scholarly journals Lung function, COPD and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010) in US adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 00927-2020
Author(s):  
Kirstie Ducharme-Smith ◽  
Gustavo Mora-Garcia ◽  
Francisca de Castro Mendes ◽  
Maria Stephany Ruiz-Diaz ◽  
Andre Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
P Value ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Alternative Healthy Eating Index

BackgroundThere is a large burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the United States (US). The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between diet quality with lung function, airway restriction, and spirometrically defined COPD in a nationally representative sample of US adults.MethodsAdults (19–70 years of age) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2012 cycles were included (N=10 428). Diet quality was determined using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010). Pre-bronchodilator measurements of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and the FEV1/FVC were described. Calibrated lower limit of normal (LLN) estimates were derived to determine prevalence of airway restriction (FVC<LLN) and COPD (FEV1/FVC Ratio<LLN). Population-weighted linear and logistic regression models were used to investigate the association of AHEI-2010 and respiratory outcomes.ResultsThe average AHEI was 45.3 (±12.2), equivalent to meeting 41% of the daily recommendations for optimal diet quality. Those in the highest quartile of AHEI had better FEV1 (adjusted [a]β:47.92, 95% CI 2.27, 93.57) and FVC (aβ: 80.23, 95% CI 34.03, 126.42; p-value interaction (*) of AHEI and smoking >0.05) compared to those in quartile 1. Higher AHEI was also associated with lower odds of airway restriction (OR: 0.23, 95% CI 0.08, 0.67; p-value AHEI*ethnicity >0.05).ConclusionsDiet quality was independently associated with better FEV1, FVC, and with lower odds of spirometric restriction. These findings highlight the need for research to further elucidate the possible beneficial role of diet in the preservation of lung function.

scholarly journals Is The Healthy Eating Index-2015 Associated With Rheumatoid Arthritis?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atiyeh Nayebi ◽  
Davood Soleimani ◽  
Shayan Mostafaei ◽  
Negin Elahi ◽  
Homayoun Elahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objective: Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) is a multidimensional criterion of diet quality utilized to evaluate how well people’s dietary behaviors align with major recommendations of the 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. We aim to investigate the association between the diet quality and Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity.Design: Cross-sectional studySetting: This study was done on 184 patients with RA in rheumatology clinic in Kermanshah city, Iran, in 2020. RA was diagnosed according to the criteria of the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/ European League against Rheumatism. The overall quality diet was extracted from a validated 168-item food frequency questioner (FFQ) to calculate the HEI-2015 score. RA disease activity was assessed using Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) scores. One-way ANOVA and ANCOVA were done to find the associations.Participants: RA patientsResults: Individuals in the highest HEI-2015 quartile had a lower mean Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) than those in the lowest quartiles of the HEI scores (P-value: 0.014). A linear trend towards decreasing waist circumference in patients was observed with increasing quartiles of the HEI-2015 scores (P-value= 0.005). After controlling for all potential confounders, patients in the highest HEI-2015 quartile had the lowest DAS28 scores than those in the lowest quartile of the HEI-2015 scores (Q1= 3.65; 95% CI= 3.29 – 4.02 vs. Q4= 2.35; 95% CI= 1.94 - 2.67; P-value<0.001).Conclusion: Our results indicated that following a high diet quality might be one of the therapeutic strategies to control or reduce the disease activity in RA patients.

scholarly journals Serum Metabolites Associated with Healthy Diets in African Americans and European Americans

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunju Kim ◽  
Emily A Hu ◽  
Kari E Wong ◽  
Bing Yu ◽  
Lyn M Steffen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Serum Metabolites ◽  
European Americans ◽  
Healthy Diets ◽  
Participant Characteristics

ABSTRACT Background High diet quality is associated with a lower risk of chronic diseases. Metabolomics can be used to identify objective biomarkers of diet quality. Objectives We used metabolomics to identify serum metabolites associated with 4 diet indices and the components within these indices in 2 samples from African Americans and European Americans. Methods We studied cross-sectional associations between known metabolites and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)-2010, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Trial (DASH) diet, alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED), and their components using untargeted metabolomics in 2 samples (n1 = 1,806, n2 = 2,056) of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study (aged 45–64 y at baseline). Dietary intakes were assessed using an FFQ. We used multivariable linear regression models to examine associations between diet indices and serum metabolites in each sample, adjusting for participant characteristics. Metabolites significantly associated with diet indices were meta-analyzed across 2 samples. C-statistics were calculated to examine if these candidate biomarkers improved prediction of individuals in the highest compared with lowest quintile of diet scores beyond participant characteristics. Results Seventeen unique metabolites (HEI: n = 6; AHEI: n = 5; DASH: n = 14; aMED: n = 2) were significantly associated with higher diet scores after Bonferroni correction in sample 1 and sample 2. Six of 17 significant metabolites [glycerate, N-methylproline, stachydrine, threonate, pyridoxate, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactate)] were associated with ≥1 dietary pattern. Candidate biomarkers of HEI, AHEI, and DASH distinguished individuals with highest compared with lowest quintile of diet scores beyond participant characteristics in samples 1 and 2 (P value for difference in C-statistics &lt;0.02 for all 3 diet indices). Candidate biomarkers of aMED did not improve C-statistics beyond participant characteristics (P value = 0.930). Conclusions A considerable overlap of metabolites associated with HEI, AHEI, DASH, and aMED reflects the similar food components and similar metabolic pathways involved in the metabolism of healthy diets in African Americans and European Americans.

Dietary Patterns And Risk Of Cancer: Current Evidence And Future Directions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Fang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Quality Indices ◽  
Alternative Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Diet Score

Dietary patterns capture the overall diet and its constituent foods and nutrients, representing a powerful approach to identifying the effect of nutrition on health and disease. In this review, we describe the two main approaches being used to characterize dietary patterns: a prior approach that defines dietary patterns using predefined diet quality indices, and a posterior approach that derives dietary patterns using factor or cluster analysis. Methods to define diet quality indices (Healthy Eating Index, Alternative Healthy Eating Index, Alternative Mediterranean Diet Score, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Score) are presented, and their similarities and differences are discussed among the different approaches. We review the recent evidence on the relationships between dietary patterns and cancer outcomes, including all-cancer incidence and mortality and the incidence of colorectal, breast, prostate, and lung cancers. Despite the different methods that are used to characterize dietary patterns in different studies, results consistently suggest that adherence to existing dietary guidelines is associated with a reduced risk of cancer incidence and mortality. Given the important role of dietary patterns in cancer prevention, clinicians need to consider providing appropriate nutrition counseling  to improve patients’ dietary patterns. Continuous efforts need to be devoted to better characterize the relationships between dietary patterns and cancer risk by studying specific cancer types, different cancer subtypes, and population subgroups, with a better approach that can accurately assess dietary patterns throughout the life cycle. This review contains 3 figures, 6 tables and 91 references Key words: Alternative Healthy Eating Index, breast cancer, cancer incidence, cancer mortality, cluster analysis, colorectal cancer, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, dietary patterns, diet quality index, factor analysis, Healthy Eating Index, lung cancer, Mediterranean Diet Score, prostate cancer, Recommended Food Score

scholarly journals Differences in Nutrient Intake and Diet Quality Between Non-Hispanic Black and Non-Hispanic White Men in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry L. Thompson ◽  
Chelsea R. Singleton ◽  
Sparkle E. Springfield ◽  
Roland J. Thorpe ◽  
Angela Odoms-Young
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Hispanic White

Objectives Non-Hispanic black (NHB) men have higher rates of chronic disease than men in other racial/ethnic groups. Poor diet quality is one risk factor for chronic disease, but research on the diet quality and nutrient intake of NHB men is sparse. The objective of this study was to describe and compare the diet quality and nutrient intake of NHB and non-Hispanic white (NHW) men in the United States. Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data on 5050 men (31.3% NHB, 68.7% NHW) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during 2007-2012. To assess diet quality, we calculated Healthy Eating Index (HEI)–2010 scores from each participant’s 24-hour recall data. We used logistic regression models to determine if NHB men had lower odds of meeting dietary recommendations for nutrient intake than NHW men. We used linear regression models to identify significant differences in HEI-2010 scores between NHB and NHW men. Results After adjusting for sociodemographic measures, NHB and NHW men had similar diet quality ( P = .59). Compared with NHW men, NHB men had lower odds of meeting recommendations for dietary fiber and cholesterol intake and higher odds of meeting recommendations for saturated fat and sodium intake. Conclusion Differences between NHB and NHW men in the intake of certain nutrients may be related to chronic disease disparities. Future research should consider racial/ethnic differences in dietary intake among men and the impact these differences have on men’s health.

scholarly journals Healthy Eating Policy Improves Children’s Diet Quality in Early Care and Education in South Carolina

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Zaltz ◽  
Amelie A. Hecht ◽  
Roni A. Neff ◽  
Russell R. Pate ◽  
Brian Neelon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Early Care And Education ◽  
Healthy Foods ◽  
Early Care

Policies to promote healthy foods in early care and education (ECE) in the United States exist, but few have been prospectively evaluated. In South Carolina, a statewide program serving low-income children in ECE enacted new policies promoting healthy foods. We conducted an evaluation to measure changes in dietary intake among children in ECE exposed and not exposed to the new policy. Using direct observation, we assessed dietary intake in 112 children from 34 ECE centers in South Carolina and 90 children from 30 ECE centers in North Carolina (a state with no policy). We calculated Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI) scores to measure diet quality consumed before and after the policy was enacted. We fit mixed-effects linear models to estimate differences in HEI scores by state from baseline to post-policy, adjusting for child race, number of children enrolled, director education, center years in operation, participation in the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP), and center profit status. The policy increased HEI scores for whole fruits, total fruits, and lean proteins, but decreased scores for dairy. Thus, the policy was associated with some enhancements in dietary intake, but additional support may help improve other components of diet.

scholarly journals Adherence to Alternative Healthy Eating Index in relation to depression and anxiety in Iranian adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvane Saneei ◽  
Maryam Hajishafiee ◽  
Ammar Hassanzadeh Keshteli ◽  
Hamid Afshar ◽  
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Alternative Healthy Eating Index

AbstractEarlier studies have shown a protective association between adherence to healthy eating guidelines and mental disorders in Western nations; however, data in this regard are limited from the understudied region of Middle East. We examined the association between adherence to healthy eating guidelines, as measured by Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)-2010, and prevalence of anxiety and depression in a large sample of Iranian adults. In this cross-sectional study, data on dietary intakes of 3363 adult participants were collected using a validated dish-based 106-item semi-quantitative FFQ. Adherence to healthy eating was quantified using AHEI-2010, as suggested by earlier publications. The Iranian validated version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to assess anxiety and depression in study participants. Data on other covariates were gathered using a pre-tested questionnaire. Overall, the prevalence of anxiety and depression was 15·2 % (males 10·8 % and females 18·3 %) and 30·0 % (males 22·9 % and females 35·1 %), respectively. After controlling for potential confounders, those in the top quartile of AHEI-2010 had a 49 % lower chance of anxiety (OR 0·51; 95 % CI 0·35, 0·72) and a 45 % lower odds of depression (OR 0·55; 95 % CI 0·42, 0·72), compared with those in the bottom quartile. Stratified analysis by sex revealed that women in the highest categories of AHEI-2010 had a 49 % lower odds of having anxiety and depression, after adjustment for confounders, but no significant association was found in men. In addition, among individuals who were 40 years old or younger, those with high adherence to AHEI-2010 were 58 and 51 % less likely to have anxiety and depression, compared with those with less adherence. Adherence to healthy eating was inversely associated with a lower chance of anxiety and depression in Iranian adults. Prospective studies are required to confirm these associations in Middle-Eastern populations.

scholarly journals Diet Quality and Incident Non-Communicable Disease in the 1946–1951 Cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 11375
Author(s):  
Hlaing Hlaing-Hlaing ◽  
Xenia Dolja-Gore ◽  
Meredith Tavener ◽  
Erica L. James ◽  
Allison M. Hodge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Non Communicable Disease

Diet quality indices (DQIs) can be useful predictors of diet–disease relationships, including non-communicable disease (NCD) multimorbidity. We aimed to investigate whether overall diet quality (DQ) predicted NCD, multimorbidity, and all-cause mortality. Women from the 1945–51 cohort of the Australia Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH) were included if they: responded to S3 in 2001 and at least one survey between 2004 (S4) and 2016 (S8), and had no NCD history and complete dietary data at S3. DQ was summarized by the Healthy Eating Index for Australian Adults-2013 (HEIFA-2013), Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS), and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010). Outcomes included each NCD (diabetes mellitus (DM), coronary heart disease (CHD), hypertension (HT), asthma, cancer (except skin cancer), depression and/or anxiety) independently, multimorbidity, and all-cause mortality. Repeated multivariate logistic regressions were used to test associations between DQIs and NCD outcomes across the 15 years of follow-up. The mean (±sd) of DQIs of participants (n = 5350) were 57.15 ± 8.16 (HEIFA-2013); 4.35 ± 1.75 (MDS), and 56.01 ± 10.32 (AHEI-2010). Multivariate regressions indicated that women reporting the highest quintile of AHEI-2010 had lower odds of DM (42–56% (S5–S8)), HT (26% (S8)), asthma (35–37% (S7, S8)), and multimorbidity (30–35% (S7, S8)). The highest quintile of HEIFA-2013 and MDS had lower odds of HT (26–35% (S7, S8); 24–27% (S6–S8), respectively) and depression and/or anxiety (30% (S6): 30–34% (S7, S8)). Our findings support evidence that DQ is an important predictor of some NCDs and a target for prevention in middle-aged women.

Body Mass of U.S. Hispanics/Latinos From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL): How Do Diet Quality and Sedentary Time Relate?

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Marisa J. Perera ◽  
Diana A. Chirinos ◽  
Carrie E. Brintz ◽  
Neil Schneiderman ◽  
Martha Daviglus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Length Of Residence ◽  
Hispanic Community ◽  
Alternative Healthy Eating Index

Little evidence exists on diet quality- and sedentary time-related differences in body mass index (BMI) among immigrant and nonimmigrant Hispanics/Latinos with different lengths of U.S. residence. A total of 13,962 (80.2% foreign-born) Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) participants aged 18 to 60 from four U.S. cities (Bronx, NY; Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; and San Diego, CA) underwent standardized interviews and fasting blood tests. Diet quality was total Alternative Healthy Eating Index score. Sedentary time was number of <100 counts/minute over 3 to 6 days. BMI was examined using regression models adjusted for age, income, Hispanic/Latino background, HCHS/SOL site, and tobacco use. Two three-way interactions (diet or sedentary time length of residence sex) were tested to examine health behavior-related differences in BMI among immigrant and nonimmigrant males and females. The diet length of residence sex interaction was significant ( b = .005, 95% confidence interval [−.003, .008]). For a 10-unit Alternative Healthy Eating Index difference, the BMI difference was greater among immigrant females in the United States longer (0 years = .84 kg/m2; 10 years = 1.64 kg/m2). Diet-related obesity prevention efforts may start soon after migration, particularly for immigrant women.

scholarly journals Healthy Eating Index Protocol: Review, Update, and Development Process to Reflect Dietary Guidance Across the Lifespan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 447-447
Author(s):  
Jill Reedy ◽  
TusaRebecca Pannucci ◽  
Kirsten Herrick ◽  
Jennifer Lerman ◽  
Marissa Shams-White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Nutrition Policy ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Infants And Toddlers

Abstract Objectives The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) is a measure of diet quality, independent of quantity, that can be used to assess alignment with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGAs), which are the basis of nutrition policy for the United States (US) government and the foundation of all federal nutrition guidance. The recently released 2020–2025 DGAs include recommendations for infants and toddlers for the first time, and necessitate a review, update, and development process of the HEI to reflect healthy eating across the lifespan. Methods Since 2005, researchers at the HHS National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the USDA Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion have collaborated to revise the HEI based on updates to the DGAs, and the HEI-2015 is the most recent iteration. The process includes: 1) gathering information from dietary guidelines, experts, and federal stakeholders; 2) considering substantive changes and needs for new development; and 3) completing validation analyses. Results Updates to the HEI have aimed to maintain stability, reflecting the consistency of recommendations over time. A guiding principle is to only make changes to the HEI that have a strong rationale. With no significant changes in the USDA Dietary Patterns, few changes are anticipated for the HEI for 2 years and older; instead, the emphasis for the update process is focusing on considerations for an index for infants and toddlers under 2 years. Additionally, the Scientific Report of the 2020 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee identified the development of a scoring system (such as the HEI) for infants and toddlers as a research recommendation, because comparisons of diet quality using the HEI have thus far only been possible for Americans 2 years and older. The HEI review, update, and development process aims to consider analyses with distributions of HEI scores across the lifespan with nationally representative data and diverse cohorts. Conclusions The HEI is a valuable tool for research that can be used in nutrition interventions, epidemiology, and consumer nutrition education programs. The timely release of a new HEI will enable application across the lifespan and support additional methodological research to examine needs specific to each life stage and how to model optimal trajectories of healthy dietary patterns. Funding Sources None.

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