scholarly journals Risk factors for breast cancer in a population with high incidence rates

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Wrensch ◽  
Terri Chew ◽  
Georgianna Farren ◽  
Janice Barlow ◽  
Flavia Belli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
High Incidence

Incidence and risk factors for dysglycaemia in Asian-Indians: a 10-year population-based prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2021-141243
Author(s):  
Rahul Gupta ◽  
Satyam Singh Jayant ◽  
Ashu Rastogi ◽  
Sanjay K Bhadada ◽  
Anil Bhansali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Asian Indians ◽  
Sedentary Lifestyle ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
History Of ◽  
East Asia Region

BackgroundDiabetes prevalence estimates suggest an increasing trend in South-East Asia region, but studies on its incidence are limited. The current study aims to estimate the incidence of type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes in a population-based cohort from India.MethodsA subset of Chandigarh Urban Diabetes Study cohort (n=1878) with normoglycaemia or pre-diabetes at baseline was prospectively followed after a median of 11 (0.5–11) years. Diabetes and pre-diabetes were diagnosed as per WHO guidelines. The incidence with 95% CI was calculated in 1000 person-years and Cox proportional hazard model was used to find the association between the risk factors and progression to pre-diabetes and diabetes.ResultsThe incidence of diabetes, pre-diabetes and dysglycaemia (either pre-diabetes or diabetes) was 21.6 (17.8–26.1), 18.8 (14.8–23.4) and 31.7 (26.5–37.6) per 1000 person-years, respectively. Age (HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.04), family history of diabetes (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.25) and sedentary lifestyle (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.17) predicted conversion from normoglycaemia to dysglycaemia, while obesity (HR 2.43, 95% CI 1.21 to 4.89) predicted conversion from pre-diabetes to diabetes.ConclusionA high incidence of diabetes and pre-diabetes in Asian-Indians suggests a faster conversion rate to dysglycaemia, which is partly explained by sedentary lifestyle and consequent obesity in these individuals. The high incidence rates call for a pressing need for public health interventions targeting modifiable risk factors.

Risk of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Women With and Without a History of Breast Cancer: The Pathways Heart Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn L. Kwan ◽  
Richard K. Cheng ◽  
Carlos Iribarren ◽  
Romain Neugebauer ◽  
Jamal S. Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Endocrine Therapy ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Subdistribution Hazard

PURPOSE The incidence of cardiometabolic risk factors in breast cancer (BC) survivors has not been well described. Thus, we compared risk of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in women with and without BC. METHODS Women with invasive BC diagnosed from 2005 to 2013 at Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) were identified and matched 1:5 to noncancer controls on birth year, race, and ethnicity. Cumulative incidence rates of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were estimated with competing risk of overall death. Subdistribution hazard ratios (sHRs) were estimated by Fine and Gray regression, adjusted for cardiovascular disease–related risk factors, and stratified by treatment and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS A total of 14,942 BC cases and 74,702 matched controls were identified with mean age 61.2 years and 65% non-Hispanic White. Compared with controls, BC cases had higher cumulative incidence rates of hypertension (10.9% v 8.9%) and diabetes (2.1% v 1.7%) after 2 years, with higher diabetes incidence persisting after 10 years (9.3% v 8.8%). In multivariable models, cases had higher risk of diabetes (sHR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.26) versus controls. Cases treated with chemotherapy (sHR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.38), left-sided radiation (sHR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.48), or endocrine therapy (sHR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.34) continued to have higher diabetes risk. Hypertension risk was higher for cases receiving left-sided radiation (sHR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.21) or endocrine therapy (sHR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.16). Normal-weight (BMI < 24.9 kg/m2) cases had higher risks overall and within treatment subgroups versus controls. CONCLUSION BC survivors at KPNC experienced elevated risks of diabetes and hypertension compared with women without BC depending on treatments received and BMI. Future studies should examine strategies for cardiometabolic risk factor prevention in BC survivors.

Risk-based recommendations for mammographic screening for women in their forties.

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 3105-3114 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gail ◽  
B Rimer
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
White Women ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Mammographic Screening ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Flow Diagram

PURPOSE To develop risk-based recommendations for mammographic screening for women in their 40s that take into account the woman's age, race, and specific risk factors. METHODS We assumed that regular mammographic screening is justified for a 50-year-old woman, even one with no risk factors, and that a younger woman with an expected 1-year breast cancer incidence rate as great or greater than that of a 50-year-old woman with no risk factors would benefit sufficiently to justify regular screening. Recommendations under this criterion were based on age- and race-specific breast cancer incidence rates from the National Cancer Institute's (NCI's) Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program; assessments of risk factors from the Breast Cancer Detection and Demonstration Project (BCDDP); and reports in the literature. RESULTS Two methods, the exact-age procedure (EAP) and the grouped-age procedure (GAP), were developed. The less precise GAP only requires following a flow diagram. The proportion of white women recommended for screening by the EAP ranges from 10% for 40-year-old women to 95% for 49-year-old women, and the corresponding percentages for black women are 16% and 95%. The assumptions that underlie the guidelines are discussed critically. CONCLUSION For women or physicians who prefer an individualized approach in deciding whether to initiate regular mammographic screening in the age range of 40 to 49 years, the present report offers recommendations based on individualized risk-factor data and clearly stated assumptions that have an empiric basis. These recommendations can be used to facilitate the counseling process.

Introducción. Situación mundial del Cáncer de Mama

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Crismatt Zapata
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cáncer De Mama ◽  
Breast Cancer Death ◽  
Cancer Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Hereditary Factors

<p>[Introduction. World situation of Breast Cancer]</p><p>Resumen<br />El cáncer de mama es el tumor de la mujer más diagnosticado en la gran mayoría de los países. Los factores no hereditarios son los principales impulsores de las diferencias internacionales e inter-étnicas observadas en la incidencia de este cáncer. Las tasas de incidencia del cáncer de mama han aumentado en la mayoría de los países en transición en las últimas décadas, en tanto que en la mayoría de los países más avanzados, las tasas de mortalidad por cáncer de mama han ido en descenso como resultado de la detección temprana de la enfermedad, los avances en el tratamiento y mayor accesibilidad a los servicios de salud. Los principales factores de riesgo para el cáncer de mama no son fácilmente modificables porque se derivan de exposiciones hormonales endógenas prolongadas. La prevención a través de la promoción de la lactancia materna, particularmente su mayor duración, pudiera ser beneficioso. La incidencia de cáncer de mama en Panamá se comporta de manera similar a los países con índice de desarrollo Humano en transición; ha ido en aumento en las últimas décadas como resultado del aumento en la prevalencia de los factores de riesgo conocidos y la mejoría en la recolección de datos.<br /><br />Abstract<br />Breast cancer is the most diagnosed woman's tumor in the vast majority of countries. The non-hereditary factors are the main drivers of the international and inter-ethnic differences observed in the incidence of this cancer. Breast cancer incidence rates have increased in most countries in transition in recent decades, while in most of the more advanced countries, breast cancer death rates have been declining as a result of breast cancer. early detection of the disease, advances in treatment and greater accessibility to health services. The main risk factors for breast cancer are not easily modifiable because they are derived from prolonged endogenous hormonal exposures. Prevention through the promotion of breastfeeding, particularly its longer duration, could be beneficial. The incidence of breast cancer in Panama behaves similarly to countries with a Human Development Index in transition; It has been increasing in recent decades as a result of the increase in the prevalence of known risk factors and the improvement in data collection.</p>

Migration, ethnicity, and psychoses

2020 ◽  
pp. 422-428
Author(s):  
Craig Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Ethnic Populations ◽  
Minority Ethnic Groups ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Minority Ethnic

The incidence of psychotic disorders is increased, to varying extents, in many migrant and minority ethnic populations in several countries. This chapter briefly reviews the evidence on disparities in incidence between minority and majority populations and then discusses possible explanations. It is unlikely that methodological artifact, including misdiagnosis, can fully account for the high incidence rates observed in some populations. Further, there is no evidence that established neurodevelopmental risk factors for psychosis explain disparities among ethnic groups. It is, then, most likely—and there is growing evidence to support this—that the high rates are a consequence of greater exposure to adverse social conditions and experiences, particularly those involving threat and violence, over the life course among minority ethnic groups. In other words, psychosis occurs more often in some minority populations via a socio-developmental pathway.

scholarly journals CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS OF ANTITUMOR THERAPY FOR BREAST CANCER: DIAGNOSIS, PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 138-148
Author(s):  
V. I. Potievskaya ◽  
A. A. Akhobekov ◽  
L. V. Bolotina ◽  
L. A. Koroleva ◽  
A. D. Kaprin
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Anticancer Therapy ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Common Risk Factors

Although significant advances have been made in breast cancer treatment resulting in improved survival, cardiovascular disease has become the main cause of disability and mortality not related to cancer recurrence. In the general population, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in both women and men. In patients with breast cancer, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases is even higher than in the general population. The high incidence of cardiovascular disease in breast cancer patients is likely due to the presence of common risk factors as well as the patients with breast cancer, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases is even higher than in the general population. The high incidence of cardiovascular disease in breast cancer patients is likely due to the presence of common risk factors as well as cardiotoxicity of anticancer therapy. The rise in the development of cardiovascular disease in breast cancer survivors is a major concern. This literature review will describe the incidence of cardiovascular complications with different treatment regimens for breast cancer, risk factors for their development, strategies for monitoring cardiovascular function during and after anticancer therapy, and strategies for the prevention and treatment of cardiotoxicity. 

scholarly journals Incidence and risk factors of the temporomandibular joint disorders in the patients without condylar fractures

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Yan Junjie ◽  
Liu Weidong ◽  
Lin Ren ◽  
Ye Min
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Facial Injury ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Condylar Fractures

Objective: To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of the temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) in the patients suffering from maxillo-facial injury without condylar fractures. Methods: sixty patients without condylar fractures were recruited from Feb 2014 to Nov 2015 in the department of stomatology, Lishui people’s hospital. The incidence of TMD was recorded at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after injury through MRI examination. The risk factors for TMD were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. Results: the TMD incidence rates were 25.0%, 30.0%, 35.0%, 41.7% and 48.3% at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after injury with no statistical difference between male and female (P>0.05). Logistic regression indicated that disorder of occlusal relationship (OR=1.84,95%CI:1.36-2.78) and hemi-mastication (OR=1.56, 95% CI:1.23- 2.24) were independent risk factors for the development of TMD. Conclusion: there was a high incidence of temporomandibular joint disorders in the patients suffering from maxillo-facial injury without condylar fractures. The disorder of occlusal relationship and hemi-mastication were independent risk factors for the development of post-injury TMD.

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated with Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Víctor Manuel Vargas-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
East Europe ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Hereditary Factors ◽  
America South

In Mexico, breast cancer is the second most common site of cancer in women and in most developed and emerging countries. Incidence rates have increased in many countries, although in some, mortality has remained stable with a slight reduction. There are geographical differences with high rates of breast cancer in North America, Northern Europe and Oceania, and lower rates in Central and South America, South and East Europe; in addition to emerging countries in Africa and Asia. Genetic and hereditary factors constitute less than 5% of breast cancer cases and other risk factors for breast cancer are related to the reproductive life of the woman. This work was carried out in order to determine if the risk factors considered classic are really associated with breast cancer in our sample of Mexican women studied.

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