Exploring the interplay between job strain and different domains of physical activity on the incidence of coronary heart disease in adult men

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 1877-1885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco M Ferrario ◽  
Giovanni Veronesi ◽  
Mattia Roncaioli ◽  
Andreas Holtermann ◽  
Niklas Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Chd Risk

Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the independent associations of occupational (OPA) and sport physical activity (SpPA) and job strain on the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) events, and to explore their interplay. Methods The study sample included 3310 25–64-year-old employed men, free of CHD at baseline, recruited in three population-based and one factory-based cohorts. OPA and SpPA, and job strain were assessed by the Baecke and the Job Content Questionnaires, respectively. We estimated the associations between different domains of physical activity and job strain with CHD, adjusting for major risk factors using Cox models. Results During follow-up (median=14 years), 120 CHD events, fatal and non-fatal, occurred. In the entire sample, a higher CHD risk was found for high job strain (hazard ratio=1.55, 95% confidence interval: 1.05–2.31). The joint effect of low OPA and high job strain was estimated as a hazard ratio of 2.53 (1.29–4.97; reference intermediate OPA with non-high strain). With respect to intermediate OPA workers, in stratified analysis when SpPA is none, low OPA workers had a hazard ratio of 2.13 (95% confidence interval: 1.19–3.81), increased to 3.95 (1.79–8.78) by the presence of high job strain. Low OPA–high job strain workers take great advantage from SpPA, reducing their risk up to 90%. In contrast, the protective effect of SpPA on CHD in other OPA–job strain categories was modest or even absent, in particular when OPA is high. Conclusions Our study shows a protective effect of recommended and intermediate SpPA levels on CHD risk among sedentary male workers. When workers are jointly exposed to high job strain and sedentary work their risk further increases, but this group benefits most from regular sport physical activity.

scholarly journals Occupational Physical Activity and Coronary Heart Disease in Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 1952-1958
Author(s):  
Conglong Wang ◽  
Anneclaire J De Roos ◽  
Kaori Fujishiro ◽  
Matthew A Allison ◽  
Robert Wallace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Occupational Physical Activity ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Women comprise nearly half of the labor force in our society, but the impact of the occupational psychical activity on women’s heart health in later life was unclear. We conducted a case-cohort study to assess the association of occupational physical activity (OPA), alone and jointly with leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods We included women enrolled in Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study who provided an occupational history at baseline and were followed until 2013 for the first occurrence of myocardial infarction or death from CHD (mean age ± SD = 63.4 ± 7.2). A total of 5,243 women free of CHD at baseline were randomly selected into a subcohort and 3,421 CHD events were adjudicated during follow-up. Through linkage of Standard Occupational Classification codes to the Occupational Information Network, we assessed cumulative and most recent exposure of OPA. LTPA was assessed through Women’s Health Initiative’s physical activity questionnaire. Weighted Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate CHD risk. Results After adjustment for demographic and socioeconomic factors, levels of OPA were not associated with CHD risk. Compared with women with low OPA and high LTPA, women with moderate to high cumulative OPA and low LTPA had relative high CHD risk (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.26, 1.88 for moderate OPA and HR: 1.46. 95% CI: 1.20, 1.78 for high OPA). Discussion Results from this study suggest no overall association between lifetime OPA and CHD risk in women, but the impact of OPA varies by LTPA levels.

scholarly journals Role of BMI in the Association of theTCF7L2rs7903146 Variant with Coronary Heart Disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Kucharska-Newton ◽  
Keri L. Monda ◽  
Suzette J. Bielinski ◽  
Eric Boerwinkle ◽  
Thomas D. Rea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽  
Aric Study

We examined the association of variation in the type 2 diabetes risk-conferringTCF7L2gene with the risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD) among the lean, overweight, and obese members of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study cohort. Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed using a general model, with the major homozygote as the reference category. For 9,865 whites, a significant increase in the risk of CHD was seen only among lean (BMI<25 kg/m2) individuals homozygous for theTallele of theTCF7L2rs7903146 gene risk variant (hazard ratio 1.42; 95% CI 1.03,1.97;P=.01). No association was found among 3,631 blacks, regardless of BMI status. An attenuated hazard ratio was observed among the nondiabetic ARIC cohort members. This study suggests that body mass modifies the association of theTCF7L2rs7903146 T allele with CHD risk.

Abstract 006: Relationship of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Inactivity to Incident Coronary Heart Disease: Results from the Women's Health Initiative

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea K Chomistek ◽  
Bing Lu ◽  
Megan Sands ◽  
Scott B Going ◽  
Lorena Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Incident Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
History Of

Background: Sedentary behavior, such as prolonged sitting, is becoming recognized as a distinct construct that may not merely reflect lack of leisure-time physical activity (PA), usually defined as physical inactivity. Our objective was to examine the independent and joint associations of sedentary time and physical inactivity with risk of incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in women. Methods: This study included 84,798 post-menopausal women, aged 50-79 and free of CHD at baseline, participating in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. At baseline, participants reported information on sedentary behavior, defined as hours of sitting and lying per day, and usual PA, defined as energy expenditure from recreational activity including walking, mild, moderate and strenuous PA. Participants were followed from the baseline visit through September 2010 for first occurrence of CHD (MI and CHD death). Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for incident CHD according to tertiles of sedentary time (hrs/day) and physical activity (MET-hrs/wk). Results: Sedentary time ≥10 hrs/day was associated with increased CHD risk (HR=1.13, 95% CI 1.04,1.23) in age-adjusted models, but was non-significant in multivariable-adjusted models (HR=1.08, 95% CI 0.99,1.17). In multivariable-adjusted models, the HR of CHD comparing moderate (5.1 - 16.25 MET-hrs/wk) and low (≤ 5 MET-hrs/wk) levels of PA to high (>16.25 MET-hrs/wk) levels were 1.10 (95%CI 1.01,1.21) and 1.21 (95%CI 1.11,1.32), respectively (P for trend <.0001). When we cross-classified women by sedentary time and PA (P for interaction = 0.91), CHD risk was significantly increased only in women with low PA regardless of their sedentary behavior, with the greatest risk seen in women reporting low PA and ≥10 hrs/day of sedentary time. Conclusion: Physical inactivity is associated with increased CHD risk in a dose-response manner, whereas sedentary behavior was only modestly associated with CHD risk in this analysis. Physical Activity (MET-hours/week) Sedentary Time (hours/day) High (> 16.25) Moderate (5.1 - 16.25) Low (≤ 5) ≤6 1.00 (Referent) 1.12 (0.96, 1.30) 1.17 (1.01, 1.36) 6.1-9.9 0.96 (0.82, 1.13) 1.09 (0.94, 1.27) 1.18 (1.02, 1.38) ≥10 1.08 (0.92, 1.27) 1.14 (0.99, 1.32) 1.32(1.15, 1.51) The multivariable model includes age, race, education, income, marital status, smoking, family history of MI, depression, alcohol intake, and history of diabetes, hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia

Abstract MP025: Physical Activity and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Young Women

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea K Chomistek ◽  
Kenneth J Mukamal ◽  
A. H Eliassen ◽  
Eric B Rimm
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Chd Risk

Background: The majority of studies on the association between physical activity and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk have been conducted in middle-aged and older populations. Although physical activity has been shown to lower risk of CHD in women by approximately 30%, evidence for the benefits of exercise for CHD in young women is very limited. Methods and Results: We conducted a prospective cohort study among 114 054 women, 25–42 years of age at baseline, enrolled in the Nurses’ Health Study II and followed from 1989 to 2009. Leisure-time physical activity was assessed at baseline and during follow-up through a series of questions on the specific type of activity and the average time per week spent on the activity over the previous year. Additionally, at baseline, women were asked the number of months per year they participated in strenuous exercise or sports during high school and ages 18–22. During 20 years of follow-up, we documented 518 new cases of non-fatal MI and fatal CHD. After adjusting for age and other cardiovascular risk factors, the rate ratios (RR) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) corresponding to 0, 0.1 – 3.5, 3.6 – 8.8, 8.9 – 21.0, and > 21 MET-hours/week of physical activity were 1.0, 0.93 (0.71, 1.21), 0.73 (0.56, 0.95), 0.67 (0.52, 0.88), and 0.63 (0.49, 0.83) (p for trend = 0.001). There was no evidence of effect modification by age or body mass index. Specifically in women less than 50 years of age, the corresponding RR were 1.0, 0.97 (0.70, 1.35), 0.75 (0.53, 1.04), 0.69 (0.50, 0.96), and 0.63 (0.45, 0.88) (p for trend = 0.008). Brisk walking alone was also associated with significant reductions in CHD risk. In contrast to physical activity during adulthood, frequency of participation in strenuous activity in high school or during ages 18–22 was not associated with risk of CHD when adjusted for current physical activity. Conclusions: These prospective data suggest that physical activity is associated with substantial risk reductions in the incidence of coronary heart disease in young women.

scholarly journals Independent and Synergistic Associations of Biomarkers of Vitamin D Status With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 2204-2212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Qi ◽  
Wenjie Ma ◽  
Yoriko Heianza ◽  
Yan Zheng ◽  
Tiange Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Incident Cases

Objective— To comprehensively evaluate the independent associations and potential interactions of vitamin D–related biomarkers including total and bioavailable 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), VDBP (vitamin D binding protein), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Approach and Results— We prospectively identified incident cases of nonfatal myocardial infarction and fatal CHD among women in the Nurses’ Health Study during 20 years of follow-up (1990–2010). Using risk-set sampling, 1 to 2 matched controls were selected for each case. The analysis of 25OHD and PTH included 382 cases and 575 controls; the analysis of VDBP included 396 cases and 398 controls. After multivariate adjustment, plasma levels of total 25OHD, bioavailable 25OHD, and PTH were not significantly associated with CHD risk. VDBP was associated with a lower CHD risk with an extreme-quartile odds ratio of 0.60 (95% confidence interval, 0.39–0.92; P trend=0.02). When examining the biomarkers jointly, a significant, inverse association between 25OHD and CHD was observed among participants with higher PTH levels ( P for interaction=0.02). The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) comparing the highest quartile of 25OHD to lowest was 0.43 (0.23–0.82; P trend=0.003) when PTH levels were above population median (35.3 pg/mL), whereas among the rest of participants the corresponding odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 1.28 (0.70–2.36; P trend=0.43). Conclusions— Our data suggest that higher 25OHD levels were associated with a lower CHD risk when PTH levels were high, whereas no association was observed for participants with low PTH levels. VDBP but not bioavailable 25OHD was independently associated with lower CHD risk.

scholarly journals Comparative Risk of Incident Coronary Heart Disease Across Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Sinha ◽  
Adovich S. Rivera ◽  
Simran A. Chadha ◽  
Sameer Prasada ◽  
Anna E. Pawlowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Coronary Revascularization ◽  
Cox Models ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Chd Risk

Background: Chronic inflammatory diseases (CIDs) are considered risk enhancing factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). However, sparse data exist regarding relative CHD risks across CIDs.Objective: Determine relative differences in CHD risk across multiple CIDs: psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), systemic sclerosis (SSc), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Methods: The cohort included patients with CIDs and controls without CID in an urban medical system from 2000 to 2019. Patients with CIDs were frequency-matched with non-CID controls on demographics, hypertension, and diabetes. CHD was defined as myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic heart disease, and/or coronary revascularization based on validated administrative codes. Multivariable-adjusted Cox models were used to determine the risk of incident CHD and MI for each CID relative to non-CID controls. In secondary analyses, we compared CHD risk by disease severity within each CID.Results: Of 17,049 patients included for analysis, 619 had incident CHD (202 MI) over an average of 4.4 years of follow-up. The multivariable-adjusted risk of CHD was significantly higher for SLE [hazard ratio (HR) 1.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2, 3.2] and SSc (HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2, 3.9). Patients with SLE also had a significantly higher risk of MI (HR 3.6, 95% CI 1.9, 6.8). When CIDs were categorized by markers of disease severity (C-reactive protein for all CIDs except HIV, for which CD4 T cell count was used), greater disease severity was associated with higher CHD risk across CIDs.Conclusions: Patients with SLE and SSc have a higher risk of CHD. CHD risk with HIV, RA, psoriasis, and IBD may only be elevated in those with greater disease severity. Clinicians should personalize CHD risk and treatment based on type and severity of CID.

scholarly journals Associations of Job Strain, Stressful Life Events, and Social Strain With Coronary Heart Disease in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Conglong Wang ◽  
Félice Lê‐Scherban ◽  
Jennifer Taylor ◽  
Elena Salmoirago‐Blotcher ◽  
Matthew Allison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Social Strain ◽  
Health Initiative ◽  
Chd Risk

Background The association between psychosocial stress and coronary heart disease (CHD) may be stronger in women than men and may differ across types of stressors. In this study, we assessed associations of psychosocial stressors, including job strain, stressful life events, and social strain with the incidence of CHD in women. Methods and Results We used longitudinal data from 80 825 WHI‐OS (Women's Health Initiative Observational Study) participants with a mean age of 63.4 years (7.3 years) at baseline. Job strain was assessed through linkage of Standard Occupational Classification codes to the Occupational Information Network. Stressful life events and social strain were assessed via validated self‐reported questionnaires. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate associations of each stressor with CHD separately and jointly. A total of 3841 (4.8%) women developed CHD during an average of 14.7 years of follow‐up. After adjustment for age, other stressors, job tenure, and socioeconomic factors, high stressful life events score was associated with a 12% increased CHD risk, and high social strain was associated with a 9% increased CHD risk. Job strain was not independently associated with CHD risk, but we observed a statistically significant interaction between job strain and social strain ( P =0.04), such that among women with high social strain, passive job strain was associated with a 21% increased CHD risk. Conclusions High stressful life events and social strain were each associated with higher CHD risk. Job strain and social strain work synergistically to increase CHD risk.

Abstract P310: Contribution of AHA Life’s Simple 7 to Sex Differences in the Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyi Huang ◽  
Eric Rimm ◽  
Janet Rich-Edwards ◽  
Frank Hu ◽  
Kathryn M Rexrode
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Life’S Simple 7 ◽  
Life's Simple 7

Background: Substantial sex differences exist in the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), with women at lower risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) but higher risk for stroke compared with men. However, the underlying reasons remain poorly understood, and no study to date has quantified the contribution of conventional cardiovascular risk factors to these sex differences. Methods: We prospectively followed 71,342 women from the Nurses’ Health Study and 36,499 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2012) without CVD history at baseline who had complete data on Life’s Simple 7 (LS7), including smoking, diet quality, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes. Time-varying Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for CHD and stroke comparing men versus women adjusted for age. Impact of LS7 on sex differences was evaluated by change in the sex HR estimate after further adjustment for LS7. We assessed effect modification by sex for the associations between individual components of LS7 and risk of CHD and stroke. Results: The age-adjusted HR (95% CI) comparing men versus women was 2.21 (2.10, 2.32) for CHD and 0.74 (0.69, 0.80) for stroke. Rates of achieving LS7 goals were in general worse among women compared to men (age-standardized mean LS7 score: 3.7 versus 4.1). Smoking, diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were more strongly associated with CHD risk in women than in men (p-interaction<0.01), whereas the associations with BMI, diet quality and physical activity were similar by sex (p-interaction>0.23). For example, every 5 pack-years of smoking was associated with 19% higher CHD risk in women (95% CI: 1.17, 1.21) and 8% higher risk in men (95% CI: 1.06, 1.10). The HR (95% CI) associated with diabetes was 2.63 (2.40, 2.88) in women and 1.32 (1.15, 1.50) in men. By contrast, while most risk factors showed stronger associations with stroke risk in women than in men, only the difference for smoking reached statistical significance (p-interaction=0.009). After adjustment for LS7, the HR (95% CI) by sex increased to 2.61 (2.47, 2.75) for CHD and was attenuated to 0.83 (0.76, 0.89) for stroke. Conclusion: Lower LS7 achievement and stronger associations of LS7 with CVD outcomes in women than in men appeared to explain some of the sex difference in stroke risk but not CHD risk on the risk ratio scale. Ongoing work is exploring the impact of LS7 on sex differences on the absolute risk difference scale.

scholarly journals Social and Behavioral Risk Marker Clustering Associated with Biological Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease: NHANES 2001–2004

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Everage ◽  
Crystal D. Linkletter ◽  
Annie Gjelsvik ◽  
Stephen T. McGarvey ◽  
Eric B. Loucks
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Risk Marker ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Chd Risk Factors

Background. Social and behavioral risk markers (e.g., physical activity, diet, smoking, and socioeconomic position) cluster; however, little is known whether clustering is associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Objectives were to determine if sociobehavioral clustering is associated with biological CHD risk factors (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, and diabetes) and whether associations are independent of individual clustering components.Methods. Participants included 4,305 males and 4,673 females aged ≥20 years from NHANES 2001–2004. Sociobehavioral Risk Marker Index (SRI) included a summary score of physical activity, fruit/vegetable consumption, smoking, and educational attainment. Regression analyses evaluated associations of SRI with aforementioned biological CHD risk factors. Receiver operator curve analyses assessed independent predictive ability of SRI.Results. Healthful clustering (SRI = 0) was associated with improved biological CHD risk factor levels in 5 of 6 risk factors in females and 2 of 6 risk factors in males. Adding SRI to models containing age, race, and individual SRI components did not improve C-statistics.Conclusions. Findings suggest that healthful sociobehavioral risk marker clustering is associated with favorable CHD risk factor levels, particularly in females. These findings should inform social ecological interventions that consider health impacts of addressing social and behavioral risk factors.

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