scholarly journals An Analysis of the Costs of Uganda's Child Days Plus: Do Low Costs Reveal an Efficient Program or an Underfinanced One?

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Fiedler ◽  
Richard Semakula
Keyword(s):  
Low Costs ◽  
Efficient Program

BOEHLER M333 ISOPLAST

Alloy Digest ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Plastic Mold

Abstract Boehler M333 Isoplast is a plastic mold steel with low levels of impurities to meet high gloss surfaces at low costs. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, and elasticity. It also includes information on heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: TS-729. Producer or source: Böhler Edelstahl GmbH & Company KG.

Design of combined brake system for light weight scooters

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702110240
Author(s):  
Yuan-Ting Lin ◽  
Chyuan-Yow Tseng ◽  
Jao-Hwa Kuang ◽  
Yeong-Maw Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Ride Comfort ◽  
Brake System ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Evaluation Indexes ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Good Agreement

The combined brake system (CBS) is a mechanism that links the front and rear brakes for scooters. For two-wheeled scooters, a CBS with appropriate braking force distribution can reduce the risk of crashing accidents due to insufficient driving proficiency. The design of the braking force distribution for a CBS is challenging to the designer because it has to fulfill many requirements such as braking performance, ride comfort, reliability, and low costs. This paper proposes a systematic method to optimize the parameters of CBS. The evaluation indexes for the design are first discussed. The steps to determine the critical parameter to meet the indexes and a method to predict braking performance are developed. Finally, driving tests are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Experimental results showed that the deceleration of the tested scooter equipped with the designed CBS achieves an average mean fully developed deceleration (MFDD) of 5.246 m/s2, higher than the homologation requirement. Furthermore, the proposed method’s prediction of braking performance is in good agreement with the test results, with errors <1%.

scholarly journals Fungal Based Biopolymer Composites for Construction Materials

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2906
Author(s):  
Iuliana Răut ◽  
Mariana Călin ◽  
Zina Vuluga ◽  
Florin Oancea ◽  
Jenica Paceagiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Heat Exposure ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Bacterial Spores ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
Insulation Material ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Microscopy Images

Environmental contamination, extensive exploitation of fuel sources and accessibility of natural renewable resources represent the premises for the development of composite biomaterials. These materials have controlled properties, being obtained through processes operated in mild conditions with low costs, and contributing to the valorization of byproducts from agriculture and industry fields. A novel board composite including lignocelullosic substrate as wheat straws, fungal mycelium and polypropylene embedded with bacterial spores was developed and investigated in the present study. The bacterial spores embedded in polymer were found to be viable even after heat exposure, helping to increase the compatibility of polymer with hydrophilic microorganisms. Fungal based biopolymer composite was obtained after cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum macromycetes on a mixture including wheat straws and polypropylene embedded with spores from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy images showed the fungal mycelium covering the substrates with a dense network of filaments. The resulted biomaterial is safe, inert, renewable, natural, biodegradable and it can be molded in the desired shape. The fungal biocomposite presented similar compressive strength and improved thermal insulation capacity compared to polystyrene with high potential to be used as thermal insulation material for applications in construction sector.

Design of PDF4172D Barcode Watermarking System Based on SOPC

2012 ◽  
Vol 220-223 ◽  
pp. 2903-2907
Author(s):  
Xiu Juan Zhang ◽  
Jia Ming Luan ◽  
Li Na Ni
Keyword(s):  
Digital Watermarking ◽  
Pci Bus ◽  
Verilog Hdl ◽  
C Language ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Pci Bus Interface ◽  
Interface Chip ◽  
Sd Card ◽  
Hardware And Software System

This paper introduces the design of PDF417 two-dimensional barcode digital watermarking system with SOPC chip EP2C70F896C6 made by Alters fully. Analyzed structure and working principle of the hardware and software. System used video conversion chip VGA of DE2-70 development board made by Terasic Technologies and PCI bus interface chip SD card, realized the barcode watermark control with Verilog HDL and C language common programming. The system has many merits such as high velocity, good commonality and low costs etc.

The biplanar thyristor: A method for combining reliability and low costs

1969 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-252
Author(s):  
W. Kauffman ◽  
H.P. Albus
Keyword(s):  
Low Costs

Neoteric Material Based on Renewable Resources for Metal-Contaminated Waters

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Iolanda-Veronica Ganea ◽  
Alexandrina Nan ◽  
Iulia Neamțiu ◽  
Călin Baciu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Metal Release ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Environmental Media ◽  
New Material ◽  
Low Costs

A continuous increase of environmental pollution has been recorded worldwide, during recent decades, as a result of industrialization and urbanization. In particular, metal release in the environmental media may threaten human health, due to their persistence and accumulation in the food chain. We report here the functionalization of chitosan with poly(benzofurane-co-arylacetic) acid, which is a new material with the ability of complex metals from contaminated water. The synthesized polymer was structurally investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photon electron microscopy (XPS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), while heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Different isotherms and kinetic models were used to describe the absorption equilibrium and the behavior of the material, based on the initial pollutant concentration and contact time. The results are pointing out that such natural materials can be easily synthesized, at low costs, thus offering attractive solutions for wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Cottage Industries in Kakamega County, Kenya

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
PaulPeter M. Makokha
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Cottage Industries

Cottage industries are the home-based units of production which rely on human- or animal-propelled skills and technology. They are characterized by accessibility to raw materials, low costs of operation, and proximity to markets. The cottage industries highlighted in this research paper are: pottery, crude sugar production, brick-making, liquor production, quarrying and masonry, carpentry, traditional medicine production, charcoal production, basketry and weaving, baking, bicycle repair, flour-grinding, and shoe-making and repair. 

scholarly journals Large scale laboratory cultures of Ankistrodesmus gracilis (Reisch) Korsikov (Chlorophyta) and Diaphanosoma biergei Korinek, 1981 (Cladocera)

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 875-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
LH. Sipaúba-Tavares ◽  
AML. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Weight Protein ◽  
Low Costs

Large-scale lab culture of Ankistrodesmus gracilis and Diaphanososma birgei were evaluated by studying the biology and biochemical composition of the species and production costs. Ankistrodesmus gracilis presented exponential growth until the 6th day, with approximately 144 x 10(4) cells.mL-1, followed by a sharp decrease to 90 x 10(4) cells.mL-1 (8th day). Algae cells tended to increase again from the 11th day and reached a maximum of 135 x 10(4) cells.mL-1 on the 17th day. D. birgei culture showed exponential growth until the 9th day with 140 x 10² individuals.L-1, and increased again as from the 12th day. Algae A. gracilis and zooplankton D. birgei contain 47 to 70% dry weight protein and over 5% dry weight carbohydrates. The most expensive items in the context of variable costs were labor and electricity. Data suggested that temperature, nutrients, light availability and culture management were determining factors on productivity. Results indicate that NPK (20-5-20) may be used directly as a good alternative for mass cultivation when low costs are taken into account, promoting adequate growth and nutritional value for cultured A. gracilis and D. birgei.

scholarly journals Indoor Bluetooth Low Energy Dataset for Localization, Tracking, Occupancy, and Social Interaction

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 4462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Baronti ◽  
Paolo Barsocchi ◽  
Stefano Chessa ◽  
Fabio Mavilia ◽  
Filippo Palumbo
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Indoor Localization ◽  
Meaningful Use ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Bluetooth Low Energy ◽  
Novel Technologies ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
Open Datasets

Indoor localization has become a mature research area, but further scientific developments are limited due to the lack of open datasets and corresponding frameworks suitable to compare and evaluate specialized localization solutions. Although several competitions provide datasets and environments for comparing different solutions, they hardly consider novel technologies such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), which is gaining more and more importance in indoor localization due to its wide availability in personal and environmental devices and to its low costs and flexibility. This paper contributes to cover this gap by: (i) presenting a new indoor BLE dataset; (ii) reviewing several, meaningful use cases in different application scenarios; and (iii) discussing alternative uses of the dataset in the evaluation of different positioning and navigation applications, namely localization, tracking, occupancy and social interaction.

The Global Software Industry Evaluating the Software Markets of the BRIC Nations

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
John McManus
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Software Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Software Markets ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
India And China

The world software industry and associated markets are estimated to be worth 1.1 trillion US Dollars, ninety percent of the world's exports in software is from the United States and Europe evidence would also suggest that outside the United States and Europe, the new and emerging countries within the software industry are Brazil, Russia, India and China (known as the BRIC Nations). The Software industry greatly affects the economic systems of these countries. Although figures vary these emerging markets account currently for around 6 per cent of global export markets. While “lower cost labour” is the most commonly cited reason for offshoring, intense global competition in an environment of slower growth and low inflation demands constant vigilance over costs. Due to low costs and high quality, using offshore resources in selected countries seems to make good economic sense. Beyond the cost incentive, global sourcing provides several other practical benefits including: the ability of multinational organisations to efficiently stage all year round operations; the opportunity to customize products and services to meet local needs; and the means of geographically deploying workers and facilities to succeed in globally dispersed, highly competitive markets. This paper examines some of the issues within these emerging countries within the wider global software industry.

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