Co-creating Possible Futures of Light, Beyond Lighting. A Hybrid Approach: Format Design, Preliminary Findings, and Reflexive Learnings From a Foresight Practice, Based on a Creative Industry Event Series

2021 ◽  
pp. 194675672110462
Author(s):  
Marco Bevolo ◽  
Tapio Rosenius

The research context for this article is a specific lighting industry professional event, focusing on the possible future of light across the dimensions of body, object (both human-scale and building), and metropolis. Light becomes the theme to generate visions and insights about longer term developments from personal, social, and business viewpoints. The event was designed as a location-specific format for the multi-awarded Silo 486, Helsinki, by Lighting Design Collective. The format is inspired by Brian Eno’s 1970s “Oblique Strategies,” therefore an approach derived from fine arts and popular culture, within the constructivist episteme. The specific target of this event is thought leaders and/or the next generation of architectural, design, and creative industry leaders, with an invitation list of 15–20, selected according to the “Elite Club” open innovation principle (Verganti et al., 2008). The event was held three times, from 2014 through 2016, during the Helsinki Design Week, as integral part of its program. The authors were main initiator and moderator of the event, as they designed the format in 2014.

Author(s):  
Juliano Aparecido Pereira

ENGLISHThe article presents and discusses an experience in Brazil on an architectural design method of teaching created by the School of Architecture and Urban Design of the University of Sao Paulo (FAU USP). We refer to a Pedagogical Reform proposed in 1962 and its consequences on the formation of Brazilian architects. Known as the 1962 Reform and having as its leader, in association with other professors, architect and professor João Batista Vilanova Artigas (1913-1985), the proposed new model for a method of project education ended up by being adopted, in some aspects, but not all, by the majority of Brazilian schools of architecture and urban design. The reform led by Vilanova Artigas proposed an overcoming of project teaching methods based either on the traditional model of architectural composition, by way of the School of Fine Arts, or on those for the formation of architect-engineers, by way of the Polytechnics. This new teaching method would be based on parameters for the comprehension of architectural practice, pointing to a generalist formation of the architect, thus instrumentalizing him to act within the various scales of architectural production: objects, buildings, cities and visual communication. In this context is manifested the intention for the creation of a University of Design, founded on the practice of investigation and studio research, thus overcoming the boundaries of a project scale in a school of architecture, limited between the realization of a building scale and, at most, of a city. To understand this generalist and plural outlook becomes a contribution to the discussion on the formation of contemporary architects and their awareness and instrumentalization for action before the complex professional demands of present day societies. PORTUGUÊSO artigo apresenta e discute uma experiência no Brasil de método e ensino de projeto de arquitetura, elaborado pela Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade de São Paulo, a FAU USP. Referimo-nos a uma Reforma Pedagógica proposta no ano de 1962 e as suas consequências à formação dos arquitetos brasileiros. Conhecida como a Reforma de 1962 e tendo como seu líder, associado a outros professores, o arquiteto e professor João Batista Vilanova Artigas (1913-1985), o novo modelo proposto de método de ensino de projeto passou a ser adotado, sob alguns aspectos, mas não todos, pela maior parte das Faculdades de Arquitetura e Urbanismo brasileiras. A reforma liderada por Vilanova Artigas propunha uma superação dos métodos de ensino de projeto baseados ou no modelo tradicional de composição de arquitetura, via Escolas de Belas Artes, ou então naqueles de formação de arquitetos-engenheiros, via Escolas Politécnicas. O método de ensino proposto iria se basear em novos parâmetros de compreensão da prática da arquitetura, apostando em uma formação generalista do arquiteto, instrumentalizando-o a atuar nas várias escalas de produção arquitetônica: objetos, edifícios, cidades e comunicação visual. Nesse contexto manifesta-se a intenção de criação de uma Universidade do Projeto, fundada na prática de investigação e na pesquisa do ateliê, superando assim o limite da escala de projeto de uma Faculdade de Arquitetura, limitada entre a realização da escala do edifício e, quando muito, da cidade. Compreender essa formação generalista e plural coloca-se como contribuição à discussão da formação do arquiteto contemporâneo e a sua sensibilização e instrumentalização para ação frente às complexas demandas profissionais das sociedades atuais.


2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-354
Author(s):  
Ove Granstrand

Abstract This paper theorizes about innovation governance, especially about governance of open innovation and the nature and role of IPRs. A reinterpretation of open innovation is offered in terms of the emergence of various types of markets for inputs to and outputs from innovative activities. These open innovation markets are typically markets for ideas, technologies, knowledge and data such as licensing markets, equity markets, and matching markets for innovation collaborations and correspond to various types of open innovation strategies viewed from the inside out in a focal firm's perspective. Open innovation – seen as a set of quasi-integrated organizational forms for innovative activities in between market and hierarchical firm organizations – is then explainable in terms of determinants of supply and demand. Intellectual property rights (IPRs) then play a new role as tools for innovation governance, thereby economizing on governance costs in an extended transaction cost framework. Licensing of usage rights is key to using IPRs for innovation governance. The by now standard property rights approach to rights in intellectual resources has to be challenged, however, and referred to as ‘intellectual rights’ rather than IPRs. In addition, the governing role of IPRs can be improved by combining them with liabilities into a hybrid approach. Organizational responsibilities provide still another institutional arrangement for innovation governance, and integration of rights, liabilities and responsibilities provide a new theoretical perspective on innovation governance – a perspective that also can provide links between organization theory, transaction cost economics and property rights theory.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-406
Author(s):  
Meicheng Sun

Korean popular music or K-pop has achieved popularity among global audiences. The uniqueness of K-pop fan culture has helped to shape the success of the K-pop industry. Through a case study of Chinese fan labor vis-à-vis K-pop male idol group GOT7, the author notes three types of K-pop fan labor: specialized labor, managerial labor, and unskilled labor. This research argues that fan labor transforms the K-pop industry into an alternative creative industry because fan labor as creative labor is an indispensable part of the K-pop industry. Fan labor is utilized to distinguish fans from non-fans, and to draw boundaries between the grateful, more enthusiastic fans and the casual self-proclaimed fans who do not contribute to fandom or their idols’ success. These Chinese K-pop fans comply with the K-pop industry’s commodification of culture, are exploited by the K-pop industry, and seek empowerment in the K-pop production and distribution process. This paper’s exploration of fan labor, based on the author’s participant observations and in-depth interviews, will thus contribute to studies on the creative industries, creative labor, fandom, and the transnational flows of popular culture.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4495 ◽  
Author(s):  
JinHyo Yun ◽  
Xiaofei Zhao ◽  
Tan Yigitcanlar ◽  
DooSeok Lee ◽  
HeungJu Ahn

In the age of knowledge-based economies, open innovation has increasing importance. This study aimed to explore the architectural design approaches that can revitalize innovation activities in the era of knowledge-based economies. This paper investigated global case research campuses, manufacturing systems, and innovation districts where architectural design supports innovation activities. This study developed a research framework of architectural design for innovation and applied it in the selected case studies to generate insights. First, the research campuses selected as case studies included Panopticon, DGIST Education and Research Campuses, and Apple Park. Second, the open innovation of manufacturing system architecture was analyzed through the case studies of the Ford Motor Company, Toyota Motor Corporation, and Rolls-Royce Motor Cars. Third, this paper studied the clustered open innovation architectures of Macquarie Park, One North, and Strijp-S Innovation Districts. The findings revealed how tacit knowledge motivates open innovation through the design of manufacturing systems, research campuses, and innovation districts through real examples and mathematical or concept model building.


2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Domenico Giuseppe CHIZZONITI

This research paper relates to a number of works by Josef Gočár, a Bohemian architect who was active in a time period between “Cubist” vanguardism and “Rationalist” modernism. The theme regards the search for a general method which evaluates the key elements of the structure of space in architectural design. The main asset of architectural composition has traditionally been the close association between the syntactic order of the elements and a semantic perception of space. The aim of this essay is to explore the relation between the role of the experimental design regarding the multiple and changeable architectural experience and the creative process of architectural work. The methodological experience hereby demonstrated refers to a specific case study that belongs to the scientific research carried out by Gočár and his researchers’ group at the Prague Fine Arts Academy (AVU). His work is hereby re-interpreted in an effort to explore the experiential contribution to the architectural design discipline, and the figurative aspect, by reexamining various characteristics of his practical experience as an architect involved in the civic priorities of the city, from the scale of urban settlement to the individual design work.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Aznan Omar ◽  
◽  
Syed Alwi Syed Abu Bakar ◽  
Mahizan Hijaz Muhammad ◽  
◽  
...  

This research project is an interpretation of a societal phenomenon in terms of the culture of using digital application for leisure and entertainment especially regarding the human behaviour and its obsession of using these applications in the social media platforms. This idea was translated by using the idea of an installation of a fabricated sculpture. The idea of how the digital media plays a major role for leisure and its obsession was inspired by the artist Scott Snibbe. This reference includes on how netizens utilize and share their interests and interactions with these digital media, games and other kinds of digital media entertainments. The method used for this practical studio research are through self critical evaluation, studio experimentation and contextual reviews. This research project was intended to contribute to the field of fine arts in terms of collecting symbolic visual narratives and its issues of the collective culture in regarding of leisure and entertainment and its popularity as a life style today. With hope this research project will give a major impact in terms of understanding towards its trend and the digital entertainment itself. The variation, the ever changing content of its application has impacted the popular culture itself through its spirit and behaviour, the wants and needs projected by the new expression of consumerism.


Author(s):  
Marlé Hammond

This chapter introduces the fictional tale by tracing its evolution from its unknown origins in what was probably the seventeenth century to its historicisation and Christianisation in the nineteenth century, to its infiltration of popular culture and the fine arts in the twentieth century. Its adaptations across various media, including literature, cinema and music, are explored. The chapter furthermore shows how the tale inscribes the endemic paradigms of the ʿUdhrī love narrative and the popular epic or sīra with the western model of the damsel-in-distress fairy tale. Finally, the chapter relates the process by which the tale becomes absorbed into Arabic culture to Yuri Lotman’s notion of the ‘boundary’ as the site of artistic innovation and the creation of new genres.


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nona Schulte-Römer ◽  
Josiane Meier ◽  
Etta Dannemann ◽  
Max Söding

Concerns about the potential negative effects of artificial light at night on humans, flora and fauna, were originally raised by astronomers and environmentalists. Yet, we observe a growing interest in what is called light pollution among the general public and in the lighting field. Although lighting professionals are often critical of calling light ‘pollution’, they increasingly acknowledge the problem and are beginning to act accordingly. Are those who illuminate joining forces with those who take a critical stance towards artificial light at night? We explore this question in more detail based on the results of a non-representative worldwide expert survey. In our analysis, we distinguish between “lighting professionals” with occupational backgrounds linked to lighting design and the lighting industry, and “light pollution experts” with mostly astronomy- and environment-related professional backgrounds, and explore their opposing and shared views vis-à-vis issues of light pollution. Our analysis reveals that despite seemingly conflicting interests, lighting professionals and light pollution experts largely agree on the problem definition and problem-solving approaches. However, we see diverging views regarding potential obstacles to light pollution mitigation and associated governance challenges.


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6731
Author(s):  
Baraa J. Alkhatatbeh ◽  
Somayeh Asadi

Daylight variability throughout the day makes it an ideal light source for the stimulation of humans’ circadian systems. However, the key criteria, including proper quantity, quality, and hours of access to daylight, are not always present inside the built environment. Therefore, artificial light is necessary to complement the human’s visual and non-visual needs for light. Architectural design parameters, such as window area, orientation, glazing material, and surface reflectance alter the characteristics of both daylight and artificial light inside buildings. These parameters and their impact on lighting design should be considered from the early design stages to attain a circadian-effective design. In response to this need, a design approach called Human-Centric Lighting (HCL) was introduced. HCL places humans, and their visual and non-visual needs, in the center of the design process. It manipulates the light-related factors, such as spectrum and intensity, within the built environment for circadian benefits. The effect of HCL on lighting energy efficiency is still not clear. This paper reviews essential architectural design parameters and their impacts on circadian lighting design, considers the HCL design process and explores the most widely used circadian lighting metrics and standards.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Chiara Shim

<p>Architects by in large employ physical materials to generate and define space. Materials such as timber, stone, bricks, and mortar envelop and contain. Yet when described in a purely scientific sense, the visible world can be defined by light, or the absence of light and variations in between. Seminal author and investigator of the senses, Juhani Pallasmaa writes, ‘The experiences of matter, space and light are inseparable ... there is no true architectural experience without light’ (2016, p. 7). Extending this statement, the use of light generates space, creating an architectural experience.  The research proposition becomes: Using a reductivist approach, and employing only hue, saturation, and brightness to replace physical materials, this creative body of work explores how colour can be used to evoke a response in mixed realities.  The research methodology is Design-Led research, following similar beliefs to Peter Dowton, that by doing, knowing is enhancing knowledge. Literature reviews indicated that there are two main approaches to colour psychology and therapy. From this, the research aims to bridge the gap between popular culture claims and heavily scientific or psychology-based research, to explore the effects of colour through architectural design. Following this, colour theory was researched, followed by a feasibility study of design tests. In the sketch design phase, light at the wavelength frequency of blue was tapped into, and its effects researched. Unique blues were created from nature: flora and fauna were sourced and boiled into pigments. The final outcome is mixed media; Virtual Realities, physical works, and a unique experience. Throughout this project, tests were executed including reviews to gain an indication of whether a response was evoked.  The results of this architectural portfolio, which leans into the artistic vein of architecture, show that various saturations and brightness of hues in the blue range can indeed evoke responses.</p>


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