scholarly journals A Content Analysis of Testosterone Websites: Sex, Muscle, and Male Age-Related Thematic Differences

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Ivanov ◽  
Jimmy Vuong ◽  
Peter B. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Older Men ◽  
The United States ◽  
Home Pages ◽  
Behavioral Endocrinology ◽  
Online Sales ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Over 40 Years

Male testosterone supplementation is a large and growing industry. How is testosterone marketed to male consumers online? The present exploratory study entailed a content coding analysis of the home pages of 49 websites focused on testosterone supplementation for men in the United States. Four hypotheses concerning anticipated age-related differences in content coding were also tested: more frequent longevity content toward older men, and more frequent social dominance/physical formidability, muscle, and sex content toward younger men. Codes were created based on inductive observations and drawing upon the medical, life history, and human behavioral endocrinology literatures. Approximately half ( n = 24) of websites were oriented toward younger men (estimated audience of men 40 years of age or younger) and half ( n = 25) toward older men (estimated audience over 40 years of age). Results indicated that the most frequent content codes concerned online sales (e.g., product and purchasing information). Apart from sales information, the most frequent codes concerned, in order, muscle, sex/sexual functioning, low T, energy, fat, strength, aging, and well-being, with all four hypotheses also supported. These findings are interpreted in the light of medical, evolutionary life history, and human behavioral endocrinology approaches.

scholarly journals Sex, Energy, Well-Being and Low Testosterone: An Exploratory Survey of U.S. Men’s Experiences on Prescription Testosterone

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex A. Straftis ◽  
Peter B. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life History Theory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Testosterone Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Endocrinology ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Low Testosterone ◽  
Primary Focus

Prescription testosterone sales in the United States have skyrocketed in the last two decades due to an aging population, direct-to-consumer advertising, and prescriber views of the benefits and risks to testosterone, among other factors. However, few studies have attempted to directly examine patient experiences on prescription testosterone therapy. The present exploratory study involved an online self-report survey of U.S. testosterone patients who were at least 21 years of age. The primary focus was on patient perspectives concerning motivations leading to the initiation of testosterone therapy and the perceived effects of treatment. Responses to open-ended questions drew upon a coding scheme incorporating both inductive and deductive approaches, influenced by the clinical, male life history theory, and behavioral endocrinology literature. Results indicated that the most frequent reasons men gave for taking prescription testosterone were low testosterone (37.1%), well-being (35.2%), energy (28.7%), libido (21.9%), and social energy (19.4%); older men claimed libido as a motivation for testosterone initiation more frequently than younger men (p < 0.001). Men most frequently claimed testosterone improved their energy (52.3%), libido (41.9%), and muscle (28.5%). Results are interpreted in the context of medical, life history theoretical and behavioral endocrinology approaches, including an emphasis on sex and energy.

scholarly journals SENIOR FRIENDLY PACKAGING AND PRODUCT TESTING: FEEDBACK FROM OLDER CONSUMERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S639-S640
Author(s):  
Lisa A Hollis-Sawyer ◽  
Alison O’Neil
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Color Contrast ◽  
Product Testing ◽  
Package Design ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract By 2050, older adults ages 65 or older will account for 83.7 million people in the U.S. population (An Aging Nation: The Older Population in the United States, 2014). It is imperative that products and technologies are designed to accommodate age-related changes that older adults are likely to experience. Given this population surge of older adults, there is a growing interest in identifying consumer products that are usable for older adults or “senior friendly.” Senior-friendly product testing (e.g., Senior Select®) focuses on the usability of various health and consumer products targeted to people with diminishment of any of the following: hearing, vision, taste, touch, smell, mobility & dexterity and /or mental acuity. A usability evaluation study was conducted in three senior living communities located in the Atlanta area. Twenty-nine participants ranged in age from 66 years old to 102 years old. Participants were shown a snack bar product and then asked to use the product themselves to perform a series of prepared tasks. After interacting with the product, participants were asked to share any comments that they had concerning the product. Issues of color contrast between the main packaging and the pull tab, easy of gripping and tearing the wrapper, the labeling of the nutrition information, and the package labeling (should refer to “adult” snack) were reported. Many respondents suggested that senior-friendly package design relates to their health and well-being. Implications toward a wide range of products for older adults of varying ability levels will be discussed.

Reference intervals for plasma lipoperoxides: age-, sex-, and specimen-related variations.

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2289-2291 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Knight ◽  
S E Smith ◽  
V E Kinder ◽  
H B Anstall
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Sodium Citrate ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Younger Men

Abstract We measured lipoperoxides, as malondialdehyde (MDA), by liquid chromatography in plasma from 230 male and 148 female adult blood donors, to establish reliable reference values and to compare possible sex-, age-, and specimen-related differences. Our studies show that mean have higher MDA concentrations in plasma than do women (P less than 0.05), older men have higher values than younger men (P less than 0.05), and older women have higher values than young women (P less than 0.001). These age-related results support earlier studies in experimental animals that lipid peroxidation increases with increasing age. In addition, plasma from liquid EDTA-anti-coagulated blood has significantly lower MDA concentrations than does serum or plasma from blood treated with lithium heparin, sodium citrate, or CPDA-1 (P less than 0.001).

Catalyst to Connection: When Technical Difficulties Lead to Social Support for Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1167-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Francis ◽  
Travis Kadylak ◽  
Taj. W. Makki ◽  
R. V. Rikard ◽  
Shelia R. Cotten
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Ict Use ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Impact

Information and communication technology (ICT) use can mitigate the negative impact of various age-related threats, such as isolation and loneliness, by facilitating connection with social ties and access to social support. Although research regarding various uses and benefits of ICTs among older adults has increased, there is limited research regarding the impact of technical difficulties on older adults’ well-being. Our study explores technical difficulties encountered, how older adults cope with ICT failure, and the various forms of social support that may result as a consequence of accessing technical support. We use data from nine semistructured focus groups conducted with older adults in the Midwest region of the United States. Results show that older adults may adapt new strategies for coping with the technical difficulties that arise from regular ICT use. Furthermore, as older adults incorporate ICTs into their daily lives and seek assistance from social ties and experts, they may also be indirectly combating the threat of isolation and loneliness.

The Implications of Increasing Age on Erectile Dysfunction

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal C. Wagle ◽  
Maurita H. Carrejo ◽  
Robert S. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Penile Artery ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
History Of

Erectile dysfunction (ED) has long been correlated with psychological well-being. More recently, an understanding has developed of ED being, in some cases, a vascular condition of the penile artery. Given the narrowness of the penile artery, a small amount of atherosclerosis may result in ED before any other manifestations are evident, making ED a useful marker for other vascular conditions with potentially greater clinical implications. In light of this, possible underreporting of ED takes on added significance. A questionnaire regarding ED prevalence and management was distributed for self-administration to men in the waiting room of primary care clinics; the data were analyzed with a focus on the relationship between ED and age. The study had a remarkable response rate of >95%. The prevalence of ED in the ≥70-year age-group was 77%, compared with 61% in the 40- to 69-year age-group ( p = .0001). ED correlated linearly with age ( R2 = .80, p < .0001). Among those who had ED, more than half had not discussed it with any provider; the likelihood of discussing ED did increase with the reported severity of symptoms ( p < .0001). Older men had more severe ED than younger men ( p < .0001). Furthermore, 72% of men with a history of ED were never treated. Younger men were more likely to be treated than older men ( p = .004). Given the potential implications of underreporting ED, and the willingness of the men in this study to complete the questionnaire, further work may be merited on new models for ED assessment and follow-up.

Health Burden, Support Adequacy, and Depressive Symptoms in Older Men With HIV

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1131-1140
Author(s):  
Aaron M Ogletree ◽  
Mark Brennan-Ing ◽  
Rosemary Blieszner ◽  
Stephen E Karpiak ◽  
Laura P Sands
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Health Burden ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Background and Objectives Older adults with HIV face greater health burden than HIV-uninfected counterparts. Little is known about resources that might mediate the influence of physiological health burden on psychological well-being. Informed by the stress process model, we assessed the influence of multifaceted health burden indicators on depressive symptoms and evaluated the mediating effects of social support adequacy. Research Design and Methods This cross-sectional study used structural equation modeling with data from 640 older men who participated in the Research on Older Adults with HIV study in the United States. Health burden assessment included number of age-related chronic conditions, multiple HIV-related chronic conditions, and self-rated health. Perceptions of instrumental and emotional support adequacy measured support as a coping resource. Depressed mood as assessed by the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was the indicator of psychological well-being. Results Higher incidence of age-related conditions and worse self-rated health was significantly associated with more depressed mood. Self-rated health and HIV-related conditions showed a significant indirect effect on depressed mood via emotional support adequacy. Discussion and Implications Each dimension of health burden demonstrated a distinct pathway to psychological well-being for men with HIV, which should be considered when prioritizing care plans. Complementing research on medical interventions for people with HIV, these findings suggest that nonpharmacological interventions may be important for improving overall well-being.

scholarly journals Variability of Pain Outcomes and Physical Activity Among a Diverse Sample of Older Men: Is It More Than Just Race?

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 233372141987858
Author(s):  
Tamara A. Baker ◽  
Elizabeth Vásquez ◽  
Jacquelyn A. Minahan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
White Men ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Older Men ◽  
The United States ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Pain Outcomes

There is a compendium of data documenting the increasing number of older adults. This suggests the continued need to understand identified health outcomes across domains of pain and physical activity, particularly among older men. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate race similarities and/or differences in pain and rates of physical activity among White, Black, and Hispanic men 60+ years of age. Data were taken from the Health and Retirement Study, a longitudinal panel study surveying a representative sample of people in the United States. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine associations between race and pain and the odds of regular physical activity. Results showed that Black men were less likely to participate in light or moderate/vigorous physical activity. Similarly, pain increased the odds of physical activity among Hispanics, but decreased the odds of physical activity among White men. Findings may reflect a number of factors that impact the well-being of what it means to experience pain and physical functioning, while also assuming a masculine identity. This perspective may allow for a better understanding of short- and long-term implications of the pain experience and the pain and physical functioning dyad among this group of men.

scholarly journals Pathways to Educational Disparities in Disability Incidence: The Contributions of Excess Body Mass Index, Smoking, and Manual Labor Involvement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarlise Townsend ◽  
Neil K Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Older Men ◽  
The United States ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Manual Labor ◽  
Educational Disparities ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Younger Men

Abstract Objectives In the United States, educational disparities in disability are large and increasing, but the mechanisms underlying them are not well understood. We estimate the proportion of population-level educational disparities in disability incidence explained by excess body mass index (BMI), smoking, and manual labor. Method We use waves 2003–2015 of the nationally representative Panel Study of Income Dynamics to calculate observed disability incidence and counterfactual incidence absent the key mediators (3,129 individuals; 13,168 observations). We take advantage of earlier-life measures, including childhood socioeconomic status, 1986 BMI, and occupational history between 1968 and 2001. To account for distinct processes in women and men at middle versus older ages, we stratify by gender and at age 65. Results Educational disparities in disability incidence were evident in women and men at younger and older ages, and were largest among older women. Together, the mediators of interest were estimated to explain roughly 60% of disparities in younger women, 65%–70% in younger men, 40% in older women, and 20%–60% in older men. The main contributors to disparities appeared to be excess BMI and smoking in younger women; manual labor and smoking in younger men; excess BMI in older women; and smoking in older men. Discussion These mediators explain much of disparities in earlier-age disability; successful interventions to address these factors may substantially reduce them. However, a considerable proportion of disparities remained unexplained, particularly at older ages, reflecting the myriad pathways by which educational attainment can influence disability status.

Effects of caffeine ingestion on NE kinetics, fat oxidation, and energy expenditure in younger and older men

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (6) ◽  
pp. E1192-E1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Arciero ◽  
A. W. Gardner ◽  
J. Calles-Escandon ◽  
N. L. Benowitz ◽  
E. T. Poehlman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Fat Oxidation ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Caffeine Ingestion ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Baseline Values

Age-related differences in energy expenditure, fat oxidation, and norepinephrine (NE) kinetics after caffeine ingestion were examined using a placebo-controlled double-blind study in 10 older (O, 65-80 yr) and 10 younger (Y, 19-26 yr) men who were moderate consumers of caffeine. Caffeine ingestion resulted in similar increases in Y and O men for plasma caffeine levels (Y = 89 +/- 100 to 6,340 +/- 1,938 ng/ml, P < 0.05; O = 124 +/- 38 to 7,066 +/- 2,366 ng/ml, P < 0.05) and energy expenditure (Y = 11%, 1.38 +/- 0.15 to 1.52 +/- 0.22 kcal/min, P < 0.05; O = 9.5%, 1.15 +/- 0.13 to 1.26 +/- 0.20 kcal/min, P < 0.05). However, caffeine ingestion increased fatty acid concentrations (362 +/- 159 to 803 +/- 253 mumol/l, P < 0.05) and tended to increase rate of appearance of fatty acids (624 +/- 376 to 1,394 +/- 1,331 mumol/l, P = 0.07) in younger but not older men. Rates of fat oxidation and NE appearance and clearance did not significantly differ from baseline values in either group. In conclusion, older and younger men show a similar thermogenic response to caffeine ingestion, whereas older men show a smaller increase in fatty acid availability after a caffeine challenge. These metabolic differences are not related to alterations in NE kinetics or fat oxidation.

scholarly journals The Ups and Downs of Daily Life During COVID-19: Age Differences in Affect, Stress, and Positive Events

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Klaiber ◽  
Jin H Wen ◽  
Anita DeLongis ◽  
Nancy L Sin
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Daily Stressors ◽  
Positive Events ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Affective Reactivity ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Objectives Past research has linked older age with greater emotional well-being and decreased reactivity to stressors, but it is unknown whether age-related advantages in emotional well-being are maintained in the wake of COVID-19. We examined age differences in exposure and affective reactivity to daily stressors and positive events in the first several weeks of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods In March and April 2020, 776 adults from Canada and the United States aged 18–91 (mean age 45) years reported COVID-19 threats at baseline, then completed nightly surveys for 1 week about their daily stressors, positive events, and affect. Results Younger age predicted more concerns about the threat of COVID-19 across multiple domains, in addition to lower positive affect, higher negative affect, and less frequent positive events. Younger adults had more non-COVID-19 daily stressors and higher perceived control over stressors, but lower perceived coping efficacy than older adults. There were no age differences in the frequency of COVID-19 daily stressors nor perceived stressor severity. Younger adults had greater reductions in negative affect on days when more positive events occurred and greater increases in negative affect on days when non-COVID-19 stressors occurred. Age moderation was attenuated for negative affective reactivity to COVID-19 stressors. Age did not moderate positive affective reactivity to daily events. Discussion In the early weeks of the pandemic, older adults showed better emotional well-being and less reactivity to stressors but did not differ from younger adults in their exposure to COVID-19 stressors. Additionally, younger adults benefited more from positive events.

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