scholarly journals DEFINING A SAFE ZONE FOR ALL INSIDE LATERAL MENISCUS REPAIRS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS: A MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2325967119S0017
Author(s):  
Jennifer Beck ◽  
Kendall Shifflett ◽  
Danielle Greg ◽  
Edward Ebramzadeh ◽  
Richard E. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Lateral Meniscus ◽  
Safe Zone ◽  
Neurovascular Bundle ◽  
Posterior Horn ◽  
Popliteus Tendon ◽  
Anterior Edge ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose All-inside posterior horn lateral meniscal (PHLM) repair puts the popliteal neurovascular bundle (PVNB) at risk of injury by meniscal repair devices. The purpose of this study was to establish a safe zone of all-inside meniscal fixation in pediatric patients using MRI measurements between the popliteus tendon (PT) and popliteal neurovascular bundle (PNVB). We hypothesize that males and older age groups will have a larger distance between PT and PNVB. Methods Axial MRIs of 250 pediatric (5-16 yrs.) patients were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were grouped by age: group I (5-7yrs.): 61; II (8-10yrs.): 59; III (11-13yrs.): 60; IV (14-16yrs.): 70. At the level of the lateral meniscus, two lines starting at the lateral patella tendon border ending at the medial edge of the PT (D1) and the lateral edge of the PNVB (D2) were made on an axial knee MRI. D3 connected D1 to D2 at the meniscocapsular junction of the PHLM. D4 was derived geometrically, parallel and 8 mm anterior to D3 simulating the anterior edge of the PHLM. Results Analysis showed significant correlation between age and sex for D3 (p<0.0001). For D3, there were significant differences among all age groups, except between groups III and IV. Average (STD) D3 for age groups was: 14.1mm(3.1), 15.8(2.5), 17.0(3.3), 17.2(3.1). For D4, the average (STD) was: 11.9 mm(2.9); 13.9(2.5); 15.4(3.0); 15.2(2.9). There was significant difference in D3 and D4 in males versus females (17.6 vs 15.7 mm; p <0.001; 14.9 vs 13.2; p <0.001), particularly in III and IV (17.0 vs 13.8 and 16.8 vs 13.9). Conclusions This study provides normative data of the distance between popliteal neurovascular bundle and popliteus tendon at the meniscocapsular junction (D3) and anterior edge of the posterior horn lateral meniscus (D4) with the knee in full extension. Combined with previous studies showing the addition of knee flexion increases the distance between the meniscus and the neurovascular bundle, surgeons can use this data to improve safety of posterior horn lateral meniscus repair in pediatric patients.

Comparison of Human Thymus Gland between Young and Old Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1907-1909
Author(s):  
Faiza Mehboob ◽  
Ponum Mirani ◽  
M. Kamran Ameer ◽  
Khurram Shabeer ◽  
Muhammad Ali Qamar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Age ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Human Thymus ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: Study was conducted to examine the different parameters of human thymus glands of young and old patients and compare the findings between both age groups. Study Design: Comparative/observational study Place and Study: Study was conducted at Anatomy department of Nishtar Medical University Hospital, Multan for duration of six months from 15th January 2020 to 15th July 2020. Methods: Total 54 specimens of human thymus of 54 patients were enrolled in this study. All specimens were divided in to two groups I and II, Group I contains 27 patients with ages <30 years and group II with 27 patients having ages 45 to 60 years. All specimens were fixed in 10% formalin solution and then processed for paraffin embedding. Compare the different parameters such as thickness of interlobular connective tissue and thymic capsule, length and number of Hassal’s corpuscles between both groups. Data was analyzed by SPSS 24.0. Results: In group I 12 (44.44%) patients were ages <15 years and 15 (55.56%) patients were ages >15 years. In group 13 (48.15%) and 14 (51.85%) patients were ages <50 years and >50 years. There was a significant difference observed between both groups regarding thickness of interlobular connective tissue and thymic capsule, quantity and length of Hassal’s corpuscles with p-value <0.05. Conclusion: It is to be concluded that patients with young age had significantly less thickness of thymic capsule and interlobular connective tissue with more in number and decreasing size of Hassal’s corpuscles as compared to old age patients. Keywords: Human Thymus Glands, Young Age, Old Age

scholarly journals Estimating the Entrance Surface Dose in the Eyes, Thyroid, and Parotid Gland Regions in Adult and Pediatric Groups: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Omidi ◽  
Fariba Farhadi Birgani ◽  
Ali Asghar Parach ◽  
Hamed Zamani ◽  
Saman Dalvand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Surface Dose ◽  
Parotid Glands ◽  
Entrance Surface Dose ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) of sensitive organs in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) imaging of the maxillofacial region in the two age groups of adult and pediatric. Materials and Methods: In this work, the measurements were performed using Thermo Luminescent Dosimeters (TLD-GR200). The imaging was performed using a PROMAX 3D CBCT scanner for 30 adults and 20 pediatric patients. The ESD value for each patient in the region of eyes, thyroid, and parotid glands was measured by 15 TLDs during CBCT of maxillofacial. Results: The highest and lowest mean values of ESDs were related to the parotid and thyroid gland regions in adults, 4.77 ± 0.61 mGy and 0.37 ± 0.16 mGy, respectively. In addition, these values were obtained 2.97 ± 0.36 mGy and 0.35 ± 0.12 mGy in pediatric groups as the highest and lowest values in that order. The results showed that the ESD values of the parotid gland regions in maxilla and mandible examinations had a significant difference (P <0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference between the ESD values of the parotid gland regions among the adults and pediatric groups (P <0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, the ESD values in both age groups were higher in the parotid gland region during maxillofacial CBCT examinations. Therefore, it is recommended to set radiation parameters like mAs as low as possible for reducing the patient dose, especially pediatric patients due to the more sensitive organs.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE CEREBELLUM OF MEN AT A YOUNG AND OLD AGE ACCORDING TO MAGNETIC RESONANCE TOMOGRAPHY

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Anatoly A. Balandin ◽  
Lev M. Zheleznov ◽  
Irina A. Balandina ◽  
Valery S. Shelud'ko
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Tomography ◽  
Cerebellar Hemisphere ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

Investigation which devoted to the study of the age characteristics of the human body are becoming increasingly important. Magnetic resonance tomography is the most informative diagnostic method for intravital visualization of tissues and structures of the brain. It also allows you to more accurately see the picture of morphological features with age-associated changes. The aim of the study was to carry out a comparative analysis of the age-related morphometric characteristics of the cerebellum in male with mesocranic type of cranium in young and old age according to the data of magnetic resonance tomography. The analysis of the results of a morphometric study of the cerebellum on tomograms of 91 men examined for medical reasons was carried out. Depending on the age, the subjects were divided into two groups. Group I included 52 young men (22–27 years old, inclusive), group II included 39 elderly men (from 78 to 83 years old, inclusive). The transverse, longitudinal and vertical dimensions of the cerebellum were determined. When comparing the parameters of the linear dimensions of the cerebellum in the studied age groups of men, a statistically significant decrease in all indicators in old age compared with young age was revealed (p=0.042). There was no statistically significant difference between the parameters of the longitudinal and vertical sizes of the cerebellar hemispheres in individuals of each age group (p>0.05); there is a tendency for these sizes to prevail in the right cerebellar hemisphere. The results obtained can serve as the equivalent of the age-related anatomical norm of the cerebellum in young and old men, which will make it possible to use these data in basic and clinical research, as well as in medical practice.

scholarly journals The Safe Distance to the Popliteal Neurovascular Bundle in Pediatric Knee Arthroscopic Surgery: An Age-Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging Anatomic Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 232596711985502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Schachne ◽  
Madison R. Heath ◽  
Yi-Meng Yen ◽  
Kevin G. Shea ◽  
Daniel W. Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Skeletal Maturity ◽  
Lateral Meniscus ◽  
Meniscal Repair ◽  
Free Edge ◽  
Neurovascular Bundle ◽  
Posterior Horn ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Safe Distance

Background: The close proximity of the popliteal neurovascular bundle to the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus puts it at risk of compromise during lateral meniscal repair. This is particularly important in smaller pediatric patients, who are commonly treated for lateral meniscal abnormalities in isolation (discoid meniscus) or concomitantly with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Purpose: To quantify the distance between the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus and the popliteal neurovascular bundle along the path of meniscal repair and to investigate for associations with age, sex, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and skeletal maturity. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 144 magnetic resonance imaging scans were evaluated in a cohort of patients aged 10 to 18 years without meniscal or ligament abnormalities. Measurements were made along a line from the anterolateral portal between the popliteal neurovascular bundle and the free edge, midpoint, and meniscocapsular junctions of the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus. In addition to descriptive statistics of these distances by age and sex, analyses of variance and linear regression analyses were performed to investigate for associations with age, sex, height, weight, BMI, and skeletal maturity. Results: Male participants had a significantly larger mean free edge distance (14.4 ± 2.5 vs 13.1 ± 2.5 mm, respectively; P = .005) and midpoint distance (9.6 ± 2.2 vs 8.9 ± 1.8 mm, respectively; P = .011) than female participants but not a significantly larger meniscocapsular distance (5.2 ± 1.6 vs 4.6 ± 1.4 mm, respectively; P = .096). Linear regression analyses revealed significant associations between these distances and age, height, weight, and BMI ( P < .001 for all). There were statistically significant pairwise differences for free edge and midpoint distances to the neurovascular bundle between patients with open and closed physes. Conclusion: The distance between the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus and the popliteal vasculature along a trajectory from the standard anterolateral arthroscopic portal increases linearly throughout development between the ages of 10 and 18 years. There were also significant associations between height, weight, BMI, and skeletal maturity and these anatomic distances. Knowing the safe distance to the popliteal vasculature will increase the safety of arthroscopic lateral meniscal repair in children, especially with all-inside devices that require setting the penetration depth for the advancement of a sharp delivery device beyond the posterior capsule.

scholarly journals Computed tomography Scan Findings among Pediatric Patients with unprovoked Seizures: a Hospital-Based Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Karina Joson-Sanglay ◽  
Rogelio I. De Jesus
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Cranial Ct ◽  
Radiologic Findings ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Neurologic Findings

Objective. To describe the radiologic findings in pediatric patients who underwent cranial CT scan for unprovoked seizures at the Philippine General Hospital (PGH) and determine whether there is any association between the demographic characteristics such as age, age at onset, gender, as well as normal or abnormal neurologic examination findings, and the abnormal CT scan findings. Methods. Official results of all pediatric patients who underwent cranial CT scan for unprovoked seizures from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015 in PGH were reviewed. Data were described and statistically analyzed for differences in CT scan findings between different sexes, age groups, ages at onset, and presence or absence of neurologic findings. Results and Conclusion. Of the 88 cases included, 29 (32.95%) had abnormal CT findings. The most common finding was volume loss. No statistically significant difference was noted for the frequency of abnormal CT findings between categories. There was a trend towards more frequent abnormal CT scan findings among males, and among patients exhibiting abnormal neurologic findings.

Gross Morphometric Study on Postnatal Development of Adrenal Gland in Gohilwadi Goat (Capra Hircus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishnudeo Kumar ◽  
Anil Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Left And Right

A study was conducted on the adrenal gland of 20 Gohilwadi goats (Capra hircus), age ranging from day old to adult. Animals were divided in three age groups, viz., group-I (day old to 1 month), group-II (1 to 6 months) and group-III (above 6 months). The different gross and biometric parameters, viz., weight, length, width and thickness of both left and right adrenal gland were recorded. The left adrenal gland was roughly oval elongated and right was roughly triangular in shape in all the age groups. Different biometric parameters of adrenal gland increased significantly (P less than 0.05) from group I to group III. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in various gross and biometric observations between left and right adrenal gland within the same group.

Evaluation of the Clinical Features of 81 Patients with COVID-19: An Unpredictable Disease in Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayrettin Temel ◽  
Mehmet Gündüz ◽  
Hüseyin Arslan ◽  
Füsun Ünal ◽  
Emine Atağ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objective Data on the prognosis of clinical features of pediatric patients affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is insufficient. This study aimed to examine the clinical, laboratory, and radiology findings of pediatric patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods A total of 81 pediatric patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 who were admitted to the pediatric clinics of our tertiary care hospital in Istanbul between March 22 and May 1, 2020, were included in the study. Results Of the patients, 40 (49.6%) were boys and 41 (50.6%) were girls. The mean age of the patients was 9.3 ± 5.5 years (range: 1 month–16 years). The most common symptoms were cough (28.4%) and fever (25.9%). A total of 26 patients (32.1%) had pharyngeal erythema. There was no significant difference between age groups in terms of symptoms, findings, clinical picture, history of contact, and clinical course (p > 0.001 for each). Abnormal findings were observed in seven (8.6%) patients on chest X-ray, and in four patients (4.9%) on thorax computed tomography. Only three of the patients were hospitalized and all of them discharged with healing. Conclusion The present study is the most comprehensive study on children diagnosed with COVID-19 in our country, which showed that the COVID-19 picture was mild in pediatric patients, but the signs and symptoms in children were not specific to the disease. Our findings also showed that the rate of asymptomatic infection in children was high and that it was difficult to recognize COVID-19 in children.

S257 – Complications in Pediatric Adenoidectomy

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P161-P161
Author(s):  
Michele M Carr ◽  
Pesek Sarah
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Late Complication ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Prolonged Hospital Stay ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Prolonged Hospital

Objectives 1) To determine the rate of complication following adenoidectomy without tonsillectomy. 2) To determine how the rate of complication varies between pediatric patients under 36 months of age and those from 37 months to 17 years. Methods The charts of 253 patients ages 6 months to 17 years who underwent adenoidectomy without associated tonsillectomy between July 2003 and January 2007 at the Hershey Medical Center were reviewed for any complication following the procedure. Comparison was made between the group under 36 months of age and the group older than 36 months. Results At least 1 complication was encountered in 24.9% of the patients. However, complications requiring extra attention such as a prolonged hospital stay or visit to the emergency department affected only 6.32% of the patients. The most common intra-operative complications was lip abrasion, the most common early post-operative one was fever, and the most common late complication was a diagnosis of otitis media. No statistically significant difference in the rates of complications was seen between patients under 36 months of age vs. those over. Conclusions Though the rate of complications due to adenoidectomy is fairly high, the rate of more serious complications is low. There is no statistically significant difference in rate of complication between the age groups studied.

scholarly journals Quality of Life and Clinical Assessment of Joint Health in Children with Hemophilic Arthropathy

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 4972-4972
Author(s):  
Hoda M Hassab ◽  
Hayam Abdel Ghany ◽  
Hany Rizk
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Hemophilic Arthropathy ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Joint Health

Abstract Hemophilic arthropathy results in pain, deformity, and disability with severe impairments, activity limitation, and thus productivity loss. Also patterns of treatment interfere with patients' life, so quality of life should be assessed when evaluating treatment. The aim of this work was to assess the quality of life of children with hemophilic arthropathy and its relation to clinical joint health if any. The study was carried out on fifty boys aged 4 to 16 years, with hemophilic arthropathy. All patients were subjected to thorough local clinical assessment of the most affected and/or target joint using Haemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS 2.1), assessment of quality of life using Haemo-Qol questionnaire kids' and parents' versions for three age groups: Group I: 4-7 years (21 items covering 8 dimensions), Group II: 8-12 years (64 items covering 10 dimensions), Group III: 13-16 years (77 items covering 12 dimensions) and complete blood count measurement. Among the fifty hemophilic patients, 36 (72%) patients were hemophilia A and 14 (28 %) patients were hemophilia B. All patients were receiving on demand replacement therapy using plasma derived Factor concentrate or fresh frozen plasma (FFP) according to availability. The age at first joint bleeding ranged from 1-8 years with a mean of 2.40±1.78. While the number of joints affected in the studied patients ranged from 2-13 joints with a mean of 7±3.25, and the most common target joint being the knee (72%), followed by the ankle (10%) and then the elbow (4%). Twenty three patients (46%) had severe, and 27 (54 %) had moderate hemophilia. The results of the present study showed that there was significant difference between moderate and severe hemophilic patients as regards age of onset of joint bleeding (z = -2.747, p = 0.006) and number of joints affected (t = -3.855, p < 0.001). There was statistical significant difference between the three studied age groups as regards HJHS (F= 9.843, P< 0.001), and Global gait score (F= 8.939, P<0.001). However there was no significant difference between the studied age groups as regards Kid and Parent Haemo-QOL scores (P=0.234 and 0.273 respectively). Forty four (88%) patients had different degrees of anemia. There was significant correlation between kid Haemo-QOL with degree of anemia (r = 0.291, p = 0.040), mainly with view and school dimensions. There were significant correlations between kid and parent Haemo-QOL and HJHS with each of the following: factor activity level, duration of the disease, duration of joint disease, number of bleeding attacks last year and number of joints affected. Five (10%) of the studied patients did synovectomy. The Haemo-QOL score was statistically significantly lower after the intervention (p=0.043) mainly with physical health, feeling, view, family, school and sports, treatment and dealing dimensions. In the current study there were significant positive correlations between kid and parent Haemo-QOL with global gait (r = 0.671, p <0.001 for kid and r = 0.656 p <0.001 for parents) and HJHS scores (r = 0.620, p <0.001 for kid and r = 0.630, p <0.001 for parents). Several factors affect the quality of life in patients with hemophilic arthropathy including synovectomy, anemia ,mode of treatment and joint health. Table Table. Figure Figure. Disclosures Hassab: Eli Lilly and Company: Research Funding.

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