On operation termination for degrading systems with two types of failures

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Finkelstein ◽  
Gregory Levitin ◽  
Oleg A Stepanov
Keyword(s):  
Failure Rate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
System Failure ◽  
Minimal Repair ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Relevant Case ◽  
The One ◽  
Combined Strategy

When a failure occurring during a system operation can result in considerable penalties, it can be more cost-effective to terminate the operation at some time avoiding the risk of future failures. This strategy can be relevant for aging systems, for example, when the system failure rate is increasing. The paper analyzes three strategies of termination for systems with major and minor failures. A major failure automatically terminates the operation, whereas the minor failures are minimally repaired. We show that the age-based strategy outperforms the one with termination after the mth minimal repair. The combined strategy when the termination is performed at time t or upon the mth minimal repair, whichever comes first, is also considered. The emphasis for the latter setting is on the practically relevant case when the number of possible minimal repairs is limited. Numerical examples illustrating the findings are presented.

Inspecting Briquette Machine with Different Faults

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divesh Garg ◽  
Reena Garg ◽  
Vanita Garg
Keyword(s):  
Failure Rate ◽  
Rate Increase ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
System Failure ◽  
Regenerative Point ◽  
Semi Markov Process ◽  
Major Fault ◽  
Environment Study ◽  
Burning Coal ◽  
Mean Time

Background: A briquette machine can be considered very useful in modern times as the need of energy consumption is increasing rapidly. Considering the harm to environment, study of briquette machine is the need of present times. In this paper, the operative unit is considered as briquette machine also known as bio-coal which is used for agroforestry waste. Objective: A single operative unit has been analyzed stochastically. The inspection of breakdown of a unit reveals the feasibility of the unit under the supervision of either ordinary or expert repairmen. Two types of fault are revealed by the repairmen either minor or major fault. Minor faults are repaired immediately by the same repairmen but whenever major fault held, the machine’s fault will be handled by expert person. Method: It is assumed that the repair needs no modification once served. Availability, Mean-time for system failure, and profits are analyzed by utilizing the Regenerative point graphical technique and semi-Markov process. Result: Study reveals that the Mean-time for system failure of the system model go on decreasing as failure rate increase and availability goes on decreasing as failure-rate increase. Moreover, the study shows that the systems profit goes down on increase of Failure-rate. Conclusion: Findings of the study supports the hypothesis that the limits of failure/repair/inspection rate will surely have effective profitability. Moreover, it is found that the utility of scale of operation can easily be derived. The practical importance of biomass briquettes for burning coal or wood is very well appreciated.

scholarly journals Sprouting of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench): Effect of Drying Treatment on Protein and Starch Features

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mia Marchini ◽  
Alessandra Marti ◽  
Claudia Folli ◽  
Barbara Prandi ◽  
Tommaso Ganino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Drying Treatment ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
The One ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

The nutritional and physicochemical properties of sorghum proteins and starch make the use of this cereal for food production challenging. Sprouting is a cost-effective technology to improve the nutritional and functional profile of grains. Two drying treatments were used after sorghum sprouting to investigate whether the drying phase could improve the protein and starch functionalities. Results showed that the drying treatment at lower temperature/longer time (40 °C for 12 h) extended the enzymatic activity that started during sprouting compared to the one performed at higher temperature/shorter time (50 °C for 6 h). An increased protein hydrolysis and water- and oil-holding capacity were found in the flour obtained by the former treatment. Higher protein matrix hydrolysis caused high exposure of starch to enzymes, thus increasing its digestibility, while worsening the technological functionality. Overall, modulating drying conditions could represent a further way, in addition to sprouting, to improve sorghum flour’s nutritional profile.

scholarly journals “System Conditions”, System Failure, Structural Racism and Anti-Racism in the United Kingdom: Evidence from Education and Beyond

Societies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Paul Miller
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
The Other ◽  
System Failure ◽  
Structural Racism ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The One

Racism in any society is fuelled by a number of factors, often acting independently of each other, or, at times, in concert with each other. On the one hand, anti-racism efforts rely on the alignment of four “system conditions” to stand a chance of successfully engaging and tackling racism. On the other hand, where these “system conditions” are not present, or where they are not in sync, this leads to “system failure”—a situation where racism is writ large in society and in the institutions therein, and where anti-racism efforts are severely hampered. Drawing on evidence from within the education sector and elsewhere in UK society, this paper examines how a lack of alignment between “system conditions” hampers antiracism efforts, and simultaneously reinforces racism in society and in institutions—leading to gridlock or “system failure” around anti-racism.

Performance evaluation of alternate policies on reservoir system operation

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Weeraratne ◽  
Lloyd Logan ◽  
T. E. Unny
Keyword(s):  
River System ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
System Failure ◽  
System Operation ◽  
System Vulnerability ◽  
Operational Policies ◽  
System Robustness

This paper discusses within the context of the Grand River system operation the application of the three performance criteria introduced earlier by T. Hashimoto, D. P. Loucks, and J. R. Stedinger. These criteria evaluate the performance characteristic in respect to system failure, system recovery, and system vulnerability with regard to extreme (costly) failures for alternative operational policies. System robustness, also discussed by Hashimoto and co-workers, is used to measure the economic flexibility of system operation to adapt to uncertainties of future demand. The primary objective of the presentation made herein is to establish the role of these criteria in a decision-making process in the operation of the system.

scholarly journals Not p-Values, Said a Little Bit Differently

Econometrics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Startz
Keyword(s):  
P Value ◽  
P Values ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Practical Matter ◽  
The One

As a contribution toward the ongoing discussion about the use and mis-use of p-values, numerical examples are presented demonstrating that a p-value can, as a practical matter, give you a really different answer than the one that you want.

Gas system failure rate

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-364
Author(s):  
T. van der Hoeven ◽  
A. G. M. Steerneman
Keyword(s):  
Failure Rate ◽  
System Failure ◽  
Gas System

scholarly journals Explicit Numerical Solution of High - Dimensional Advection - Diffusion

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Elham Bayatmanesh
Keyword(s):  
High Dimensional ◽  
Numerical Techniques ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Advection Diffusion Equation ◽  
Advection Diffusion ◽  
Constant Coefficients ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One

The Several numerical techniques have been developed and compared for solving the one-dimensional and three-dimentional advection-diffusion equation with constant coefficients. the subject has played very important roles to fluid dynamics as well as many other field of science and engineering. In this article, we will be presenting the of n-dimentional and we neglect the numerical examples.

scholarly journals Simple and Visible Detection of Novel Astroviruses Causing Fatal Gout in Goslings Using One-Step Reverse Transcription Polymerase Spiral Reaction Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ji ◽  
Qinxi Chen ◽  
Zhengli Yu ◽  
Xin Xu ◽  
Xinhao Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Isothermal Method ◽  
Naked Eye ◽  
One Step ◽  
The One

In this study, a one-step isothermal method combining polymerase spiral reaction (PSR) with reverse transcription (RT-PSR) was established for rapid and specific detection of novel astroviruses causing fatal gout in goslings (N-GoAstV). The one-step RT-PSR was accomplished at the optimal temperature of 62°C and time of 40 min and used primers simply designed as conventional PCR primers, and the results of detection were visible to the naked eye. The detection limit of PSR was above 34.7 copies/μL at a 95% probability level according to probit regression analysis. The assay specifically detected N-GoAstV, and no other reference viruses were detected. These results suggest that the newly established RT-PSR assay could, in one step, accomplish reverse-transcription, amplification, and result determination providing a visible, convenient, rapid, and cost-effective test that can be carried out onsite, in order to ensure timely quarantine of N-GoAstV-infected birds, leading to effective disease control.

A computer simulation model of forest fire suppression with air tankers

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Simard
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Fire Suppression ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Computer Simulation Model ◽  
Fire Dynamics ◽  
Data Output ◽  
The One ◽  
Fire Ground

A computer simulation model which evaluates air tanker productivity and effectiveness is described. Three hundred equations are required to define the model, which consists of five components: administration, the environment, the fire, ground suppression, and air tanker utilization. AIRPRO, a computer program based on the model, tests various combinations of air tanker resources and tactics and selects the one which minimizes suppression cost plus damage caused by fire. The program contains four loops: the fire, the tactic, the event, and fire dynamics (growth and suppression). The environmental, fire, and ground suppression components were validated by comparing model output with historical data. Output of the air tanker component was examined for reasonableness, compared with previous research, and a sensitivity analysis was performed. It is concluded that an assumption of model validity is reasonable. In applying the model in New Brunswick, it was found that medium sized land-based air tankers were the most cost effective, followed by small land-based air tankers. It was also found that a fleet of three or four aircraft would be optimum.

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