scholarly journals Urban and Spatial Planning: Pragmatic Considerations for Plan Implementation Improvements (A Case Study of the City of Bor)

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402199455
Author(s):  
Dragana S. Nikolić ◽  
Marijana D. Pantić ◽  
Vesna T. Jokić
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Plan Implementation ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
The Government ◽  
Local Government Budget

The main task of planning documents is to achieve maximal rationality in the use of space, spatial resources, and balanced territorial development. The preparation of plans is regulated by a legislative framework, which embraces multiple phases and stakeholders. In a perfect planning process, it would be expected that all the elements are well coordinated and brought to common understanding, but in reality, obstacles and challenges can occur in any of these steps, especially in the implementation phase. Although a plan is fully prepared to be practiced, its implementation might be omitted. Therefore, this article analyzes the full process of spatial and urban planning from the perspective of plan implementation. The methodology is based on a combination of different data collection methods (interviews, fieldwork, direct observation) with the analysis of plans and the particular mention of those plans that picture the implementation issues the most. Also, legislative acts and semi-annual and annual reports on the achievements of the local government budget are analyzed. The approach indicates that plan implementation depends the most on the willingness of the government to perform changes in the system and to peruse punitive policy comprehensively. Although it is about implementation at the local level, the success primarily depends on clear definitions given in the legislative acts, freedom of the local communities to make their own decisions, and financial decentralization, side by side with the regional and local circumstances, institutional technical and staff capacities, and application of participatory planning that involves actors from various sectors.

Governance and Territorial Development in Ecuador: The Plan Nacional del Buen Vivir in Zaruma, Piñas and Portovelo

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSÉ PRADA-TRIGO
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
National Plan ◽  
Buen Vivir ◽  
Real Change ◽  
Good Living ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article analyses the impact at a local level of the changes that have been introduced within the framework of the Plan Nacional del Buen Vivir (National Plan for Good Living, PNBV) in Ecuador since 2007. It assesses the extent to which there has been real change in local administration and governance and, if so, the impact in areas such as economic development, innovation and quality of life. Fieldwork was carried out across three towns and cantons – Zaruma, Piñas and Portovelo – in the province of El Oro. Historically, these have been characterised by their dependence on the primary export model that the government of Rafael Correa has sought to move beyond. The progress and limitations of this process are assessed within the context of the National Plan for Good Living.

scholarly journals Towards More Balanced Territorial Relations—The Role (and Limitations) of Spatial Planning as a Governance Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5308
Author(s):  
Karlheinz Knickel ◽  
Alexandra Almeida ◽  
Lisa Bauchinger ◽  
Maria Pia Casini ◽  
Bernd Gassler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
Integrated Development ◽  
Plan Implementation ◽  
Governance Arrangements

Decision-makers, planners and administrators involved in different policy domains at different governance levels face the important challenge of fostering more balanced, sustainable and territorially integrated development. Well-designed, multi-level, multi-sector and multi-actor governance arrangements can play a key role in this process through orchestrating the interplay between different spheres, activities, actors and interests. In this paper, we examine the role of spatial planning in improving the relations between rural, peri-urban and urban areas. We analyse the strengths and limitations of spatial planning and explore the connections with territorial development. The methodology used for this analysis combines regional case studies in seven European locations—Ede, Frankfurt/Rhein-Main, Styria/Graz, Helsinki, Lisbon, Lucca and Mid Wales, with rapid appraisals, the analysis of published data, expert judgement and triangulation. We ask under which conditions spatial planning can induce more balanced, sustainable territorial relations, and look at the contribution planning can make to achieving sustainable development goals. The problem of ineffective (or toothless) plan implementation provides the entry point into the analysis and discussion. We illustrate why mutually beneficial relations between urban, peri-urban and rural communities (and territories) cannot simply be planned. Instead, these relationships need to be supported by strategies, policy instruments and governance arrangements that foster synergies between different actors and activities. The planning process itself needs to become more transparent and participatory. We conclude that the questions addressed in this article in an exploratory fashion merit further research especially as a more sustainable and territorially integrated development is becoming increasingly important in European policy making.

scholarly journals STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF STATE PLANNING DOCUMENTS IS A VECTOR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AT THE LOCAL LEVEL

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Chernykhivska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Strategic Environmental Assessment ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
State Planning ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Use Of Resources

The article reveals the conceptual aspects of the implementation of sustainable development at the local territorial level through the application of strategic environmental assessment procedures in Ukraine in the context of decentralization of management. Emphasis is placed on the importance of local territorial development through strategic environmental assessment and implementation of the principles of sustainable development, which our country needs today on the path to European integration. The scientific and practical relevance of the proposed study is due to the need to develop and improve effective regulatory economic mechanisms that can ensure sustainable development at the local level through the effective conduct of strategic environmental assessment of state planning documents. The article is devoted to applied issues of implementation and realization of sustainable development at the local level. The theoretical essence and content of strategic environmental assessment are studied. Sustainable development is considered as a necessary and integral element of local development as a basis for harmonious ecological and economic development of the territory on the basis of the most efficient use of resources and preservation of potential for future generations. The subjects of SEA at the local level and their functions are generalized. SEA has been shown to provide a focus on a comprehensive analysis of the potential environmental impact of planned activities and to use the results of this analysis to prevent or mitigate environmental impacts in the strategic planning process. Examples of ensuring the principles of sustainable development in the conduct of SEA of state planning documents are proposed. The relationship between the basic principles of sustainable development and SEA is revealed. The expediency of integration of strategic ecological assessment into sustainable development of the territory is substantiated. Prospects for the elimination of negative environmental consequences from the implementation of the proposed strategic actions with the conduct of SEA are outlined. The main tasks of SEA in the implementation of sustainable development at the local level are identified.

A national plan, built from below ? — The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, India

Social Change ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 69-88
Author(s):  
Kanchi Kohli ◽  
Ashish Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Local Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
External Support ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
Conservation Action ◽  
The Government ◽  
High Level

The National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP), formulated from 2000 to 2003, was envisaged as a comprehensive action plan for conserving biodiversity in India, that would adequately reflect the aspirations of the hitherto marginalised peoples who have a direct stake in biodiversity conservation. For the first time, a truly participatory approach was adopted for environmental conservation and planning in India. For a country of India's size, biological and cultural diversity and immense social and economic divides, this has been no easy task for Kalpavriksh Environmental Action Group, the NGO with whom the Government of India is collaborating to formulate the NBSAP. In this article, the process and products of the NBSAP are reviewed, outlining its aims, the extent to which these have been met and the limitations in the process of its formulation. Through 33 state-level, 18 local-level and 10 inter-state level plans, the draft National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP) recommends a series of bold measures to ensure that the country's ecological security is ensured. These measures call for a major reorientation of the process of economic development and of governance of natural resources, such that the health of the environment, and the livelihoods of biomass-dependent communities become central to all planning. The NBSAP process has been highly successful with respect to degree of involvement of local communities, development of linkages with ongoing conservation action, integration of cross-cutting issues such as globalisation and livelihood into conservation planning, and comprehensive assessment of various aspects of biodiversity. Implementation of the NBSAP has already begun in parts of nine states without external support, showing the high level of impact it has had on active citizens’ groups and governmental bodies. However, the planning process suffered from a number of inadequacies such as ineffective networking with some critical sections of the public such as religious leaders and corporate houses and unsatisfactory degree of involvement of women.

scholarly journals ORGANISATIONAL AND LEGAL SUPPORT FOR REFUGEES DURING WORLD WAR I (IN A PROVINCIAL TOWN)

2020 ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Irina V. Frolova
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Level ◽  
World War ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Local Initiative ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Russian Empire

The author in the article analyses the process of formation of organisational and legal institutions during World War I on a specifi c example of a district town of Novgorod Province (Cherepovets). Local governments, including district councils (zemstvo), municipal governments and the institutions they created, played a great role in providing assistance to refugees on the level of districts (volost) and settlements. The study of Cherepovets archival documents on the refugees allows to suggest that the activities of the Committee named after Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia and the activities of the Provincial Committee of the All-Russian Urban Union were widespread here. All the events that were held at the local level initially were neither systematic nor co-ordinated, they completely depended on the local initiative because of the lack of a legislative framework for assistance to refugees in the Russian Empire during the fi rst years of the war. The government refugee institutions were created later (summer 1915 to spring 1916), and they had the structure similar to the exisisting state administrative bodies, and they were funded by the State Treasury.

scholarly journals Strengthening Rural Decentralisation: A Study on the Role of International Organisations

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Sujit Kumar Paul
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Grass Root Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Panchayati Raj

The term ‘decentralisation’ has generally been used to refer to a variety of institutional reforms. It has sometimes been considered as a change in the organisational framework in which political, social and economic decisions are made and implemented. It is also understood as a mechanism to transfer responsibility and authority. In recent years, decentralisation has received singular attention all over the world. It has been considered as one of the most important elements in development strategy. It is a global and regional phenomenon, and most countries have attempted to implement it as a tool for development, as a political philosophy, and as a mechanism for sharing responsibility at different levels.Since 1980s, developing countries have increasingly adopted decentralised form of governance. Decentralisation means the transfer of authority and responsibility from central to intermediate and local governments. Although the democratic decentralisation in terms of Panchayati Raj Institutions (village councils) was a post-Independence phenomenon, there has been a legacy and tradition of village panchayats since time immemorial in India. The 73rd and 74th Amendment Act, 1993 of the Constitution of India has made the Panchayat an institution of self-government. As per the constitution, Panchayats shall prepare plan for economic development and social justice at their level. The District Planning Committee shall integrate the plan so prepared with the plans prepared by the local bodies at district level. The success and failure of the Panchayats would depend on planning and implementation. It also depends on maximum people’s participation at every stage of planning process, from proposal to implementation. People’s participation in local-level development has been exercised through the formulation of the Panchayat-level development plan, project coordination at intermediate and district levels of the Panchayats.The Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in West Bengal are very strong bodies, which function as real institutions of self-governance. In West Bengal, the planning process of grass-root level has some stages from proposal to implementation. After introduction of 3-tier Panchayat system in 1978, the Government of West Bengal brought about need-based reforms in the system from time to time from the very beginning. Encouraged by the State Government’s strong commitment to rural decentralisation, Department for International Development (DFID), Government of UK came forward to support the ongoing rural decentralisation initiatives and upscale the bottom-up planning process. In the present study, an attempt has been made to understand the role of DFID for strengthening decentralisation in rural Bengal.

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL MAPPING TOWARDS DEVELOPING A FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE MARINE SPATIAL PLANNING

2016 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W1 ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
M. H. M. Yatim ◽  
A. H. Omar ◽  
N. M. Abdullah ◽  
N. M. Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
Evaluation Phase ◽  
Institutional Sustainability ◽  
The Government

Within few years before, the urge to implement the marine spatial planning is due to increasing numbers of marine activities that will lead into uncertainties of rights, restrictions and responsibilities of the maritime nations. Marine authorities in this situation that deal with national rights and legislations are the government institutions that engage with marine spatial information. There are several elements to be considered when dealing with the marine spatial planning; which is institutional sustainability governance. Providing the importance of marine spatial planning towards sustainable marine spatial governance, the focus should highlight the role marine institutions towards sustainable marine plan. The iterative process of marine spatial planning among marine institutions is important as the spatial information governance is scattered from reflected rights, restrictions and responsibilities of marine government institutions. Malaysia is one of the maritime nations that conjures the initial step towards establishing the sustainable marine spatial planning. In order to have sustainable institutions in marine spatial planning process, it involves four main stages; planning phase, plan evaluation phase, implementation phase and post implementation phase. Current situation has witnessed the unclear direction and role of marine government institutions to manage the marine spatial information. This review paper is focusing on the institutional sustainability upon interaction of marine government institutions in the marine spatial planning process based on Institutional Analysis Framework. The outcome of the integration of institutional sustainability and marine spatial planning process will propose a framework of marine institutional sustainable plan.

scholarly journals Democratising Terai Forestry Governance: Emerging Innovations in the Western Terai Region of Nepal

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bal Krishna Jamarkattel ◽  
Sindhu Prasad Dhungana ◽  
Srijana Baral ◽  
Bishwas Rana ◽  
Hari Dhungana
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Forest Management Planning ◽  
The People ◽  
Management Context ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The Government of Nepal has had a high interest in the Terai forest in order to harness its enormous revenue potential. However, the policies and plans formulated to this end have not attained the intended results, as these have failed to fully understand the emerging complexities in the Terai. Accordingly, policy response has often been ad hoc, inconsistent and unstable, leading to confusion and conflict on Terai forest management. Drawing on the cases of three districts of Lumbini zone in the Western Terai of Nepal, this paper discusses the forest management context of Nepal Terai, and identifies key innovations that have emerged at district and local levels. It argues that these innovations have the potential for a creative transformation of forest management planning process at district and local level, and for their wider replication and diffusion. This paper also discusses key issues that need further attention so as to maximise the impact of these innovations by putting them into practice. It highlights that emerging complexity of Nepal Terai requires much wider stakeholder engagement in order to facilitate forest management planning and implementation that benefit both the government and the people. Full text is available at the ForestAction websiteDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jfl.v8i2.2306 Journal of Forest and Livelihood 8(2) February 2009 pp.27-38

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN LOANS IN DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF HIGHWAYS MINISTRY OF PUBLIC WORKS

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Yunik Eva Sarlina
Keyword(s):  
Public Works ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
The Road ◽  
Directorate General ◽  
Preparation Phase ◽  
Foreign Loans ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

Provision of road infrastructure does, efficiently and effectively, have an effect on economy increase in a region. The limitedability of the government in the provision of funding for the road infrastructure requires the handling on the organizers of theroads, it also needs efforts to look for funding resources outside the APBN as a resource of funds for foreign loans. This studyaims to know the process of foreign loans, the characteristics of each foreign loan, and the loan implementation performance inDirectorate General of Highways, Ministry of Public Works. The research was using the qualitative descriptive methodsfocusing on thorough depiction of form, function, and meaning of prohibition; data collection was done by collecting the entireloan process from the preparation phase to the implementation phase through interviewing and documentation literature. Thedocument consists of the loan agreement document, documents monthly reports and annual reports, lender regulations, legalregulations of the Republic of Indonesia, photo documentation and archives. The result showed that the scoring ofperformance, multilateral loan is better than bilateral loan. This is evidenced by higher score for multilateral loan than bilateralloan. Particularly in terms of regulations, multilateral loan having score 15, it was because the lender adjusts by existingregulations in Indonesia, while bilateral loan having score 13. Furthermore, from the aspect of financial benefits, bilateral loanhave score of 41 and is more advantageous than the multilateral loan which score is 29.

DIRECTIONS FOR PROVISION OF PUBLIC BODIES’ TRANSPARENCY AND ACCOUNTABILITY IN CONDITIONS OF PARTICIPATORY DEMOCRACY DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (11) ◽  
pp. 144-154
Author(s):  
Olga Mykhailоvna Ivanitskaya
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Participatory Democracy ◽  
Main Task ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Governance ◽  
Legislative Initiative ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Transparency And Accountability

The article is devoted to issues of ensuring transparency and ac- countability of authorities in the conditions of participatory democracy (democ- racy of participation). It is argued that the public should be guaranteed not only the right for access to information but also the prerequisites for expanding its par- ticipation in state governance. These prerequisites include: the adoption of clearly measurable macroeconomic and social goals and the provision of control of the processes of their compliance with the government by citizens of the country; ex- tension of the circle of subjects of legislative initiative due to realization of such rights by citizens and their groups; legislative definition of the forms of citizens’ participation in making publicly significant decisions, design of relevant orders and procedures, in particular participation in local referendum; outlining methods and procedures for taking into account social thought when making socially im- portant decisions. The need to disclose information about resources that are used by authorities to realize the goals is proved as well as key performance indicators that can be monitored by every citizen; the efforts made by governments of coun- tries to achieve these goals. It was noted that transparency in the conditions of representative democracy in its worst forms in a society where ignorance of the thought of society and its individual members is ignored does not in fact fulfill its main task — to establish an effective dialogue between the authorities and so- ciety. There is a distortion of the essence of transparency: instead of being heard, society is being asked to be informed — and passively accept the facts presented as due. In fact, transparency and accountability in this case are not instruments for the achievement of democracy in public administration, but by the form of a tacit agreement between the subjects of power and people, where the latter passes the participation of an “informed observer”.

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