Red Blood Cells Inhibit Apoptosis of Human Neutrophils

Blood ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 4006-4010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazutetsu Aoshiba ◽  
Yuri Nakajima ◽  
Shuji Yasui ◽  
Jun Tamaoki ◽  
Atsushi Nagai

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the triggering of apoptosis in neutrophils. Because red blood cells (RBCs) are well known to scavenge oxidants including H2O2, we tested the hypothesis that RBCs inhibit apoptosis of neutrophils by reducing intracellular oxidative stress. Apoptosis of neutrophils was evaluated by light microscopy and DNA gel electrophoresis. We found that coculture with RBCs protected against neutrophil apoptosis. Neither physical contact between RBCs and neutrophils nor the cellular integrity of RBCs was required to protect against neutrophil apoptosis. Neutrophil apoptosis was promoted by exogenous H2O2 but suppressed by catalase, indicating a role for H2O2 as a mediator of apoptosis. The protective effect of RBCs against apoptosis was due to catalase and glutathione metabolism because blocking of these antioxidant systems in RBCs attenuated the protective effect of RBCs. These results suggest that neutrophils are protected against apoptosis in the circulation.

Blood ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 4006-4010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazutetsu Aoshiba ◽  
Yuri Nakajima ◽  
Shuji Yasui ◽  
Jun Tamaoki ◽  
Atsushi Nagai

Abstract Oxidative stress has been implicated in the triggering of apoptosis in neutrophils. Because red blood cells (RBCs) are well known to scavenge oxidants including H2O2, we tested the hypothesis that RBCs inhibit apoptosis of neutrophils by reducing intracellular oxidative stress. Apoptosis of neutrophils was evaluated by light microscopy and DNA gel electrophoresis. We found that coculture with RBCs protected against neutrophil apoptosis. Neither physical contact between RBCs and neutrophils nor the cellular integrity of RBCs was required to protect against neutrophil apoptosis. Neutrophil apoptosis was promoted by exogenous H2O2 but suppressed by catalase, indicating a role for H2O2 as a mediator of apoptosis. The protective effect of RBCs against apoptosis was due to catalase and glutathione metabolism because blocking of these antioxidant systems in RBCs attenuated the protective effect of RBCs. These results suggest that neutrophils are protected against apoptosis in the circulation.


2002 ◽  
Vol 368 (3) ◽  
pp. 761-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svenja MEIERJOHANN ◽  
Rolf D. WALTER ◽  
Sylke MÜLLER

Malaria is one of the most devastating tropical diseases despite the availability of numerous drugs acting against the protozoan parasite Plasmodium in its human host. However, the development of drug resistance renders most of the existing drugs useless. In the malaria parasite the tripeptide glutathione is not only involved in maintaining an adequate intracellular redox environment and protecting the cell against oxidative stress, but it has also been shown that it degrades non-polymerized ferriprotoporphyrin IX (FP IX) and is thus implicated in the development of chloroquine resistance. Glutathione levels in Plasmodium-infected red blood cells are regulated by glutathione synthesis, glutathione reduction and glutathione efflux. Therefore the effects of drugs that interfere with these metabolic processes were studied to establish possible differences in the regulation of the glutathione metabolism of a chloroquine-sensitive and a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodiumfalciparum. Growth inhibition of P. falciparum 3D7 by d,l-buthionine-(S,R)sulphoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS), and by Methylene Blue (MB), an inhibitor of gluta thione reductase (GR), was significantly more pronounced than inhibition of P.falciparum Dd2 growth by these drugs. These results correlate with the higher levels of total glutathione in P. falciparum Dd2. Short-term incubations of Percoll-enriched trophozoite-infected red blood cells in the presence of BSO, MB and N,N1-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea and subsequent determinations of γ-GCS activities, GR activities and glutathione disulphide efflux revealed that maintenance of intracellular glutathione in P. falciparum Dd2 is mainly dependent on glutathione synthesis whereas in P. falciparum 3D7 it is regulated via GR. Generally, P. falciparum Dd2 appears to be able to sustain its intracellular glutathione more efficiently than P. falciparum 3D7. In agreement with these findings is the differential susceptibility to oxidative stress of both parasite strains elicited by the glucose/glucose oxidase system.


Author(s):  
Lucia Olariu ◽  
Alfa Lupea ◽  
Iuliana Chisu ◽  
Camelia Tulcan

There are a lot of literature data concerning the toxicity of cadmium on liver and kidney. The present work is concerning with the investigation of the effect of two plant extracts: Alloe and Allium sativum and an alcoholic Propolis extract on the behavior of the antioxidant systems. There were studied especially the activity of three enzymes: catalase, methaemoglobine reductase and superoxid dismutase consecutive an installed oxidative stress after cadmium administration in single doze. The changes which appear in the protection enzyme's activity are different in the red blood cells and in liver. The natural extracts had a different influence on the enzymes activity. The alcoholic propolis extract was more efficient on catalase and superoxid dismutase activities in comparison with the Allium sativum extract. The last one had an important role in the activity of superoxid dismutase.


Author(s):  
Т.П. Ветлугина ◽  
В.Д. Прокопьева ◽  
Е.В. Плотников ◽  
Е.Г. Ярыгина ◽  
В.Ф. Лебедева ◽  
...  

Введение. Нарушения параметров красной крови при алкоголизме, развитие окислительного стресса с увеличением продуктов окислительной модификации биомолекул обусловливают актуальность поиска защитных средств эритроцитов от токсического воздействия этанола. Перспективными для такого поиска могут быть соли лития, учитывая применение препаратов лития в качестве нормотимиков для лечения расстройств аффективного спектра. Цель исследования - изучение показателей красной крови, факторов окислительного стресса у больных алкоголизмом и оценка защитного потенциала солей лития (аскорбата, сукцината, пирувата, фумарата и карбоната) от токсического действия этанола на эритроциты. Методика. Материалом для исследования служили образцы крови 59 мужчин больных алкоголизмом и 38 здоровых мужчин (контроль). Гематологический анализ крови осуществляли на гематологическом анализаторе Micros 60. В плазме крови определяли показатели окислительного повреждения белков (по уровню карбонилированных белков) и перекисного окисления липидов (по уровню ТБК-реактивных продуктов) спектрофотометрическим методом. Мембранопротекторный эффект солей лития оценивали в опытах in vitro по степени гемолиза эритроцитов при действии этанола в присутствии солей лития в концентрации 1,2 ммоль/л в расчете на ион лития. Результаты. У больных алкоголизмом установлено повышение среднего объема эритроцитов (MCV) и снижение параметров остальных показателей красной крови. Концентрации карбонилированных белков и ТБК-реактивных продуктов в плазме крови пациентов превышали контрольные значения. Соли лития (фумарат, пируват и аскорбат) в 1,5-1,7 раз повышали устойчивость эритроцитов к гемолизу, индуцированному этанолом. Карбонат лития такого эффекта не оказывал. Заключение. У больных алкоголизмом обнаружены существенные повреждения эритроцитов и макромолекул плазмы крови. Фумарат, пируват и аскорбат лития демонстрировали высокий мембранопротекторный эффект, повышая устойчивость эритроцитов к токсическому действию этанола. Данные соли лития расширяют арсенал мембранопротекторных соединений, что в сочетании с нормотимическим действием лития позволяет использовать их для разработки импортозамещающих лекарственных средств лечения расстройств аффективного спектра. Introduction. In alcoholism, red blood variables are altered, and oxidative stress, along with an increase in the oxidative modification of biomolecules products, occurs. These effects have stimulated the search for agents to protect red blood cells against the toxic effects of ethanol. Lithium salts may be promising in this regard, since lithium preparations are used as normothymics for treating affective spectrum disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate red blood indexes, factors of oxidative stress in patients with alcoholism and to assess the protective potential of the lithium salts, ascorbate, succinate, pyruvate, fumarate and carbonate, against the toxic effect of ethanol on red blood cells. Methods. Blood samples were collected from 59 alcoholic men and 38 healthy men. Hematological analysis was performed with a Micros 60 hematological analyzer. In plasma, oxidative damage of proteins was determined by the amount of carbonylated proteins (CP), and lipid peroxidation was determined by the amount of TBA-reactive substances (TBARS), as measured spectrophotometrically. The membrane-protective effect of lithium salts was evaluated in vitro by the degree of hemolysis of red blood cells treated with ethanol in the presence of lithium salts at a concentration of 1.2 mmol/l lithium ion. Results. In alcoholic patients, compared with normal patients, an increase in the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and a decrease in all other red cell variables were found. Concentrations of CP and TBARS in plasma exceeded normal values. The lithium salts, fumarate, pyruvate, and ascorbate, elevated the resistance of red blood cells to ethanol-induced hemolysis by 1.5-1.7 times. Lithium carbonate had no effect. Conclusion. Significant damage to red blood cells and plasma macromolecules was found in alcoholic patients. Lithium fumarate, pyruvate and ascorbate had a large membrane-protective effect. Thus, these salts increased the resistance of red blood cells to the toxic effects of ethanol. These salts expand the arsenal of membrane-protective compounds, which in combination with the normothymic effect of lithium, will allow them to be used in developing drugs for treatment of affective spectrum disorders.


Author(s):  
Rodney C. Daniels ◽  
Hyesun Jun ◽  
Robertson D. Davenport ◽  
Maryanne M. Collinson ◽  
Kevin R. Ward

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 253-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Soledad Bustos ◽  
Romina Deza-Ponzio ◽  
Paulina Laura Páez ◽  
Ines Albesa ◽  
José Luis Cabrera ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Prokic ◽  
Milica Paunovic ◽  
Milos Matic ◽  
Natasa Djordjevic ◽  
Branka Ognjanovic ◽  
...  

Aspartame (ASP) is one of the most widely used nonnutritive sweeteners. This study investigates the chronic effects of ASP on hematological and biochemical parameters, and its effects on the oxidative/antioxidative status in the red blood cells of Wistar albino rats. Rats were provided with ASP (40 mg/kg/daily for six weeks) in drinking water. Increased food and fluid intake was observed in the ASP-treated rats. Total body mass was significantly decreased in the ASP-treated rats. Treatment with ASP caused an increase in the concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and in the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as well as a decrease in the levels of HDL-cholesterol in the serum. A significant decline in the number of white blood cells (WBC) was observed after ASP uptake. Based on the results we conclude that ASP induces oxidative stress, observed as an alteration of the glutathione redox status, which leads to increased concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxides (LPO) in the red blood cells. Changes in biochemical parameters, lipid metabolism, as well as changes in the levels of oxidative stress markers and the appearance of signs of liver damage indicate that chronic use of ASP can lead to the development of hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia and associated diseases.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney C Daniels ◽  
Hyesun Jun ◽  
Robertson D Davenport ◽  
Maryanne M Collinson ◽  
Kevin R Ward

Abstract Background Stored Red Blood Cells (RBCs) may undergo oxidative stress over time, with functional changes affecting critical tasks such as oxygen delivery. Central to these changes are oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions and the redox potential (RP) that must be maintained for proper cell function. RP imbalance can lead to oxidative stress that may contribute to storage lesions and transfusion-related morbidities. Direct measures of RP may allow for evaluation of erythrocyte quality and enable corrections of RP prior to transfusion. Methods Multiple random RBC segments were tested, ranging in age from 5 to 40 days at 5 day intervals. RP was recorded by measuring open circuit potential of RBCs using novel nanoporous gold electrodes with Ag/AgCl reference. RP measures were also performed on peripheral venous blood samples from 10 healthy volunteers. RP measures were compared between groups of aged RBCs, and with volunteer blood. Results Stored RBCs show time-dependent increases in RP. There were significant differences in Day 5 RP compared to all other groups (p≤0.005), Day 10-15 vs ages ≥ Day 20 (p≤0.025), Day 20-25 vs Day 40 (p=0.039), and all groups compared to healthy volunteers. RP became more positive over time suggesting ongoing oxidation as RBCs age. However, storage time alone does not predict the ultimate RP value measured from a given unit.Conclusions There are significant differences in RP between freshly stored RBCs and all others, with RP becoming more positive over time. However, storage time alone does not predict RP, indicating RP screening may be important independent of storage time and may serve as a marker of RBC quality and state of oxidative stress. RP measurements may also provide a target by which to restore RP balance in aged pRBCs, improving their clinical effectiveness while reducing associated morbidities.


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