Neoteric Material Based on Renewable Resources for Metal-Contaminated Waters

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Iolanda-Veronica Ganea ◽  
Alexandrina Nan ◽  
Iulia Neamțiu ◽  
Călin Baciu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Metal Release ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Environmental Media ◽  
New Material ◽  
Low Costs

A continuous increase of environmental pollution has been recorded worldwide, during recent decades, as a result of industrialization and urbanization. In particular, metal release in the environmental media may threaten human health, due to their persistence and accumulation in the food chain. We report here the functionalization of chitosan with poly(benzofurane-co-arylacetic) acid, which is a new material with the ability of complex metals from contaminated water. The synthesized polymer was structurally investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photon electron microscopy (XPS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), while heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Different isotherms and kinetic models were used to describe the absorption equilibrium and the behavior of the material, based on the initial pollutant concentration and contact time. The results are pointing out that such natural materials can be easily synthesized, at low costs, thus offering attractive solutions for wastewater treatment.

Laccase Biosensor Based on Ag-Doped TiO2 Nanoparticles on CuCNFs for the Determination of Hydroquinone

NANO ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1650132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yang ◽  
Dawei Li ◽  
Zengyuan Pang ◽  
Qufu Wei
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
The Novel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
New Material ◽  
And Storage

A novel nanomaterial composed of copper and carbon nanofibers (CuCNFs) decorated with Ag-doped TiO2 (Ag–TiO[Formula: see text] nanoparticles was prepared through electrospinning, carbonization and solvothermal treatment. The composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The obtained composites were mixed with laccase and Nafion to construct novel hydroquinone biosensor. The electrochemical behavior of the novel biosensor was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry. The results demonstrated that the biosensor possessed a wide detection linear range (1.20–176.50[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]M), a good selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility and storage stability. This work provides a new material to design more efficient laccase (Lac) based biosensor for hydroquinone detection.

scholarly journals Modification of Three Types of Bentonite with Zirconium Oxide Chloride (ZOC) of Local Products Using Intercalation Process

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzakky Muzakky ◽  
Supriyanto C
Keyword(s):  
Porous Material ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Intercalation Process ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
New Material ◽  
Process Product ◽  
Alkaline Earth Cations

Three types of bentonite modified with ZOC local products of Center for Accelerator Science and Technology-National Nuclear Energy Agency using intercalation process have been done. The purpose of this research is to create new material as a catalyst or industrial raw materials. Existance of chloride anion on the intercalation process product was releasing with water and titration using silver nitrate. The release of alkali and alkaline earth cations and Fe3+, Al3+ and Zn3+ into the water phase (WP) and the solids phase (SP) was detected by atomic absorption Spectrometry (AAS). While X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) was to observe of Zr intercalated to bentonite layer. Modificated products were form of a porous material and their measured as micro, meso and macro pores using Surface Area Analysis (SAA) and the image of the porous material was observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Intercalation process products obtained were porous materials with a porous size of 1.50-1.55 nm at bentonite-3 with a pore area of 2250 (m2/Å/g) and TEM image of the 50 nm was the most transparent among the others. As for the pores size of 1.60-1.97 nm to meso pores size of 2.0-50.0 nm were dominated by bentonite 2 with a maximum of pore 1250 (m2/Å/g). While the results of the TEM image of bentonite 2, although their porous degree were small they have the pores size distribution of 5.7% micro-pore, 52.5% meso-pore and 41.7% macro-pore.

Mixture of Granite Waste and LD Steel Slag for Use in Cement Production

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 1535-1540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano da Costa Borges ◽  
Monica Castoldi Borlini Gadioli ◽  
Luiz Alberto Baptista Pinto ◽  
José Roberto de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
New Material ◽  
Scanning Electron

A great amount of granite waste and steel slag is generated daily in Brazil, being those constituted mainly by SiO2and CaO, respectively. The objective of this work was to characterize the material formed after melting and cooling of the mixture of granite waste and LD steel slag, with basicity (CaO/SiO2) of 1.0, aiming to evaluate the technical feasibility of this to the Portland cement production. Two samples were prepared and melted. After the melting of the mixture, one sample was cooled in water and another in the furnace. The samples characterization was carried out through X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the new material formed presented amorphous state, to the samples cooled in water and akermanite and gehlenite phases, considered ideals for the hydraulic activity of the slags, in the sample cooled in the furnace. Therefore, the mixture of those two wastes can be a new alternative for the use of both, allied to the decrease of the environmental impact.

Synthesis and application of a novel core-shell-shell magnetic ion imprinted polymer as a selective adsorbent of trace amounts of silver ions

e-Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahil Jalilian ◽  
Alireza Taheri
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Template Molecule ◽  
Ion Imprinted Polymer ◽  
Imprinted Polymer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Ion Imprinted

AbstractIon-imprinted polymer (IIP) technology has received considerable attention for its greatest potential application. In this work, a novel magnetic nano ion-imprinted polymer (MIIP) for the selective and sensitive pre-concentration of silver (I) ions were used. It was obtained using Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2 nanoparticles as a magnetic support of adsorbent, Ag(I)-2,4-diamino-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine (DPT) complex as the template molecule and methacrylic acid (MAA), 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA), as the functional monomer, the radical initiator and crosslinker, respectively. The synthesized polymer nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). Silver ions were separate from the polymer and measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The maximum adsorption capacity of the novel imprinted adsorbent for Ag(I) was calculated to be 62.5 mg g−1. The developed method was applied to the preconcentration of the analyte in the water, radiology film and food samples, and satisfactory results were obtained.

Washing, Spraying and Brushing. A Comparison of Paper Deacidification by Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Wójciak
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Extracts ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe paper presents the results of studies on the deacidification of model papers (Whatman) using nanodispersions of magnesium hydroxide in 2-propanol. Preliminary experiments showed greater effectiveness of nanodispersion deacidification in comparison with the standard magnesium hydroxide reagent which was applied in the form of micrometric particles. Further analyses compared the effectiveness of deacidification by washing, spraying and brushing. Although all of the tested methods caused an increase in the pH of paper water extracts, the assays of magnesium contents using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy with an Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX) showed greatest effectiveness of deacidification by washing. Dispersion spraying requires repetition of the operation at least three times in order to provide an effect that would be comparable with that of washing. Brushing seems to be a less effective method of magnesium hydroxide application to paper. When comparing uniformity of magnesium application on the surface of the paper samples (mapping, SEM-EDX), it was found that the deacidifier was distributed more uniformly when sprayed than in the case of washing.

scholarly journals Using Nano Zero-Valent Iron Supported on Diatomite to Remove Acid Blue Dye: Synthesis, Characterization, and Toxicology Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 13899
Author(s):  
Ernesto Flores-Rojas ◽  
Denhi Schnabel ◽  
Erick Justo-Cabrera ◽  
Omar Solorza-Feria ◽  
Héctor M. Poggi-Varaldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diatomaceous Earth ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
New Material ◽  
Nano Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Acid Blue

This work aimed to synthesize and characterize nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI), supported on diatomaceous earth (DE) at two different molar concentrations, 3 and 4 M (nZVI-DE-1 nZVI-DE-2), to test the decolorization treatment of acid blue dye (AB) and perform a toxicological test using zebrafish. The synthesis of the nanoparticles was obtained using the chemical reduction method. The material was fully characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy and specific surface area (BET). The results showed spherical forms in clusters between 20 and 40 nm of zero-valent iron supported on diatomaceous earth. The removal of 1 g/L of AB from water treated with nZVI-DE-1 and nZVI-DE-2 reached the decolorization of 90% and 98% of all dye. By contrast, controls such as nZVI and DE-1 and DE-2 removed 40%, 37%, and 24% of the dye. Toxicological analysis using zebrafish showed that AB causes a severe defect in development, and embryos die after exposure. However, the water samples treated with nZVI-DE-1 and nZVI-DE-2 are not harmful to the zebrafish embryos during the first 24 h. However, all embryos exposed to the new material for more than 48 hpf had cardiac edema, smaller eyes, and curved and smaller bodies with less pigmentation.

Quaternary structure of Limulus polyphemus hemocyanin

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-177
Author(s):  
T. Wichertjes ◽  
E.J. Kwak ◽  
E.F.J. Van Bruggen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Horseshoe Crab ◽  
Temperature Jump ◽  
Quaternary Structure ◽  
Crystallographic Analysis ◽  
Limulus Polyphemus ◽  
Oxygen Binding ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Intact Molecule

Hemocyanin of the horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) has been studied in nany ways. Recently the structure, dissociation and reassembly was studied using electron microscopy of negatively stained specimens as the method of investigation. Crystallization of the protein proved to be possible and X-ray crystallographic analysis was started. Also fluorescence properties of the hemocyanin after dialysis against Tris-glycine buffer + 0.01 M EDTA pH 8.9 (so called “stripped” hemocyanin) and its fractions II and V were studied, as well as functional properties of the fractions by NMR. Finally the temperature-jump method was used for assaying the oxygen binding of the dissociating molecule and of preparations of isolated subunits. Nevertheless very little is known about the structure of the intact molecule. Schutter et al. suggested that the molecule possibly consists of two halves, combined in a staggered way, the halves themselves consisting of four subunits arranged in a square.

Phase Transformations in Ti-7w/oMo-3w/oMe Alloy

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 514-515
Author(s):  
S. Fujishiro
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Mechanical Processing ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Water Quench ◽  
Alpha Beta

The mechanical properties of three titanium alloys (Ti-7Mo-3Al, Ti-7Mo- 3Cu and Ti-7Mo-3Ta) were evaluated as function of: 1) Solutionizing in the beta field and aging, 2) Thermal Mechanical Processing in the beta field and aging, 3) Solutionizing in the alpha + beta field and aging. The samples were isothermally aged in the temperature range 300° to 700*C for 4 to 24 hours, followed by a water quench. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray method were used to identify the phase formed. All three alloys solutionized at 1050°C (beta field) transformed to martensitic alpha (alpha prime) upon being water quenched. Despite this heavily strained alpha prime, which is characterized by microtwins the tensile strength of the as-quenched alloys is relatively low and the elongation is as high as 30%.

Sem Studies of Co-Cr-Mo Surgical Implant Alloy Corrosion Behavior

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 520-521
Author(s):  
Ann Chidester Van Orden ◽  
John L. Chidester ◽  
Anna C. Fraker ◽  
Pei Sung
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Anodic Polarization ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Saturated Calomel Electrode ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physiological Saline Solution ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influence of small variations in the composition on the corrosion behavior of Co-Cr-Mo alloys has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), and electrochemical measurements. SEM and EDX data were correlated with data from in vitro corrosion measurements involving repassivation and also potentiostatic anodic polarization measurements. Specimens studied included the four alloys shown in Table 1. Corrosion tests were conducted in Hanks' physiological saline solution which has a pH of 7.4 and was held at a temperature of 37°C. Specimens were mechanically polished to a surface finish with 0.05 µm A1203, then exposed to the solution and anodically polarized at a rate of 0.006 v/min. All voltages were measured vs. the saturated calomel electrode (s.c.e.).. Specimens had breakdown potentials near 0.47V vs. s.c.e.

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