Prison gangs in Iran: Between violence and safety

Incarceration ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 263266632110052
Author(s):  
Nahid Rahimipour Anaraki
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Correctional Officers ◽  
Gang Membership ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Prison Gangs ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Theoretical Sampling ◽  
Gang Affiliation

This article aims to bridge the gap in our knowledge about Iranian prisons and the sociodynamic relations that animate them by illuminating the characteristics and activities of prison gangs in Iran. The interaction between gang affiliation and drug networks, security and violence will be discussed in detail. The in-depth qualitative research, which is informed by grounded theory, serves as the first academic study of gangs in Iranian prisons. Research participants included 38 males and 52 females aged 10–65 years. They were recruited in several different settings, both governmental and non-governmental organizations. The study employed theoretical sampling and in-depth, semi-structured interviewing. Results show that gang-affiliated inmates in Iranian prisons gain monopoly over the drugs market inside prison networks, which leads to inevitable extortion of both prisoners and correctional officers. Gang affiliation blurs the lines between violence and safety, while providing a sense of identity, belonging and financial and emotional support. Prison gang membership also offers some benefits to prisoners and staff, as their existence underpins an informal social order that can be used to govern prisoners. The article discusses this less well-known and unexplored dimension of the topic.

Exploring the Political Dynamics of Non-Governmental Organizations and the State in Trinidad and Tobago From a Postinternational Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-39
Author(s):  
Dana-Marie Ramjit
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Political Dynamics ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations

Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and the state contribute considerably to the unique state of Caribbean politics, yet their relationship is turbulent, which prevents effective policymaking. Specifically, the problem this study addressed is the turbulent relationship between NGOs and the state in Trinidad and Tobago from a postinternational framework. The purpose of this research was to provide an explanation of the NGO-state relationship through the postinternational concepts of turbulence and distant proximities using a qualitative research approach.

scholarly journals UPAYA PERUSAHAAN PEMBIAYAAN NON BANK DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN USAHA MIKRO, KECIL DAN MENENGAH (STUDI DESKRIPTIF PEMBERIAN DAN PENGEMBALIAN KREDIT OLEH PT “X”)

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Syahrizal ◽  
Sari Viciawati Machdum
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Minimalist Approach ◽  
Credit Financing ◽  
A Company ◽  
Micro Enterprises

<br /><table class="data" width="100%"><tbody><tr valign="top"><td class="value"><p>Entrepreneurship basically is not an easy matter. Despite of the challenges, organizations of both government and non-governmental organizations have developed entrepreneurial development activities. As a non-governmental organization, profit-oriented PT “X” also plays a role in the process of entrepreneurship development by undertaking financing activities to micro enterprises. This article describes the efforts of PT “X” as a Non-Bank Company that implements the implementation of credit loan and return in UMKM. Based on qualitative research, the research result showed that PT “X” as a company has potential because it can give positive contribution to the development of UMKM in Indonesia. However, in its implementation, PT “X” still used a minimalist approach. The micro and capital goods financing activities that have been partially and have not been integrated continuously in rolling out micro credit financing program for UMKM. It coused many contradictions between the financing that is carried out by the company with community assistance efforts that should be done in the process of developing UMKM.</p></td></tr></tbody></table>

scholarly journals AS ORGANIZAÇÕES NÃO GOVERNAMENTAIS E O PROGRAMA CISTERNAS EM BARREIRA (CE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Victória de Sousa XAVIER (UNILAB) ◽  
Andrea Yumi Sugishita KANIKADAN (UNILAB)
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Rural Region ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Survey Results

O presente trabalho propõe-se a estudar o Programa de Cisternas, implementado na região rural do município de Barreira (CE), uma vez que o acesso à água é um tema frequentemente discutido na comunidade. Na região, os problemas acerca do abastecimento de água são diversos, principalmente para as comunidades mais afastadas do centro da cidade. Trata-se de identificar em que medida a população-alvo foi beneficiada pelo programa, cuja iniciativa pertence a duas organizações não governamentais atuantes no local, uma nacional e a outra internacional. Utilizou-se a pesquisa qualitativa, com técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, além da aplicação de entrevistas às famílias participantes do programa. Os resultados da pesquisa, mostram que o programa trouxe melhorias, tais como a facilidade e garantia no acesso à água, porém suscita questões muito mais profundas e complexas relacionadas à aspectos financeiros, de gênero, políticos e de desenvolvimento local.Palavras-chave: Terceiro setor. Organizações não governamentais. Programa de Cisternas. NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS AND THE CISTERNAL PROGRAM IN BARREIRA (CE)Abstract: This study aims to analyze the Cisterns Program, implemented in the rural region of the Barreira city (CE). The access to water is a topic frequently discussed in the community. In the region, water supply problems are diverse, especially for communities located far away from downtown. It intends to identify the extent to which the target population was benefited by the program, whose initiative belongs to two non-governmental organizations operating on the location, a national and an international ones. It was conducted a qualitative research, with bibliographic and documentary research techniques, in addition to the application of interviews to families attending the program. The survey results show that the program has brought improvements, such as ease and guarantee access to water supply, but it raises much deeper and more complex issues related to financial, gender, political and local development aspects. Keywords: Third sector. Non-governmental organizations. Cisterns Program 

scholarly journals INTERACTION BETWEEN FAMILIES OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS AND SUPPORT SYSTEM : PARENTAL PERSPECTIVE

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Dina Bethere ◽  
Linda Pavitola
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Special Needs ◽  
Support System ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Children With Special Needs ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Collaborative Strategies

The study analyses the effectiveness of interaction between parents, who bring up children with special needs and the support system. According to the state defined standards and cognitions of scientific research, activities of the support system are considered as qualitative only if they satisfy parents` individual needs of receiving support. The article reflects qualitative research, where parents have naturally been delegated the functions of experts. The results of the study verify the necessity to improve collaborative strategies, employing non-governmental organizations as a resource for promoting collaboration between parents of children with special needs, educational and support institutions.

scholarly journals PANDANGAN FORUM KERUKUNAN UMAT BERAGAMA MENGENAI MAKNA TOLERANSI ANTARUMAT BERAGAMA DI JAWA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Latifah Latifah ◽  
Achwan Noorlistyo Adi ◽  
Adila Afifah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Interfaith Dialogue ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
West Java ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
Life Philosophy

This study aims to analyse how West Java FKUB (Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama)’s view on the meaning of tolerance relates to intolerance issue in West Java. The coverage on intolerance issue in mass media, escpecially about church construction that occurred in West Java becomes wide concern. The observations of non-governmental organizations in recent years showed West Java as the most intolerant province based on the increasing complaints of citizens related to intolerance. This research is qualitative research using case study method. In analysing the case, the researcher used interactionism symbolic theory. The results of this research found that West Java is one of the Provinces in Indonesia which has tolerant life philosophy and pious muslims in practicing Islamic religion. FKUB has an important role to solve the problems related to issues and cases of intolerance in West Java as a forum for interfaith dialogue.

scholarly journals Negotiating Organizational Access as a Multifaceted Process: Comparative Research Experiences With Three Advocacy NGOs in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 160940692110125
Author(s):  
Tara Saharan ◽  
Maaike Matelski ◽  
Emmanuel Kumi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Organizational Characteristics ◽  
Research Experiences ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Set Up

Although research with Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) has become an established practice, the process and politics of gaining access to such organizations often remains implicit in methodological literature on qualitative research. Drawing on a systematic comparison of research experiences with advocacy NGOs in Kenya, this article discusses organizational access as a multifaceted process. Based on three case studies that were comparable in set-up and context but yielded different outcomes, we argue that the process of obtaining and maintaining access to NGOs is influenced and shaped by researcher positionality, internal and external gatekeepers, organizational characteristics and research topic, and that these factors should be studied in interaction rather than in isolation. Taken together, these factors determine the process of obtaining and maintaining research access, and consequently the outcome of ethnographic fieldwork with NGOs.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Power of the Civil Society: an empirical study of Brazilian professionals working in the NGOs

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júnia Fátima do Carmo Guerra ◽  
Armindo dos Santos de Sousa Teodosio ◽  
Walter Mswaka
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Social Practice ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Structure And Agency ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Power And Influence ◽  
The Way

This study critically analyses the way Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) operate in Brazil and their contribution to the development of the Brazilian civil society. The notion of "power fields" and "habitus", proposed by Bourdieu (1989; 1996), provides the theoretical backdrop to our discussions. This focusses largely on the recursive connection between structure and agency which resonates with the work of Fligstein (2006). This study seeks to critically analyse the learning and social practice developed by professionals in NGOs in their daily activities. This study is based on qualitative research and the results indicated that the knowledge produced by Brazilian NGOs, through the recursive connection between the agents of the fields and the structures underpinning them, contributes to the expansion and transformation of the field in which they operate. This perspective shows that the knowledge generated by this NGOs give them a certain level of power and influence in the Brazilian civil society.

scholarly journals ADULT EDUCATION AS A STRATEGY FOR "GROWING UP" DEMOCRACY: THE EXPERIENCE OF GERMANY

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Savelʹyev ◽  
Olena Yatsenko
Keyword(s):  
Adult Education ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
European Culture ◽  
European Values ◽  
Globalized World

The range of educational services is really wide. The main reasons and goals of people's universities are as follows: the formation of knowledge, the formation of beliefs, the formation of will, the formation of man. Its motivation is a return to rationalism in everyday life and "concern" for the irrational. The establishment of adult education centers is an opportunity to promote democracy. Such education forms an awareness of the political, social and cultural that can serve as the basis for a true revival of European values. The modern globalized world needs a democratic education that is not limited to national borders and the national idea. For a commonly desired future, there is a need for a broader, panoramic and forward-looking view of European values and the integrative content of European culture. Adult education centers work with traditional universities, non-governmental organizations, local associations to unite society, unite the community for a fairer and more stable social life. Such centers perform the functions of integration and translation of cultural values, universal values of humankind, teach people to be effective in the unity of diversity: uniting people of different talents, competencies and skills into an effective organism of social order.

scholarly journals A hangversenyrendezés finanszírozása

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Attila Retkes
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
European Union ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Art Market ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
Musical Performance ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Union Local ◽  
Different Sources

The author of the paper has done research and analysis related to musical performance - also to certain fields of theatre and dance performance - since 2005. These examinations were above all focusing on economic (financing) problems of the mentioned areas. After the publishing of the book entitled Zene - Művészet, piac, fogyasztás [Music - Art, market, consumerism] in 2010, he pursues his work as the head manager of the Institute for Cultural Analysis Budapest and as a PhD candidate. The present paper is a presentation of his latest qualitative research which concentrates on the work of concert organizers. Examining different sources and means of financing, he concludes that the governmental budget and the National Cultural Fund continue to be determining in Hungarian concert financing. The recourse to the remaining five financing possibilities - European Union, local governmental sector, non governmental organizations, private sector and families - seems to present serious difficulties for various reasons.

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