scholarly journals Pressurized intra-peritoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC): increased intraperitoneal pressure does not affect distribution patterns but leads to deeper penetration depth of doxorubicin in a sheep model

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Mimouni ◽  
Christophe Richard ◽  
Pierre Adenot ◽  
Martine Letheule ◽  
Anne Tarrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Luminal Surface ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Cell Penetration ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Intraperitoneal Pressure ◽  
Group 12 ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is an innovative treatment against peritoneal carcinomatosis. Doxorubicin is a common intra-venous chemotherapy used for peritoneal carcinomatosis and for PIPAC. This study evaluated the impact of increased PIPAC intraperitoneal pressure on the distribution and cell penetration of doxorubicin in a sheep model. Methods Doxorubicin was aerosolized using PIPAC into the peritoneal cavity of 6 ewes (pre-alpes breed): N = 3 with 12 mmHg intraperitoneal pressure (“group 12”) and N = 3 with 20 mmHg (“group 20”). Samples from peritoneum (N = 6), ovarian (N = 1), omentum (N = 1) and caecum (N = 1) were collected for each ewe. The number of doxorubicin positive cells was determined using the ratio between doxorubicine fluorescence-positive cell nuclei (DOXO+) over total number of DAPI positive cell nuclei (DAPI+). Penetration depth (μm) was defined as the distance between the luminal surface and the location of the deepest DOXO+ nuclei over the total number of cell nuclei that were stained with DAPI. Penetration depth (μm) was defined as the distance between the luminal surface and the location of the deepest DOXO+ nuclei. Results DOXO+ nuclei were identified in 87% of samples. All omental samples, directly localized in front of the nebulizer head, had 100% DOXO+ nuclei whereas very few nuclei were DOXO+ for caecum. Distribution patterns were not different between the two groups but penetration depth in ovary and caecum samples was significantly deeper in group 20. Conclusions This study showed that applying a higher intra-peritoneal pressure during PIPAC treatment leads to a deeper penetration of doxorubicin in ovarian and caecum but does not affect distribution patterns.

scholarly journals Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC): increased intraperitoneal pressure does not affect distribution patterns but leads to deeper penetration depth of doxorubicin in a sheep model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Mimouni ◽  
Christophe Richard ◽  
Pierre Adenot ◽  
Martine Letheule ◽  
Anne Tarrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Luminal Surface ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Cell Penetration ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Intraperitoneal Pressure ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is an innovative treatment against peritoneal carcinomatosis. Doxorubicin is a common intra-venous chemotherapy used for peritoneal carcinomatosis and for PIPAC. This study evaluated the impact of increased PIPAC intraperitoneal pressure on the distribution and cell penetration of doxorubicin in a sheep model. Methods Doxorubicin was aerosolized using PIPAC into the peritoneal cavity of 6 ewes: N=3 with 12mmHg intraperitoneal pressure (group 1) and N=3 with 20mmHg (group 2). Samples from peritoneum (N=6), ovarian (N=1), omentum (N=1) and caecum (N=1) were collected for each ewe. The number of doxorubicin positive cells was determined using the ratio between doxorubicine fluorescence-positive cell nuclei (DOXO+) over total number of DAPI positive cell nuclei (DAPI+). Penetration depth (μm) was defined as the distance between the luminal surface and the location of the deepest DOXO+ nuclei over the total number of cell nuclei that were stained with DAPI. Penetration depth (μm) was defined as the distance between the luminal surface and the location of the deepest DOXO+ nuclei. Results DOXO+ nuclei were identified in 87% of samples. All omental samples, directly localized in front of the nebulizer head, had 100% DOXO+ nuclei whereas very few nuclei were DOXO+ for caecum. Distribution patterns were not different between the two groups but penetration depth in ovary and caecum samples was significantly deeper in group 2. Conclusions This study showed that applying a higher intra-peritoneal pressure during PIPAC treatment leads to a deeper penetration of doxorubicin in ovarian and caecum but does not affect distribution patterns.

Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC): Does increased intraperitoneal pressure change distribution patterns and penetration depth of doxorubicin in a sheep model?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Mimouni ◽  
Christophe Richard ◽  
Pierre Adenot ◽  
Martine Letheule ◽  
Anne Tarrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Luminal Surface ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Intraperitoneal Pressure ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background:Pressurized Intra-Peritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is an innovative treatment against peritoneal carcinomatosis. Doxorubicin is a common intra-venous chemotherapy used for peritoneal carcinomatosis and for PIPAC. This study evaluated the impact of increased PIPAC intraperitoneal pressure on the distribution and cell penetration of doxorubicin in a sheep model.Methods: Doxorubicin was aerosolized using PIPAC into the peritoneal cavity of 6 ewes (pre-alpes breed): N=3 with 12mmHg intraperitoneal pressure (group 1) and N=3 with 20mmHg (group 2). Samples from peritoneum (N=6), ovarian (N=1), omentum (N=1) and caecum (N=1) were collected for each ewe. The number of doxorubicin positive cells was determined using the ratio between doxorubicine fluorescence-positive cell nuclei (DOXO+) over total number of DAPI positive cell nuclei (DAPI+). Penetration depth (μm) was defined as the distance between the luminal surface and the location of the deepest DOXO+ nuclei over the total number of cell nuclei that were stained with DAPI. Penetration depth (μm) was defined as the distance between the luminal surface and the location of the deepest DOXO+ nuclei.Results: DOXO+ nuclei were identified in 87% of samples. All omental samples, directly localized in front of the nebulizer head, had 100% DOXO+ nuclei whereas very few nuclei were DOXO+ for caecum. Distribution patterns were not different between the two groups but penetration depth in ovary and caecum samples was significantly deeper in group 2. Conclusions:This study showed that applying a higher intra-peritoneal pressure during PIPAC treatment leads to a deeper penetration of doxorubicin in ovarian and caecum but does not affect distribution patterns.

Experimental Examination of the Impact of Tool Radius on Specific Energy in Microcutting of Granite

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloš Pjević ◽  
Ljubodrag Tanović ◽  
Goran Mladenović ◽  
Biljana Marković
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Brittle Materials ◽  
Experimental Examination ◽  
Workpiece Surface ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Tip Radius ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Force Intensity

The paper presents experimental results of microcutting brittle materials (granite). The analysis was conceived on the observed interaction between the workpiece and two tools of different shapes. Experiment was based on scratching the workpiece surface with diamond tools. Applied tools had tip radius R0.2 and R0.15 mm. The experiment determined the changes in the value of perpendicular and tangential components of the cutting force based on the geometric properties of tools, as well as the changes of the specific energy of microcutting granite (Jošanica and Bukovik types). The experiment has shown that reduction of tool radius causes reduction of the cutting force intensity and specific cutting energy. Because of its physical/mechanical properties, more energy is required for micromachining granite “Jošanica” than “Bukovik.” Based on the topography of the surface, the value of critical tool penetration depth was established, after which the brittle fracture is no longer present. For granite “Jošanica” values of critical penetration depth are 6 and 5 μm when micromachining with tools R0.2 and R0.15 mm, while for Bukovik those values are 6.5 and 5.5 μm. The paper should form the basis for understanding the phenomena which occur during microcutting brittle materials.

Journal Impact Factors Do Not Equitably Reflect Academic Staff Performance in Different Medical Subspecialties

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 531-536
Author(s):  
Richard J. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Academic Staff ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Staff Performance ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe simplest variables to quantify on an academic curriculum vitae are the impact factors (IFs) of journals in which articles have been published. As a result, these measures are increasingly used as part of academic staff assessment. The present study tests the hypotheses that IFs exhibit patterns that are consistent between journals of different specialties and that these IFs reflect the quality of staff academic performance.MethodsThe IFs of a sample of journals from each of four medical specialties—medicine, oncology, genetics, and public and occupational health—were downloaded from the Science Citation Index and compared. Overall and specialty-specific journal IF frequencies were analyzed with respect to distribution patterns, averages, and skew.ResultsApproximately 91% of journal IFs fell within the 0 to 5 range, with 97% being less than 10. The overall IF distribution featured a positive skew and a mean of 2.5. Separate analysis of the journal specialty subsets revealed significant differences in IF means (genetics 3.4 > oncology 3.1 > medicine 2.0 > public health 1.6; p < .006), all of which well exceeded the respective IF medians. Journals from the general medicine category exhibited both the lowest IF median (0.7) and the most positively skewed distribution.ConclusionThe distribution of IFs exhibits degrees of skew, numeric average, and spread that differ significantly between journal specialty subsets. This suggests that factors other than random variations underlie much of the IF variation between specialty journals and reduces the plausibility of a reliable correlation between IFs and the quality of academic staff performance. It is concluded that a dominant emphasis on IFs in academic recruitment and promotion may select for long-term faculty characteristics other than academic quality alone.

High-speed impacts of slender bodies into non-smooth, complex fluids

2018 ◽  
Vol 861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ishan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Penetration Depth ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Complex Fluids ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Impact Speed ◽  
High Speed Impact ◽  
Smooth Complex ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Slender Bodies ◽  
The Impact

We present a simple hydrodynamical model for the high-speed impact of slender bodies into frictional geomaterials such as soils and clays. We model these materials as non-smooth, complex fluids. Our model predicts the evolution of the impactor’s speed and the final penetration depth given the initial impact speed, and the material and geometric parameters of the impactor and the impacted material. As an application, we investigate the impact of deep-penetrating anchors into seabeds. Our theoretical predictions are found to match field and laboratory data very well.

The Impact of Radiofrequency Shrinkage on the Mechanical and Histologic Properties of the Elongated Anterior Cruciate Ligament in a Sheep Model

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 923-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Scheffler ◽  
Heike Chwastek ◽  
Veronika Schönfelder ◽  
Frank Unterhauser ◽  
Patrick Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
The Impact

Penetration depth of RC panels subjected to the impact of aircraft engine missiles

2018 ◽  
Vol 335 ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Zhang ◽  
H. Wu ◽  
T. Huang ◽  
J.H. Sheng ◽  
Q. Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Modification of Ordinary Concrete Using Fly Ash from Combustion of Municipal Sewage Sludge

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Rutkowska ◽  
Piotr Wichowski ◽  
Małgorzata Franus ◽  
Michał Mendryk ◽  
Joanna Fronczyk
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Water Penetration ◽  
The Impact

This article focuses on the impact of fly ash from the combustion of municipal sewage sludge (FAMSS) as a cement additive in the amounts of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% (by mass) on selected concrete properties. In the course of the experimental work, water penetration depth and compressive strength measurements were made at various periods of curing (from 2 to 365 days). In addition, the potential impact of FAMSS on the natural environment was examined by determining the leachability of heavy metals. FAMSS-modified concretes showed small values of water penetration depth (lower than 50 mm), as well as good compressive strength (reaching minimum class C30/37 after 130 days of maturing)—similar to the compressive strength obtained for conventional concrete. In addition, the partial replacement of cement with FAMSS has environmental benefits, expressed as a reduction in CO2 emissions. In addition, study has shown that compliance with environmental requirements is associated with heavy metal leaching.

scholarly journals The use of the South African Diatom Index as a concervation management tool for Hewitt’s Ghost frog

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Botha ◽  
C. Weldon ◽  
J.C. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
The South ◽  
Diatom Index ◽  
The Impact

Distribution patterns of diatoms were investigated to determine the impact ofshading on the distribution of diatomes, which form the main diet of the endangered frogspecies, Heleophryne hewitti.

Study on Corner Contact Shock of Gear Transmission by ADAMS Software

2015 ◽  
Vol 778 ◽  
pp. 205-211
Author(s):  
Li He ◽  
Jin Yuan Tang
Keyword(s):  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Impact Velocity ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Adams Software ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Key Parameter

Solving gear meshing impact force problems by using ADAMS software is studied.A pair of tooth meshing model is established based on UG, modal neutral file is generated by using ANSYS software, calculating gear meshing impact after Importing ADAMS. The relationship between the impact velocity and the impact force by taking reasonable key parameter about penetration depth in ADAMS simulation.A new approach for studying gear meshing impact is proposed here, and the simulation results show that ADAMS software is a very useful tool for solving gear corner contact shock problems outside the normal path of action line.

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