scholarly journals Toward the commoning of governance

2021 ◽  
pp. 239965442110339
Author(s):  
Stephen Leitheiser ◽  
Elen-Maarja Trell ◽  
Ina Horlings ◽  
Alex Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Radical Democracy ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Ecological Relationships ◽  
Current State ◽  
Food Policy Councils ◽  
Democratic Imaginary ◽  
Market Solutions ◽  
German Food

Conventional political thought and practice continue to be stifled by a dilemma of choosing between the ideal imaginaries of State and/or Market solutions. Widely presupposed as the only valid possibilities in both theory and practice, this stale dilemma covers up a real multitude of actually existing alternative approaches to governance practiced in civil society. State/Market approaches are identical in the way that they construct a ‘spectator’ role for communities, who are left to choose between their preferred set of rules and norms developed elsewhere. The concept of commoning governance offers an opportunity to break free of this stalemate. It creates a new role for citizens and their communities as ‘sparring partners’; who although they operate within the limits of current State/Market institutions, create new norms and rules against and beyond them. In the paper, we first expand on our understanding of commoning governance: re-designing governance arrangements to serve the common good. That is here understood in terms of (radical) democracy, solidarity and sustainable ecological relationships. Second, we illustrate how commoning efforts on the ground contribute to the reclaiming of the democratic imaginary as a political arena by zooming in to a case study of the three cities involved in civic-led network of German Food Policy Councils. Finally, we reflect on the empirical barriers that communities of commoning endure, and call on policymakers, planners and scholars to interrogate their own normative understandings of citizenship and democracy, and begin to recognize theoretical and latent possibilities by enabling commoning with new or re-designed institutions of governance.

scholarly journals Empowering People—Democratising the Food System? Exploring the Democratic Potential of Food-Related Empowerment Forms

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 105-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basil Bornemann ◽  
Sabine Weiland
Keyword(s):  
Food System ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Health Food ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Food Policy Councils ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Government Education ◽  
Central Claim

The current food system, characterised by considerable concentrations of economic and political power, is widely regarded as undemocratic and in many respects unsustainable in its outcomes. To address the democratic deficits in the food system, empowerment has become a central claim and point of reference for actors seeking to transform the system. In fact, numerous venues and practices have emerged in recent years to develop people’s capacities to engage with food issues. These range from local food initiatives and health-food movements to food policy councils and government education policies. This article takes a closer look at the theory and practice of democratic empowerment in the food system. It explores whether and how different forms of food-related empowerment have the potential to improve the democratic quality of the food system. Based on a broad analytical understanding of empowerment that is combined with a notion of power-based complex democracy, it is argued that different forms of food-related empowerment promote the development of different types of power, which in turn are constitutive for different functions of the democratic process. From this perspective, the challenge of democratising the food system lies in linking different complementary empowerment practices into functioning configurations of complex democratic governance.

ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕНИЕ МОШЕННИЧЕСТВ, СОВЕРШАЕМЫХ ОСУЖДЕННЫМИ, СОДЕРЖАЩИМИСЯ В ИСПРАВИТЕЛЬНЫХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ, С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ СРЕДСТВ МОБИЛЬНОЙ СВЯЗИ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПУТИ ИХ РЕШЕНИЯ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Gryazeva
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Crime Statistics ◽  
Correctional Institutions ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Current State ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Executive System

В статье изложен обзор современного состояния теории и практики предупреждения мошенничеств, совершаемых осужденными с помощью средств мобильной связи из учреждений уголовно-исполнительной системы России. Исследованы и оценены изменения законодательства, регулирующего рассматриваемую сферу правоотношений, предложения ученых относительно повышения эффективности борьбы с указанным видом мошенничеств, практические материалы. Обозначена проблема, связанная с отсутствием в данных официальной статистики о состоянии преступности в России сведений о количестве мошенничеств, совершаемых осужденными с помощью средств мобильной связи, что бывает необходимо для проведения научных и прикладных исследований, выработки мер по предупреждению и оценки их эффективности в борьбе с анализируемым противоправным деянием. Сформулированы рекомендации, направленные на повышение эффективности предупреждения «телефонных» мошенничеств, совершаемых осужденными в период отбывания наказания в исправительных учреждениях, в частности предложение правового характера, регулирующее сферу индивидуальной профилактики правонарушений, совершаемых осужденными, и предложение в области статистического учета преступлений и отчетности.The article presents an overview of the current state of the theory and practice of fraud prevention committed by convicts using mobile communications from institutions of the criminal Executive system of Russia. The changes in the legislation regulating the sphere of legal relations, the proposals of scientists on improving the effectiveness of combating this type of fraud, practical materials are studied and evaluated. There is a problem related to the lack of information in the official statistics on the state of crime in Russia on the number of frauds committed by convicts by means of mobile communication, which is necessary for scientific and applied research, the development of measures to prevent and assess their effectiveness in combating the illegal act in question. Recommendations have been made to improve the prevention of «telephone» fraud committed by convicted persons while serving their sentences in correctional institutions, in particular a legal proposal regulating the scope of individual prevention of offences committed by convicted persons and a proposal in the field of crime statistics and reporting.

scholarly journals Associations between Food Policy Councils and Policies That Support Healthy Food Access: A National Survey of Community Policy Supports

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Samantha J. Lange ◽  
Larissa Calancie ◽  
Stephen J. Onufrak ◽  
Katherine T. Reddy ◽  
Anne Palmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Survey ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Farmers Markets ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Policy Councils ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Healthy Food Access

Food policy councils (FPCs) are one form of community coalition that aims to address challenges to local food systems and enhance availability, accessibility, and affordability of healthy foods for local residents. We used data from the 2014 National Survey of Community-Based Policy and Environmental Supports for Healthy Eating and Active Living, a nationally representative survey of US municipalities (n = 2029), to examine the prevalence of FPCs and cross-sectional associations between FPCs and four types of supports for healthy food access (approaches to help food stores, practices to support farmers markets, transportation-related supports, and community planning documents). Overall, 7.7% of municipalities reported having a local or regional FPC. FPCs were more commonly reported among larger municipalities with ≥50,000 people (29.2%, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 21.6, 36.8) and western region municipalities (13.2%, 95% CI: 9.6, 16.8). After multivariable adjustment, municipalities with FPCs had significantly higher odds of having all four types of supports, compared to those without FPCs (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) range: 2.4–3.4). Among municipalities with FPCs (n = 156), 41% reported having a local government employee or elected official as a member, and 46% had a designated health or public health representative. Although FPCs were uncommon, municipalities that reported having a local or regional FPC were more likely to report having supports for healthy food access for their residents.

scholarly journals Agroecology in Canada: Towards an Integration of Agroecological Practice, Movement, and Science

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marney Isaac ◽  
S. Isakson ◽  
Bryan Dale ◽  
Charles Levkoe ◽  
Sarah Hargreaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Current State ◽  
Ecological Problems

This article surveys the current state of agroecology in Canada, giving particular attention to agroecological practices, the related social movements, and the achievements of agroecological science. In each of these realms, we find that agroecology emerges as a response to the various social and ecological problems associated with the prevailing industrial model of agricultural production that has long been promoted in the country under settler colonialism. Although the prevalence and prominence of agroecology is growing in Canada, its presence is still small and the support for its development is limited. We provide recommendations to achieve a more meaningful integration of agroecology in Canadian food policy and practice.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROBLEMS OF OPERATIONAL AND EXPLORATORY DOCUMENTATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 408-416
Author(s):  
А. А. Саковський
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Current State ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
National Police

The relevance of the article is that the Constitution of Ukraine stipulates that a person, his life and health, honor and dignity, inviolability and security are recognized in our state as the highest social value. The activity of law enforcement bodies and judicial authorities in the state is aimed at ensuring the implementation of this provision of the Basic Law of Ukraine. Protection of the rights and legitimate interests of individuals and legal entities is one of the tasks of criminal proceedings which is achieved through the implementation of others - by prompt and full disclosure of crimes, exposing the perpetrators and ensuring the proper application of the Law. The purpose of the article is to determine the current state of scientific developments of operational and investigative documentation in the process of combating crime by units of the National Police of Ukraine. The state of scientific development of problems of operative-search documentation by generalization and systematization of results of monographic works of domestic and foreign scientists, and also scientific researches on the researched subjects, stated in manuals, methodical recommendations, lectures and scientific articles of different historical periods is analyzed. For in-depth study of these issues, the chronological principle of presentation of the material was chosen, which provides an opportunity to highlight the defining ideas and views of the formation of modern operational and investigative documentation. It was found that today, in the legal literature and practice, along with the term "operational documentation" has become widespread concept of "operational and technical documentation" of criminal offenses, as these terms are used not only in forensic, operational and investigative, but also other aspects , where they have different meanings, although identical in meaning, which is the need to ensure compliance of the process of operational and technical documentation of criminal offenses with the requirements of applicable regulations governing the admissibility, procedure and conditions of its implementation. It is stated that the study indicates the need and relevance for modern theory and practice of ORD conducting at the monographic level of a comprehensive study of theoretical, legal and organizational and tactical principles of operational and investigative documentation in the fight against crime by the National Police of Ukraine.

scholarly journals Battlefield praxis: The alliance of realism and constructivism and the “fall” of liberal internationalism

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 262-282
Author(s):  
Vladimir Ajzenhamer
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Precise Determination ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Liberal Internationalism ◽  
Current State ◽  
Disciplinary Field ◽  
Political Praxis

The Great Debates are an important stage in the development of International Relations (IR) as a science. However, the ?exactness? of its chronology and content, as well as the precise determination of the actors and results, is questionable on several grounds. Therefore, relying on this, often contradictory, interpretations of the outcome of the Great Debates, little can be said about the current state of the mentioned theoretical dialogue. Today, IR scholars mostly discuss abandoning the idea of macro theory and the pluralistic silence in which medium-scale theories resonate in peace. However, this "diagnosis" still does not give us an answer to the question of who really won the fight of so-called big theories, or which theoretical paradigm today has the greatest influence within the disciplinary field? Applying the idea of reflexivity between the theory of international relations and the practice of foreign policy, the author of this paper rejects the restrictions of the mythos of the discipline (at the center of which is the myth of the Great Debates) and turns to the analysis of international political praxis as an instrument for the identification of the mentioned theoretical impact. At the center of the analysis are the foreign policy principles of the United States, which the author reviews in a hundred-year time interval, in particular emphasizing the doctrine of Wilsonianism and the principles of foreign policy advocated by the current US President Donald Tramp. Facing Wilsonianism and Trampism (determining, in turn, the latter as a realistic-constructivist Anti-Wilsonian coalition), the author offers his view of the current state of paradigmatic ?clashes? in the theory and practice of international relations.

scholarly journals Learning from Leibniz: Navigating the Twin Labyrinths of Academia and Practice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank H. Weiner ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Word Knowledge ◽  
Conference Theme ◽  
Divine Justice ◽  
Back Ground ◽  
Frame Work ◽  
The Common ◽  
Final Causes ◽  
Good And Evil

This essay is prompted by a single phrase embedded in the call for papers – “…the best of all available knowledge…” It would be easy to overlook the significance of this brief extracted fragment by taking for granted we know and understand what is indeed the best in the context of the education of an architect. Within the overall frame-work of the conference such considerations could be seen as offering a relevant dialectical antithesis to the main thesis of the conference. It is important to consider how questions of the ‘best’ in relation to knowledge have come to be seen by some as being of lesser importance in our conversations about education. If we do not strive for what is the best then we may loose an overall sense of telos or purposiveness in our various endeavors. The best is the highest good (both in theory and practice). So the best is at least a double condition rather than a singular condition. In Aristotle’s Eudemian Ethics there are no less than three philosophical meanings of the word “best”. First there is best as the Idea of the good (here Idea in a Platonic sense and the good are synonymous), secondly the best as the common good and thirdly the best in a practical sense. There is then a noble best and a practical best.The viability of the conference theme on “The Practice of Teaching and the Teaching of Practice: The Teacher’s Hunch” may actually rely upon establishing a foundation for determining what the best of all available knowledge consists of towards our common pursuits. Here one might propose the word ‘available’ be replaced by the word ‘possible’ so the fragment would now read – the best of all possible knowledge. The distinction between availability and possibility although seemingly minor becomes a crucial one. Availability has to do with use and acquisition in the sense that something or someone is either available or is not available. The notion of availability lacks the gravitas of possibility that can lead to actuality. With the idea of possibility emerges the transcendental question of the freedom for good and evil adjudicated under a form of divine justice. Invoking possibility over availability is an acknowledgment of the perennial importance of the ancient Aristotelian dyad of potency/act in the deeper back-ground of our theories and practices. In a world of crass availabilities, “need is so many bananas”. In what follows the word “knowledge” is understood in Aristotelian sense of the fourfold of causation giving us the possibility to bring forth what we know, what Heidegger poeticized as modes of occasioning – the material, formal, efficient and final causes.

Two regimes of the symbolic: radical democracy between Romanticism and structuralism

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Warren Breckman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Democratic Theory ◽  
Radical Democracy ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
German Romanticism ◽  
Linguistic Turn ◽  
Ernesto Laclau ◽  
Constructed Dialogue ◽  
History Of

The ‘symbolic’ has found its way into the heart of contemporary radical democratic theory. When one encounters this term in major theorists such as Ernesto Laclau and Slavoj Žižek, our first impulse is to trace its genealogy to the offspring of the linguistic turn, structuralism and poststructuralism. This paper seeks to expose the deeper history of the symbolic in the legacy of Romanticism. It argues that crucial to the concept of the symbolic is a polyvalence that was first theorized in German Romanticism. The linguistic turn that so marked the twentieth century tended to suppress this polyvalence, but it has returned as a crucial dimension of contemporary radical political theory and practice. At stake is more than a recovery of historical depth. Through a constructed dialogue between Romanticism and the thought of both Žižek and Laclau, the paper seeks to provide a sharper appreciation of the resources of the concept of the symbolic.

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