) were the most influential indicators of deprivation associated with coercive sex among young women and young men respectively.


2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051984573
Author(s):  
Candice Norcott ◽  
Kate Keenan ◽  
Kristen Wroblewski ◽  
Alison Hipwell ◽  
Stephanie Stepp

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliza A. Dragowski ◽  
Perry N. Halkitis ◽  
Robert W. Moeller ◽  
Daniel E. Siconolfi

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-57
Author(s):  
John Githii Kimani ◽  
Dr. George Ruigu Ruigu

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of research and development investment/expenditure on the agricultural sector performance in Kenya.Methodology: The study took the peoples impact assessment direction. The data for this study was collected from various government agencies such as KARI, ASTI, Kenya Agricultural Sector Data compendium website, FAOSTAT, World Bank among others. Co-integration and error correction modeling methods were used in analyzing the data for this study.Results: Co-integration results for both the parsimonious and non-parsimonious model indicated that that there is a long-run relationship among the variables in the agriculture performance in Kenya. Further, findings in this study indicated that the variables under study were insignificant determinants of the long run Total Factor Productivity of the agricultural sector.  Meanwhile, Trade openness was the only significant determinant of the short run agricultural Total Factor Productivity.Unique Contribution to Policy and Practice: This study recommends the institutionalization of policies aimed at ensuring interaction between the various stakeholders in the agricultural sectors. This interaction will ensure that resources are better allocated to reduce duplication of research and dissemination activities. In addition, greater collaboration among the stakeholders will promote and strengthen the connection between research, policy and the application of research findings. The study further advocates that the government should follow a trade liberazation oriented approach to the agricultural sector as opposed to a trade tightening approach.


Resources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Carly A. Fletcher ◽  
Karolina Niemenoja ◽  
Rhiannon Hunt ◽  
Jill Adams ◽  
Alan Dempsey ◽  
...  

Bio-based and biodegradable materials have the potential to replace traditional petroleum-based plastics across a range of products and contribute to a more circular economy. However, the uptake of these materials will not succeed unless consumers, manufacturers, and regulators are convinced of their efficacy. Investigating performance and safety concerns put forward by academic and non-academic communities, this paper assesses whether these concerns are being adequately addressed by current policy and regulation. In addition, measures to overcome significant concerns are developed through a series of stakeholder engagement events, informed by the Prospex-CQI-and STIR methodology. Discussions across the stakeholder engagement events have highlighted several concerns that create barriers to market up-take of bio-based and biodegradable plastic products, including the continued confusion regarding terminology and resultant communication, difficulties in navigating the plethora of documents related to safety, the appropriateness of safety documents when applied to new products, and the overall suitability and sustainability of such materials as an alternative to traditional plastics. To overcome these concerns, a series of recommendations for research, policy, and practice are made with respect to the following key areas of concern: regulation and legislative instruments, material quality and performance, market penetration and availability, waste management infrastructure, sourcing and supply chain, communication and information provision, and material health and safety.


2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allysa L. Ciancio ◽  
Raza M. Mirza ◽  
Amy A. Ciancio ◽  
Christopher A. Klinger

Context: Though palliative sedation has been recognized as an acceptable practice in Canada for many years now, there is a lack of clinical research and guidelines pertaining to its use as a treatment of existential refractory symptoms in the terminally ill. Objectives: This scoping review aimed to survey the literature surrounding palliative sedation and existential suffering and to inform research, policy, and practice. Methods: To address the main research question: Is palliative sedation an acceptable intervention to treat existential refractory symptoms in adults aged 65 and older? a scoping review following Arksey and O’Malley’s framework was performed, spanning electronic databases of the peer reviewed and grey literature. Articles were screened for inclusion, and a thematic content analysis allowed for a summary of key findings. Results: Out of 427 search results, 71 full text articles were obtained, 20 of which were included. Out of these articles, four themes were identified as key findings. These included: (1) Ethical considerations; (2) The role of the health care provider; looking specifically at the impact on nurses; (3) The need for multidisciplinary care teams; and (4) Existential suffering’s connection to religiosity and spirituality. Conclusion: Palliative sedation to treat existential refractory symptoms was labelled a controversial practice. A shortage of evidence-based resources limits the current literature’s ability to inform policy and clinical practice. There is a need for both qualitative and quantitative multi-center research so health care professionals and regional-level institutions have firm roots to establish proper policy and practice.


Sexual Health ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly M. Nelson ◽  
Matthew R. Golden ◽  
Sara Nelson Glick

Background Sexually explicit media (SEM) consumption may contribute to sexual risk-taking among young men who have sex with men (YMSM). Methods: The prevalence and frequency of SEM consumption as well as associations with contextual and sexual risk characteristics among 61 YMSM were estimated. Results: All participants (n = 61, 100%) reported viewing SEM; 45 (74%) in the past week. There were no significant associations between viewing SEM in the past week and measured characteristics. Conclusion: SEM use among YMSM is extremely common. Future research should clarify potential relations between SEM and sexual risk-taking with larger samples of YMSM and specific measures, including SEM content and amount.


2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 779-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Hee Cho ◽  
Sherry A. Span

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