Exploring the diffusion of tweets designed to raise the road safety agenda in Saudi Arabia

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yousef A. Albalawi ◽  
Jane Sixsmith
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
New Media ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Road ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
Twitter Account ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions ◽  
The Relationship

This study demonstrates the importance of understanding the diffusion process in social media such as Twitter as an example of the relationship between new media platforms and health promotion interventions. Evidence-informed tweets were developed, pilot tested and distributed to all followers of the Ministry of Health’s Twitter account with the aim of influencing the agenda on road safety in Saudi Arabia. The dissemination pattern and influence of this health communication was assessed. We collected 70 tweets into two groups (29 intervention tweets and 41 additional supported tweets) extracted from the Tweetreach data set and then analysed them using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Using the concept of innovation/imitation as defined in the Bass Model, we classified retweeting by direct followers as innovation and retweeting by users who were not followers as imitation. In the study, we identify an informative indicator of successful diffusion and propose a novel procedure to measure innovation/imitation coefficients ( p and q). We also provided a statistical procedure for evaluating tweet adoption by innovators (influentials) and imitators. In addition, we also assessed the use of message design tools for new media messages. The resulting information can be used to improve public health and health promotion interventions at the levels of planning, design, implementation and evaluation.

CERTAIN SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATION AND PROPAGANDA SAFE BEHAVIOR ON THE ROAD

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
О.О. Марокко
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Psychological Aspects ◽  
Life Support System ◽  
Entire Life ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Subject ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Social Advertising ◽  
The Relationship

В статье рассматриваются некоторые социально-психологические аспекты повышения эффективности социальной рекламы в области безопасности дорожного движения. Автором отмечено, что для достижения цели субъект пропаганды дол- жен осознать взаимосвязь между его индивидуальным поведением на дороге и надежностью всей системы жизнеобеспечения. The article discuses some of the socio-psychological aspects of increasing of social advertising in the field of road safety. The author notes that in order to achieve the goal, the subject of propaganda must aware of the relationship between his individual behavior on the road and the reliability of the entire life support system.

scholarly journals Development of Models for Express Analysis of Road Safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 528-538
Author(s):  
L. S. Abramova ◽  
H. H. Ptitsia ◽  
S. V. Kapinus ◽  
T. V. Kharchenko
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Prototype Model ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Express Analysis ◽  
Accident Rates ◽  
The Relationship

Results of a study of an actual scientific and technical problem of determining the road safety level on road sections are presented in the paper. The aim of the study is to develop an express method for assessing road safety based on improving the method of the final accident rate by reducing the partial accident rate with the required accuracy of determining the safety level on public roads. The formalization of the relationship between the parameters of road traffic conditions has been carried out to study the level of safety on highways. Latent factors of the parameters of traffic conditions have been obtained on the basis of reduction of their aggregate by the method of principal components, taking into account the relationship of partial accident rates. This condition has allowed to develop analytical models for determining road safety for implementation in the practice of conducting a road safety audit. A method for identifying hazardous areas on highways has been proposed in the paper. It includes 11 parameters of road conditions out of 18 partial accident rates proposed in the prototype and regulatory documents of Ukraine. The adequacy of the model is determined by deviation values of the obtained data according to the prototype model from the values of the relative accident rate, which were 3.22 and 18.61, respectively. The proposed model reduces the deviation value by six times and affects the accuracy of determining the safety level. Experimental studies have been conducted on 79 km of highways (on 385 sectors with constant values of traffic conditions parameters). The results of a comparative analysis of the safety level for the prototype model and the developed model have been identical and shown a decrease in time and labor costs by 1.6 times without loss of accuracy. Thus, the developed methodology is recommended to be applied for determining the potential danger of road sections during an express analysis of the road safety or when conducting a safety audit at various stages of the road life cycle.

scholarly journals Important risk factors for road accidents

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 02025
Author(s):  
Dilshod Imamaliev ◽  
Aslidin Urakov ◽  
Muzrob Darabov ◽  
Ruzigul Sayfutdinova
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
The State ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Relationship

This article analyzes the relationship and influence of factors such as the population, the level of motorization, economic development, and the state of the state road network on the state of the risk of road accidents, including the level of mortality and road injuries, as well as the relevance of improving methods for assessing, managing and predicting the risk of accidents in road traffic. National indicators of the level of road deaths and injuries in different countries were studied. The relationship between road accidents and the level of motorization, income of the population, the state of the road network, and other indicators were revealed. The urgency of the problem of road accidents and the organization of measures to reduce the level of road accidents is emphasized. It also takes into account the special importance of forming conceptually new approaches to the task of improving the efficiency of public administration in the field of organization and maintenance of road traffic through the implementation of the Concept of Road Safety in the Republic of Uzbekistan for the period 2018-2022, which includes the following main directions: further improvement of the regulatory framework in the field of road safety, including significant strengthening of responsibility for gross violations of traffic rules; comprehensive improvement of road infrastructure, improving the quality of roads, creating reliable conditions for the safe movement of vehicles; improving the legal culture, the necessary knowledge, and skills of road users, strengthening their discipline.

scholarly journals Concepts and approaches in the evaluation of health promotion

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio Ivo Carvalho ◽  
Regina Cele Bodstein ◽  
Zulmira Hartz ◽  
Álvaro Hideyoshi Matida
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Collaborative Processes ◽  
Action Mechanisms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Theories Of Change ◽  
Health Promotion Interventions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The demands and tensions surrounding evidence-based policy (EBP) as part of results-based management have frequently indicated a gap between these concepts and the complex nature of health promotion interventions. This article discusses the challenges associated with the conceptual field of Health Promotion and the requirements for "proof" of effectiveness and efficiency faced by managers, evaluators, and local agents in the development of inter-sector health programs. The authors identify the limitations of epidemiological trials for the evaluation of social policies and use arguments related to "theories of change" in order to discuss the relationship of the "constructs" in the social policy intervention model and provide the basis for the "analysis of the contribution" of its effects. Systematic reviews of the "realist synthesis" type are discussed, due to their capacity for highlighting the theoretical framework of a specific program and explaining the underlying action mechanisms common to different programs and/or contexts. The authors argue that the expression and maintenance of expected social changes require the construction of collaborative processes, considering the set of (bottom-up) stakeholders involved in all stages of the process of developing and evaluating interventions.

How Dangerous Is Looking Away From the Road? Algorithms Predict Crash Risk From Glance Patterns in Naturalistic Driving

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1104-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulan Liang ◽  
John D. Lee ◽  
Lora Yekhshatyan
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Driver Distraction ◽  
Crash Risk ◽  
Design Of Algorithms ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Road ◽  
Naturalistic Driving Study ◽  
Naturalistic Driving ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Objective: In this study, the authors used algorithms to estimate driver distraction and predict crash and near-crash risk on the basis of driver glance behavior using the data set of the 100-Car Naturalistic Driving Study. Background: Driver distraction has been a leading cause of motor vehicle crashes, but the relationship between distractions and crash risk lacks detailed quantification. Method: The authors compared 24 algorithms that varied according to how they incorporated three potential contributors to distraction—glance duration, glance history, and glance location—on how well the algorithms predicted crash risk. Results: Distraction estimated from driver eye-glance patterns was positively associated with crash risk. The algorithms incorporating ongoing off-road glance duration predicted crash risk better than did the algorithms incorporating glance history. Augmenting glance duration with other elements of glance behavior—1.5th power of duration and duration weighted by glance location—produced similar prediction performance as glance duration alone. Conclusions: The distraction level estimated by the algorithms that include current glance duration provides the most sensitive indicator of crash risk. Application: The results inform the design of algorithms to monitor driver state that support real-time distraction mitigation systems.

scholarly journals Analysis of the relationship between the length of eye fixation and the parameters of advertisements visible from the road

2018 ◽  
Vol 231 ◽  
pp. 04007
Author(s):  
Tomasz Mackun ◽  
Joanna Żukowska
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Development Pattern ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Eye Fixation ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
The Relationship

In Poland, many advertising signs addressed to motorists are located along the roadside. Advertisements do not serve any traffic related purpose and can distract drivers making them less reliable and as a consequence, reduce road safety. The existing regulations only apply to the carriageway. The research is conducted as part of the RID project. The objective of the RID project is to create a "Manual for positioning roadside advertising signs". The research aims to establish whether drivers look at roadside advertising and for how long. An additional goal is to investigate the correlation between the number and duration of the driver's eye fixation and the parameters of advertising media. In their work the authors use a mobile eye tracker. The study included a group of 60 drivers who drove on a section of about 110 km which included roads of various technical classes, different cross-sections and featured a varied roadside development pattern. 2,900 advertising carriers were inventoried on the route. Almost 30% of all advertising media drew the gaze. The billboards on which fixations were registered in the studied group were inventoried in detail for their geometrical, location or content parameters. The authors of the article present the relations between the parameters and their ability to attract the attention of drivers depending on the number of fixations and their duration.

scholarly journals Effect of dramatized health messages: Modelling predictors of the impact of COVID-19 YouTube animated cartoons on health behaviour of social media users in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-140
Author(s):  
Chijioke Onuora ◽  
Nelson Torti Obasi ◽  
Gregory Herbert Ezeah ◽  
Verlumun Celestine Gever
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Health Behaviour ◽  
Health Messages ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Previous studies on the impact of Internet-powered media on health promotion have often neglected the relationship between message recall and health behaviour. Such neglect makes it look as though exposure to media messages automatically leads to recall. Also, other studies appear to have paid less attention to understanding if the perception of the existence or otherwise of a public health issue actually influences the effectiveness of health intervention. In the current study, the authors suggest a model that takes into consideration these existing gaps. They examined 470 social media users who were exposed to YouTube animated cartoons on COVID-19 using an example from a developing country. The authors found, among others, that perception concerning the realness of COVID-19 was the greatest contributing factor in predicting the effectiveness of YouTube animated cartoons on health behaviour. The scholarly theoretical and practical contributions of the findings are explored.

scholarly journals Quality of Road Trauma Data in Malawi: The Case of Road Trauma Surveillance in Ntcheu District, Malawi.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Derrick Manyozo ◽  
Wantula Sichembe ◽  
Rob Moodie
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
World Health ◽  
Road User ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Road ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Data Source

Abstract Background Road trauma represents a major but neglected public health challenge in Malawi that requires concerted efforts for effective and sustainable prevention. In order to make the road traffic system safer, it is important to develop an understanding of the whole system and its elements including vehicles, roads and road-users along with their physical, social and environmental circumstances. In this study, we measured data quality in terms of database and variable completeness of road trauma case reports to determine if the data are sufficient for informing, monitoring and evaluating road safety interventions. Methods This was a quantitative retrospective study based in Ntcheu district, Malawi. Data were collected for year 2018 from both police and hospital sources. Categorical data exploration from these two sources was done using frequency distribution tables. Continuous data were summarized using means and standard deviation. Data source completeness was assessed using the capture–recapture methodology, while variable completeness was assessed using a checklist developed from the World Health Organization’s minimum injury surveillance core data set. Results The hospital data source was incomplete in areas of road user type, time of injury, mechanism of injury and place of injury. Thirteen case matches were identified between the two databases. Using the capture-recapture methods, the estimated road trauma events in Ntcheu district for the year 2018 is 954 (95% CI: 457, 1451) and an estimated 173 deaths (95% CI: 89, 257) in the same year. These estimates indicate 11% and 14% ascertainment of fatalities for the police and hospital data sources respectively.Discussion and conclusion There is significant underreporting for road deaths and injuries in Ntcheu district, which means there are critical data quality challenges in the respective data sources. It is therefore imperative for the road safety agencies and partners to resolve these data reporting and acquisition challenges.

scholarly journals Contribution to the development of models of monitoring the ethical indicators in function of implementation the system of protection of the passengers and children in the vehicle

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Branimir Miletic ◽  
Djordje Vranjes ◽  
Slavko Karic ◽  
Veljko Stojanovic ◽  
Predrag Popovic
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
The Road ◽  
Moral Behaviour ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

The significance of the topic stems from the importance of moral behaviour in traffic. The subject of work is to explain the relationship between traffic ethics and ethical principles in the traffic,and application the system of protections the passengers, especially children,in the vehicle,as a function of the their road safety as a global social phenomenon today. The specificity of these topic,or work is the fact that road safety, due to complexity and tragic consequences that it brings with disrespect for the established system of value, one of area that demands the highest etical standards.This issue has its roots in ethics as a science as well as in modern trends in the field of the road safety ,where ethics,particularly the traffic ethics,found its complex practical application.

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