scholarly journals Oxidative stress and neurobehavioural changes in rats following copper exposure and their response to MiADMSA and d-penicillamine

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 239784731984478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaheen Quamar ◽  
Jayant Kumar ◽  
Awanish Mishra ◽  
SJS Flora
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Copper Exposure ◽  
Muscle Coordination ◽  
Contextual Fear ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

An increase in copper concentration in body may lead to hepatolenticular degeneration which is considered as one clinical feature of Wilson’s disease. Chelation therapy using d-penicillamine is the preferred medical treatment for reducing the toxic effects of copper. However, a few shortcomings associated with d-penicillamine led us to search of an alternative antidote for copper toxicity. Monoisoamyl-2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (MiADMSA), a potent arsenic chelator under clinical trial, has been reported to reduce system copper level. Thus, the present study was envisaged to explore the ameliorative effect of MiADMSA against copper toxicity. Copper pre-exposed animals (CuSO4.5H2O; 100 mg/kg; p.o., for 6 weeks) were segregated in different groups and were administered equimolar dose (0.3 mEq/kg/day; p.o.) of d-penicillamine and MiADMSA for 5 days. The effect of different treatments on spontaneous locomotor activity, muscle coordination, depression like behaviour and contextual fear memory was analysed using neurobehavioural battery test. Biochemical variables related to oxidative stress, zinc and copper concentration were determined in liver, kidney and brain. The results suggested that copper exposure led to oxidative stress in liver, kidney and blood, along with moderate effects in brain. Treatment with d-penicillamine and MiADMSA reduced liver copper load. MiADMSA produced more pronounced beneficial effect compared to d-penicillamine by increasing brain GPx activity. Our study suggests that MiADMSA might be equally effective as d-penicillamine in depleting body copper load. More detailed studies using different doses are required to suggest whether MiADMSA could be an alternative for d-penicillamine in reducing oxidative injury, neurobehavioural changes and depleting body copper burden.

scholarly journals Copper Toxicity and Prediction Models of Copper Content in Leafy Vegetables

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiou ◽  
Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Copper Accumulation ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Water Spinach

Copper (Cu), a toxic metal pollution found in the soil and water of industrialized areas, causes continuous issues for agriculture product contamination and human health hazards. However, information on copper phytotoxicity and its accumulation in vegetables is largely unknown. To evaluate the related agricultural loss and health risks, it is necessary to assess copper phytotoxicity and develop prediction models for copper concentration in vegetables. Here, we assess the growth performance and copper concentration of four leafy vegetables: Water spinach, amaranth, pakchoi, and garland chrysanthemum in copper-contaminated soil. The plant’s height and fresh weight is dramatically reduced when the soil copper concentration is over ~250 mg·kg−1. This yield reduction and copper accumulation are associated with an increase of soil copper concentration, suggesting high copper phytotoxicity levels in plants and soil. The prediction models of plant copper concentration were developed using multiple regressions based on one-step extractions of the soil copper as independent variables. One prediction model derived for amaranth copper using hydrochloric acid (HCl)-extractable and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-extractable copper from soil is able to describe 78.89% of the variance in the measured copper. As a result, the phytotoxic copper level for four leafy vegetables is revealed. Although the prediction models may not be universal, the predicted and phytotoxic copper levels are useful tools for evaluating vegetable yield and daily copper intake.

Effect of ionophores on the accumulation of copper in the livers of sheep

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. J. van Ryssen ◽  
P. R. Barrowman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Liver Size ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Toxicity Threshold ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACTLambs were allocated to three treatments: control (C), monensin (M) and lasalocid sodium (L) in a concentrate diet containing 36 mg copper per kg food. After 2 months deaths from copper toxicity occurred and the trial was terminated. All lambs were slaughtered. The mean liver copper concentration (mg/kg dry matter) of 1907 in the M treatment was higher than the mean concentrations of 1342 and 1229 in the C and L groups respectively (P < 0·01). Total liver copper was 234, 260 and 230 mg and the retention of dietary copper in the liver was 93·5, 108·5 and 93·3 g/kg for the C, M and L treatments respectively. These differences were not significant. From reduced liver size (as a proportion of body weight) and high copper levels in the kidneys, it was concluded that the group given monensin had accumulated copper to a level closer to the toxicity threshold than the other two groups.

The effect of breed of sire on the accumulation of copper in lambs, with particular reference to copper toxicity

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Woolliams ◽  
N. F. Suttle ◽  
G. Wiener ◽  
A. C. Field ◽  
Carol Woolliams
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Copper Toxicity ◽  
Total Liver ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Aspartate Amino Transferase ◽  
Breed Crosses ◽  
Copper Poisoning

ABSTRACTLambs, 9 weeks of age, the offspring of sires of the Scottish Blackface, East Friesland, Finnish Landrace, Suffolk and Texel breeds mated to Scottish Blackface females, as a common maternal breed, were given diets containing 12 or 20 mg copper per kg dry matter for 13 weeks. Concentrations of liver copper and of copper and aspartate amino-transferase in the plasma were measured regularly, and the concentrations of copper in the kidney, mandible and cheek muscle were also measured terminally. Livers were examined for histological symptoms of copper toxicity.Wide breed variation was apparent in liver copper concentration after 6 weeks and in plasma aspartate aminotransferase concentration after 9 weeks. At slaughter, total liver copper and kidney copper concentration showed significant breed variation. For all traits, the Texel-cross lambs had the highest concentrations, followed by the Suffolk crosses, and the Blackface had the lowest. The proportion of ingested copper retained in the liver of the Texel-cross lambs was twice that of the Blackface lambs (0·137 v. 0·056), with the other breed crosses intermediate.There was a significant difference between diets for liver, kidney and mandible copper concentrations, plasma aspartate amino-transferase concentration, and for total liver copper but not for cheek muscle. Both diets produced elevated plasma aspartate amino-transferase concentration and histological symptoms of copper toxicity in the livers of some lambs.The results show large breed differences in the susceptibility to copper poisoning, some breeds being at risk when given diets containing 12mg copper per kg dry matter for long periods. There was no suggestion that breeds differed in resistance to poisoning other than through different retentions of copper consumed

Oxidative Stress Markers and Metal Ions are Correlated With Cognitive Function in Alzheimer’s Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengping Pu ◽  
Wenjie Xu ◽  
Yong Lin ◽  
Jincai He ◽  
Manli Huang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Zinc Level ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Iron Level ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers

We investigated oxidative stress markers and metal ions in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The serum levels of ceruloplasmin (CER), C-reactive protein (CRP), uric acid (UA), homocysteine (Hcy), copper, iron, and zinc were determined in 125 patients with AD (mild, n = 2 8; moderate, n = 42; and severe, n = 55) and 40 healthy control (HC) participants. Compared to HC, CER and UA levels were significantly lower in moderate and severe AD groups, whereas CRP and Hcy levels were significantly higher in the severe AD group. Copper level was significantly higher in moderate and severe AD groups than the other groups. Compared to HC, iron level was significantly higher in patients with AD, whereas zinc level was significantly lower in patients with AD. In patients with AD, the severity of cognitive impairment was positively correlated with CER, UA, and zinc levels, whereas it was negatively correlated with copper level. Taken together, our findings provide a novel approach to assess AD progression.

Ameliorative Effect of Grewia tenax (Forssk) Fiori Fruit Extract on CCl4-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepatotoxicity in Rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. T200-T206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour S. Al-Said ◽  
Ramzi A. Mothana ◽  
Mohammed O. Al-Sohaibani ◽  
Syed Rafatullah
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Grewia Tenax

scholarly journals Comparison of Effects of Different Statins on Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Rats: Histopathological and Biochemical Findings

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-lei Wang ◽  
Tuo Zhang ◽  
Liu-hua Hu ◽  
Shi-qun Sun ◽  
Wei-feng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Atorvastatin Group ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

Statins are a promising new strategy to prevent contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). In this study we compared the ameliorative effect of different statins in a rat model of CI-AKI. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: control group; CI-AKI group; CI-AKI + rosuvastatin group (10 mg/kg/day); CI-AKI + simvastatin group (80 mg/kg/day); and CI-AKI + atorvastatin group (20 mg/kg/day). CI-AKI was induced by dehydration for 72 hours, followed by furosemide intramuscular injection 20 minutes before low-osmolar contrast media (CM) intravenous injection. Statins were administered by oral gavage once daily for 3 consecutive days before CM injection and once 4 hours after CM injection. Rats were sacrificed 24 hours after CM injection, and renal function, kidney histopathology, nitric oxide (NO) metabolites, and markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis were evaluated. The results showed that atorvastatin and rosuvastatin but not simvastatin ameliorated CM-induced serum creatinine elevation and histopathological alterations. Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin showed similar effectiveness against CM-induced oxidative stress, but simvastatin was less effective. Atorvastatin was most effective against NO system dysfunction and cell apoptosis, whereas rosuvastatin was most effective against inflammation. Our findings indicate that statins exhibit differential effects in preventing CI-AKI when given at equivalent lipid-lowering doses.

Conception rate in hill ewes given a multi-trace element/vitamin bolus before mating

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 216-216
Author(s):  
R.G. Hemingway ◽  
J.J. Parkins ◽  
N.S. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Trace Element ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Single Element ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
Foetal Mortality ◽  
Veterinary Surgeon ◽  
Total Life

Conception rate in ewes, mainly by reduction in early foetal mortality, have been improved by a range of individual supplementary trace elements (especially Se, but also Cu, Co, Mn and Zn) given prior to mating (Hidiroglou, 1979). Ritchie et al. (1997) has described significant improvements in liver copper concentration and blood glutathione peroxidase activity (GSHPx) in ewes given a single sustained-release multi-trace element and vitamin bolus which incorporates a grinder (‘Small-Trace’, Agrimin Ltd., Brigg DN20 0SP). This communication describes studies in the conception rate of ewes given this bolus at three grazing sites. Each flock was judged by the veterinary surgeon concerned to require routine trace element supplementation and which had previously been given by various combinations of injections, drenches, single element boluses and/or copper oxide needles.Each bolus contained 5.3g Cu, 50mg Se, 90mg Co, lOOmg I, 4.7g Zn and 3.3g Mn with (iu) 268 x 103 vitamin A, 54 x 103 vitamin D and 800 vitamin E. About one-half of each nutrient is released in the first 6-8 weeks; thereafter the rate slows and the total life of the bolus is c. 7 months. (Ritchie et al. 1997).

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