The penal narratives of community sentence and the role of probation: The case of the Wrocław model of community service

2020 ◽  
pp. 206622032097610
Author(s):  
Anna Matczak
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Community Sanctions ◽  
Shed Light

This article draws on Robinson, McNeill and Maruna’s argument about the adaptability of community sanctions and measures, observed through four distinctive penal narratives, in order to shed light on the regional development of community service in Wrocław, Poland. While the managerial adaptation of community sanctions is underpinned by an inter-agency cooperation to fulfil the goals of the system, the contemporary rehabilitation iteration has become a toolkit of measures predominantly phrased around risk management, the reparative discourse seeks various means to repair harm and the punitive orientation represents the turn to desert-based and populist sentencing frameworks. In this article, the first three are reflected upon along with the emerging, restorative adaptation of community sanctions. The last one is added to expand on the findings of this author’s previous research, which suggests the viability of the restorative orientation for community service in Poland. A brief discussion of how punishment, probation and restorative justice can be reconciled is followed by the introduction of Polish probation and the role of probation officers in delivering community service in Poland. Although the penal narratives are visible in the Wrocław model to different degrees and in various combinations, more research is required to evaluate the viability of a progressive orientation to punishment during a gradual optimisation of community orders.

The Role of Human Rights in Long-Term Sentencing

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 281-293
Author(s):  
Marieke Liem ◽  
Jan Maarten Elbers
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Shed Light

In recent decades, the number of long-term detainees held worldwide has increased significantly. Academics and policy makers have begun to challenge the widespread use and effectiveness of such severe sentences, however. This article aims to shed light on the role of human rights in imposing and executing long-term custodial sentences. There appears to be tension between ensuring that human rights are respected and provision of security through the incapacitation of offenders. This tension can only be understood properly in the context of contemporary risk-management associated with increased punitiveness.

Mediation in the work of a family assistant

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-101
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Lewicka-Zelent
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Institutional Support ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Modern Family ◽  
Social Competences

Mediation is used more and more commonly by specialists in working with other people. Its principles are used by teachers, lawyers, social workers, probation officers etc. Rarely, however, it is presented in the context of tasks performed by family assistants. The aim of the article is to reflect on the possibilities of using it by these specialists working in a family environment where institutional support is necessary. Preliminary considerations concern the specifics of the needs of the modern family and the assumptions of the restorative justice paradigm in the field of mediation – one of its constructive forms of conflict resolution. Literature review allows to indicate the place of mediation in the work of family assistants in the aspect of: formally and informally fulfilling the role of mediator, transferring knowledge about mediation to clients, developing clients’ social competences and cooperation with other family support specialists.

scholarly journals The region and the smaller enterprise: A discussion of appropriate investigative methodologies

2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Pownall
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Research Themes ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Aid Policy ◽  
Shed Light

Regional policy instruments are typically driven by economic rationales, from either a firm or industrial perspective. Yet too often, these rationales are taken as ex ante to the contexts within which firms and industries compete. Recent regional development research has urged a better link be developed between the individual, the firm, and their context, so as to understand the role of regions in supporting effective competitiveness of organizations. In this article, recent research themes are explored that may shed light on the nature of this relationship and that can be developed into an investigative methodology that could aid policy practitioners in generating policy instruments that reflect differing societal constructions of SME reality.

scholarly journals KUALITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK PADA KANTOR CAMAT TENAYAN RAYA KOTA PEKANBARU

Jurnal Niara ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Widia Astuti ◽  
Irawati Irawati ◽  
Ruslihardy Ruslihardy
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Optimal Service ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
And Control

The success of regional development by the government run by these areas, where the implementation is greatly influenced by the ability of the apparatus in performing their duties. The role of the government apparatus is mostly used as a means of renewal and empowerment of the community. Therefore, the basic functions and control performed by the government apparatus is the formulation and implementation of policies that function as a motivator and facilitator for the achievement of fair and equitable development goals in all fields. Conservation of one of the spearheads of public services must provide optimal service and quality sehinggah the role of kecamatan as a salag of one community service can be efficient and effective.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS PERAN PEMBIMBING KEMASYARAKATAN DALAM PENERAPAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE TERHADAP ANAK PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PADA BALAI PEMASYARAKATAN KELAS I MAKASSAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
Harliyanti Harliyanti ◽  
Ruslan Renggong ◽  
Abd. Hamid Haris
Keyword(s):  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Probation Officers ◽  
Literature Research ◽  
The Law ◽  
Perpetrators And Victims ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Using Data

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas peran Pembimbing Kemasyarakatan dalam pelaksanaan restorative justice terhadap anak pelaku tindak pidana dan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang menghambat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Balai Pemasyarakatan Klas I Makassar, dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa penelitian kepustakaan dan studi lapangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa peran pembimbing kemasyarakatan dalam penerapan restorative justice, terhadap pendampingan, pembimbingan, Pengawasan  anak pelaku tindak pidana belum efektif,  disebabkan masih terdapat kendala sehingga  perlu  dilakukan  peningkatan kualitas dalam penerapan restorative justice. Faktor-faktor yang menghambat peran pembimbing kemasyarakatan dalam penerapan restorative justice adalah kurangnya sumber daya manusia pembimbing kemasyarakatan, jangkauan wilayah kerja Bapas, kurangnya sarana dan prasarana, dukungan masyarakat dalam penerapan Restorative Justice, kurangnya partisipasi  korban, orang tua dan pelaku, dan lambatnya koordinasi antar lembaga yang menangani masalah anak pelaku tindak pidana. This study aims to determine the role of Parole and Probation Officers in the implementation of restorative justice against children who are dealing with the law and to determine the factors that inhibit the role of social counselors in the implementation of restorative justice against children who commit criminal acts at Bapas Kelas I Makassar. This research was conducted at the Balai Pemasyarakatan Kelas I Makassar, by using data collection techniques in the form of literature research and field studies by conducting direct interviews with relevant parties. The results of this study indicate that: (1) The role of Parole and Probation Officers is very important in the implementation of restorative justice, providing assistance, guidance, supervision as well as conducting research and reporting through (LITMAS) to have a significant influence on children who are dealing with the law and the victims in implementing restorative justice. (2) Coordination between institutions that deal with the problem of children in conflict with the law, limited number of Parole and Probation Officers, incompatible tasks performed with what should be done, lack of understanding from the perpetrators and victims regarding restorative justice manifested in the form of diversion, and determination of agreements on compensation victims who can be accepted by children who are dealing with the law.

The Role of Zinc in Thyroid Hormones Metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Soares Severo ◽  
Jennifer Beatriz Silva Morais ◽  
Taynáh Emannuelle Coelho de Freitas ◽  
Ana Letícia Pereira Andrade ◽  
Mayara Monte Feitosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Zinc Transporters ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Serum T3 ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract. Thyroid hormones play an important role in body homeostasis by facilitating metabolism of lipids and glucose, regulating metabolic adaptations, responding to changes in energy intake, and controlling thermogenesis. Proper metabolism and action of these hormones requires the participation of various nutrients. Among them is zinc, whose interaction with thyroid hormones is complex. It is known to regulate both the synthesis and mechanism of action of these hormones. In the present review, we aim to shed light on the regulatory effects of zinc on thyroid hormones. Scientific evidence shows that zinc plays a key role in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, specifically by regulating deiodinases enzymes activity, thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) synthesis, as well as by modulating the structures of essential transcription factors involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Serum concentrations of zinc also appear to influence the levels of serum T3, T4 and TSH. In addition, studies have shown that Zinc transporters (ZnTs) are present in the hypothalamus, pituitary and thyroid, but their functions remain unknown. Therefore, it is important to further investigate the roles of zinc in regulation of thyroid hormones metabolism, and their importance in the treatment of several diseases associated with thyroid gland dysfunction.

The Adult as Foe or Friend?: Childism in Guus Kuijer's Criticism and Fiction

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Joosen
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Children's Books ◽  
Children’S Books ◽  
Memorial Award ◽  
Adult Reader ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Selection Of

Compared to the attention that children's literature scholars have paid to the construction of childhood in children's literature and the role of adults as authors, mediators and readers of children's books, few researchers have made a systematic study of adults as characters in children's books. This article analyses the construction of adulthood in a selection of texts by the Dutch author and Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award winner Guus Kuijer and connects them with Elisabeth Young-Bruehl's recent concept of ‘childism’ – a form of prejudice targeted against children. Whereas Kuijer published a severe critique of adulthood in Het geminachte kind [The despised child] (1980), in his literary works he explores a variety of positions that adults can take towards children, with varying degrees of childist features. Such a systematic and comparative analysis of the way grown-ups are characterised in children's texts helps to shed light on a didactic potential that materialises in different adult subject positions. After all, not only literary and artistic aspects of children's literature may be aimed at the adult reader (as well as the child), but also the didactic aspect of children's books can cross over between different age groups.

Methodological bases and practice of risk management of regional development (part 1)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-126
Author(s):  
Valery V. Karpov ◽  
Anna G. Breusova ◽  
Anna A. Korableva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Strategic Risk ◽  
Risk Committee ◽  
State Programs

The article is devoted to the theoretical foundations and analysis of the experience of subjects of the Russian Federation in the field of regional development risk management. The article examines the concept of risk, its difference and relationship with the concepts of uncertainty, threat, danger, security and others. It is determined that dangers are constantly present in the regional economy. And risk, as a measurable uncertainty with multiple outcomes, for which the probability of occurrence of a risk event is calculated, is manifested as a result of the occurrence of a hazard. When comparing the concepts of risk and security, this means that the security of the regional economy is manifested in the ability to resist threats and manage risks, and not in the complete absence of dangers. It is revealed that ISO standards distinguish between the concepts of risk management and risk management. For further discussion, risk management is understood as a systematic approach to using the full range of mechanisms available to public authorities to reduce emerging risks and threats to the socio-economic development of the region. Further, the analysis of risk management in the practice of regional management on the example of the Omsk, Novosibirsk and Tyumen regions is carried out. The relevant tools in the activities of government bodies, such as territorial development strategies, state programs and projects, were identified, which allowed us to introduce a classification of risks with the allocation of strategic, tactical risks of territorial development and project management risks, among which there is a strategic level. The analysis of the implemented tools for compliance with the mandatory stages of risk management showed mainly the absence of risk identification, unified requirements for risk accounting and systematic risk management of regional development. Among the assessed regions, the Tyumen region has the best practices in terms of risk management. For a more detailed analysis authors highlighted the key institutional and instrumental elements of risk management such as risk committee, strategic risk map, risk register, action plan for risk management, and defined logical relationships between them.

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