Walking onset: a poor predictor for motor and cognitive skills in healthy preschool children

Abstract Background The onset of walking is thought to be an indicator of early development. However, evidence is mixed and clear data on this relationship at preschool age is missing. The study aimed at investigating if walking onset and motor and cognitive development in preschool children are related. Methods A total of 555 children (mean age 3.86 years) of the Swiss Preschoolers’ Health Study SPLASHY were tested twice at their childcare center (at baseline and one year later). Motor skills and cognitive skills were assessed by standardized testing procedures and parents were asked to provide information on walking onset of their child. Results Late onset of walking was related to poorer motor skills (fine motor skills, static and dynamic balance (all p < 0.003)) and poorer cognitive skills (selective attention and visual perception (p = 0.02; p = 0.001) in late preschool age. Conclusions For children with late walking onset a close monitoring of their development in the regular pediatric child health visits may be reasonable. Trial registration: ISRCTN41045021.

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Preschool Age Children’s Fine Motor Skills Development

The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations ◽

10.37547/tajssei/volume03issue04-83 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 03 (04) ◽

pp. 516-519

Author(s):

Mamatova Madina Batiyrovna ◽

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Preschool Age ◽

Skills Development ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Fine Motor Skills

This article discusses the effects of fine hand motor skills in the development of speech in preschool children, the use of finger games.

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ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK HALUS PADA ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH DI TK RA DIPONEGORO DESA NGAJUM KABUPATEN MALANG

Jurnal Kesehatan Mesencephalon ◽

10.36053/mesencephalon.v5i2.181 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ni Luh Diah Ayu Sita Dewi ◽

Anik Yulaika

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Brain Size ◽

Preschool Age ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Fine Motor Skills ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Purposive Sampling

Abstract : Growth and development are important variables in a child's life cycle, an increase in volume, brain size, and the formation of synapses to influence. . Fine motor is a factor supporting the readiness of children from preschool age to school age. A child's ability can not only be judged by cognitive ability, to form independence at preschool age, growth and development are key variables that are interrelated. This study aimed to analyze the factors that influence fine motor development in preschool children. This research uses an observational design with a cross sectional approach. The research was conducted at RA Diponegoro Kindergarten, Ngajum Village, Malang Regency. The population and sample of this research were kindergarten students aged 4-5 years as many as 22 children using a technique that was purposive sampling. The research instrument used a questionnaire sheet, observation sheet, and DDST II sheet. This research used Crooss Table test data analysis and Mann Whitney test. This study showed that extrinsic factors of maternal education influence the development of fine motor skills in preschool children in RA Diponegoro Kindergarten, Ngajum Village, Malang Regency with ρ values of 0.020. Recomendation from this research is that training is needed and environmental factors play a major role in the development of fine motor skills in children, the mother as the closest person to the child in the development of five years of early life holds an important key in the development of fine motor skills. Keywords : factors, influence, fine motor, preschool Abstrak : Tubuh kembang merupakan variabel penting dalam kehidupan anak, peningkatan volume, ukuran otak, serta pembentukan sinap berjalan bersamaan. Motorik halus merupakan faktor menunjang kesiapan anak dari usia preschool ke usia sekolah. Kemampuan seorang anak tidak hanya bisa dinilai dari kemampuan kognitif, untuk membentuk kemandirian diusia prasekolah, pertumbuhan maupun perkembangan merupakan variabel kunci sang saling berkaitan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan motorik halus pada anak usia prasekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di TK RA Diponegoro Desa Ngajum Kabupaten Malang. Populasi dan sampel adalah murid TK berusia 4 - 5 tahun sejumlah 22 anak menggunakan teknik yaitu purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar kuosioner, lembar observasi, dan lembar DDST II. Analisa data menggunakan uji Crooss Table dan uji Mann Whitney. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor ekstrinsik pendidikan ibu mempengaruhi perkembangan motorik halus pada anak usia prasekolah di TK RA Diponegoro Desa Ngajum Kabupaten Malang dengan nilai ρ value sebesar 0,020. Saran dari hasil penelitian adalah diperlukan latihan dan faktor lingkungan sangat berperan dalam perkembangan motorik halus pada anak, ibu sebagai orang terdekat anak pada perkembangan lima tahun awal kehidupanya memegang peranan penting dalam perkembangan kemampuan motorik halus.Kata Kunci : faktor, pengaruh, motorik halus, prasekolah

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Assessing Motor Performance in Preschool Children: The Zurich Neuromotor Assessment-2 and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.1177/00315125211025246 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 003151252110252

Author(s):

Gerda van der Veer ◽

Erica Kamphorst ◽

Alexander Minnaert ◽

Marja Cantell ◽

Tanja H. Kakebeeke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Young Children ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Motor Performance ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Assessment Battery ◽

Movement Assessment ◽

Zurich Neuromotor Assessment ◽

Pearson Correlations

Comparing motor assessment tools that are available for young children is important in order to select the most appropriate clinical and research tools. Hence, this study compared motor performance assessed with the Zurich Neuromotor Assessment-2 (ZNA-2) to the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2). The sample consisted of 169 children, aged 3–5 years (87 boys; 51%). We used Pearson correlations to examine relationships between the ZNA-2 and MABC-2 component and total scores. In addition, Pearson correlations were performed between individual fine motor and balance items of the ZNA-2 and MABC-2. Results were that the total scores of the ZNA-2 and MABC-2 correlated moderately ( r = .40, p < .001). Non-significant to moderate correlations were found between components ( r = −.00 to .47) and between individual items of fine motor skills ( r = .04 to .38) and balance ( r = −.12 to .38). Thus, the ZNA-2 and MABC-2 measure partly similar and partly different aspects of motor performance.

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Differences between preschool children using tablets and non-tablets in visual perception and fine motor skills

Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy ◽

10.1177/1569186119888698 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 118-126

Author(s):

Ling-Yi Lin

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Visual Perception ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Motor Development ◽

Visual Memory ◽

Occupational Therapists ◽

Underlying Mechanism ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Fine Motor Skills ◽

Perceptual Skills

Background Numerous touch-screen applications designed to support visual perceptual skills and fine motor development for young children are available. Objectives This study aimed to investigate whether or not there were differences between children using tablets and non-tablets in visual perception and fine motor skills and to examine the association between visual perception and fine motor skills in two groups. Methods This study had tablet and non-tablet groups, each with 36 typically developing preschool children. Results Children in the non-tablet group yielded significantly higher scores in the subtests of visual discrimination, visual memory, spatial relationships, form constancy, visual figure ground, fine motor precision, fine motor integration, and manual dexterity than those in the tablet group. The association between visual perception and fine motor skills demonstrated different patterns in the two groups. Conclusion There are differences in visual perception and fine motor skills between children using tablets and non-using tablets. Different patterns of association relationship support the need for occupational therapists to consider the underlying mechanism.

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Pengaruh Perilaku Orang Tua Terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Anak Usia Prasekolah Di Tk Kecamatan Curug Kabupaten Tangerang Banten

MAHESA : Malahayati Health Student Journal ◽

10.33024/mahesa.v1i3.4514 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 167-175

Author(s):

Eva Marsepa ◽

Fitria Rizqiyah ◽

Rina Puspita Sari

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Motor Development ◽

Parental Behavior ◽

Preschool Age ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Test Results ◽

F Test ◽

Preschool Age Children ◽

Weak Influence

ABSTRACTS: THE EFFECT OF PARENTS BEHAVIOR ON THE MOTOR DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN IN TK CURUG DISTRICT, REGENCY TANGERANG BANTEN Background: In families, motor development can be formed both the merits of gross and fine motor skills in preschoolers depending on how fast or slow the parents teach it to the child. The data shows that the significant value of parental behavior is 0.137 while the significant value of motor development is 0.278 which shows a weak influence. Still influenced by factors or other causes outside the studied variables. Objective: To determine the effect of parental behavior on motor development of preschool children in the kindergarten Curug Subdistrict, Tangerang Regency.Conclusion: the majority of respondents had a level of influence that was less based on information obtained from the questionnaire results obtained.Researcher design: quantitative sectional methods and techniques taken by the F test and the correlation coefficient test with 100 respondents. The results of the study: the T-test based on the behavior variable shows that the T value is smaller than the Table, that is 2.347 <1.66039, then Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected, meaning that the behavior variable has no influence and is not significant to motor development with the F test table5.2.5 with a significant level of 0.05 and the degree of freedom (df) is n-1- 1 = 100 - 1 - 1 = 98. Then obtained a table of 3.94. F test results above obtained Fcount> F table 5.507> 3.94 with a significant level of 0.000 <0.05. Thus Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. With the correlation coefficient test value of R square of = 0.053, this means that the variable behavior of parents affects the child's motor development variable 05.3% so the rest is equal to the correlation shown by 100% - 05.3% = 47%. Keywords: Influence, Motor Development, Parents INTISARI: PENGARUH PERILAKU ORANG TUA TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN MOTORIK ANAK USIA PAUD DI TK CURUG KABUPATEN TANGERANG BANTEN Latar Belakang: Dalam keluarga perkembangan motorik bisa saja dibentuk baik buruknya motorik kasar dan halus pada anak usia prasekolah tergantung pada cepat atau lambatnya orang tua mengajarkannya kepada si anak. Data menunjukan bahwa nilai signifikan perilaku orang tua yaitu 0,137 sedangkan nilai signifikan perkembangan motorik yaitu 0,278 yang menunjukan pengaruh yang lemah.Masih dipegaruhi oleh faktor-faktor atau sebab-sebab yang lain di luar variabel yang diteliti.Tujuan:Untuk mengetahui pengaruh perilaku orang tua terhadap perkembangan motorikanak prasekolahdi TK Kecamatan Curug Kabupaten Tangerang.Desain peneliti:metode kuantitatif sectional dan teknik yang diambil dengan uji T uji F dan uji koefisien korelasi dengan respondent 100 orang.Hasil penelitian: dengan uji T berdasarkan pada variabel perilaku menunjukan nilai Thitung lebih kecil dari Ttabel yaitu sebesar 2.347 < 1.66039 maka Ho diterima dan Ha ditolak artinya variabel perilaku tidak berpegaruh dan tidak signifikan terhadap perkembangan motorik dengan uji F tabel 5.2.5 dengan taraf signifikan 0.05 dan derajat kebebasan (df) adalah n- 1- 1 = 100 - 1 - 1 =98. Maka diperoleh Ftabel sebesar3.94. hasil uji F diatas diperoleh Fhitung> F tabel5.507> 3.94 dengan taraf signifikan 0,000 < 0,05. Dengan demikian Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Dengan uji koefisien korelasi nilai R square sebesar = 0.053 hal ini berarti variabel perilaku orang tua mempengaruhi variabel perkembangan motorik anak 05,3% dengan demikian sisanya yaitu sebesar korelasi ditunjukan dengan 100% - 05,3% = 47%.Kesimpulan: sebagian besar respondent memiliki tingkat pengaruh yang kurang berdasarkan informasi yang didapat dari hasil kuisioner yang di dapat. Kata kunci : Pengaruh, Perkembangan Motorik, Orang Tua

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SOSIALISASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL PADA ANAK-ANAK DENGAN MEDIA PUZZLE DI KELURAHAN PENFUI TIMUR KECAMATAN KUPANG TENGAH KABUPATEN KUPANG

SELAPARANG Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan ◽

10.31764/jpmb.v3i1.1251 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 111

Author(s):

Susilo Setyo Utomo ◽

Djakariah Djakariah ◽

Jonas Thene Jonas Thene

Keyword(s):

Character Education ◽

Cultural Values ◽

Community Service ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Cognitive Skills ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Formal Learning ◽

The World ◽

The Media ◽

Logic Training

ABSTRAKPengabdian kepada Masyarakat dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Penfui Timur Kecamatan Kupang Tengah Kabupaten Kupang. Target luaran yang diharapkan melalui kegiatan ini dapat dirumuskan sebagai berikut: (1) Anak-anak di Desa Penfui Timur dapat mengembangkan karakter, selain belajar formal. (2) Anak-anak di Desa Penfui Timur dapat mengaplikasikan pengalaman dan ilmu yang kami berikan dengan sarana puzzle, selama maupun setelah kegiatan ini berlangsung. (3) Anak-anak mengenal kekayaan dan nilai-nilai sosial budaya yang mereka miliki dan mengandung nilai-nilai karakter di dalamnya yang dapat diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. (4) Anak-anak di Desa Penfui Timur dapat mencintai dan melestarikan budaya mereka. Metode yang digunakan dalam Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini didesain dalam bentuk ceramah, diskusi dan sharing pendapat baik dengan anak maupun orang tuanya dalam rangka untuk menjawab masalah yang berkaitan dengan upaya menanamkan karakter berbasis nilai-nilai kearifan lokal pada anak-anak di Penfui Timur dan permainan anak-anak dengan media puzzle. Media puzzle sangat pas untuk dipakai karena puzzle identik dengan anak yaitu dunia bermain. Puzzle juga memiliki manfaat untuk meningkatkan keterampilan kognitif, keterampilan motorik halus, keterampilan sosial, keterampilan berinteraksi dengan orang lain, melatih koordinasi mata dengan tangan, melatih logika, melatih kesabaran, dan memperluas pengetahuan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa puzzle berbasis kearifan lokal memuat nilai-nilai karakter sebagai salah satu sarana dalam mengembangkan karakter pada anak-anak. Dengan pertimbangan bahwa anak-anak lebih menyukai permainan ini karena dianggap menarik dan tidak membosankan.Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Karakter, Kearifan Lokal, Media Puzzle ABSTRACTCommunity Service is carried out in Penfui Timur Village, Kupang Tengah District, Kupang Regency. The expected output targets through this activity can be formulated as follows: (1) Children in East Penfui Village can develop their character, in addition to formal learning. (2) Children in Penfui Timur Village can apply the experience and knowledge that we provide using puzzles, both during and after this activity takes place. (3) Children recognize the wealth and socio-cultural values they have and contain character values that can be applied in daily life. (4) Children in East Penfui Village can love and preserve their culture. The method used in community service is designed in the form of lectures, discussions, and sharing of opinions both with children and their parents to answer problems related to efforts to instill character-based values of local wisdom in children in East Penfui and children's play with puzzle media. The media puzzle is very fitting to use because a puzzle is identical to children, namely the world of play. Puzzles also have benefits for improving cognitive skills, fine motor skills, social skills, interacting skills with others, training eye coordination with hands, training logic, training patience, and expanding knowledge. The results of this activity show that local wisdom-based puzzles contain character values as a means of developing character in children. With the consideration that children prefer this game because it is considered interesting and not boring. Keywords: Character Education, Local Wisdom, Media Puzzle

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Effects of a Nine-Month Physical Activity Intervention on Morphological Characteristics and Motor and Cognitive Skills of Preschool Children

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17186609 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (18) ◽

pp. 6609

Author(s):

Damjan Jaksic ◽

Sandra Mandic ◽

Nebojsa Maksimovic ◽

Zoran Milosevic ◽

Roberto Roklicer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Preschool Children ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Cognitive Skills ◽

Physical Activity Intervention ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Assessment System ◽

Control Group

(1) Background: Regular physical activity (PA) plays an important role during early childhood physical and psychological development. This study investigates the effects of a 9-month PA intervention on physiological characteristics and motor and cognitive skills in preschool children. (2) Methods: Preschool children (n = 132; age 4 to 7 years) attending regular preschool programs were nonrandomly assigned to PA intervention (n = 66; 60 min sessions twice per week) or a control group (n = 66; no additional organized PA program) for 9 months. Exercise training for the intervention group included various sports games, outdoor activities, martial arts, yoga, and dance. Anthropometry, motor skills (7 tests), and cognitive skills (Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices and Cognitive Assessment System) were assessed before and after an intervention period in both groups. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA. (3) Results: Body weight significantly increased in both groups over time. Compared to the changes observed in the control group, the intervention group significantly increased in chest circumference (p = 0.022). In contrast, the control group demonstrated an increase in waist circumference (p = 0.001), while these measures in the intervention group remained stable. Participants in the intervention group improved running speed (p = 0.016) and standing broad jump (p = 0.000). The flexibility level was maintained in the intervention group, while a significant decrease was observed in the control group (p = 0.010). Children from the intervention group demonstrated progress in the bent-arm hang test (p = 0.001), unlike the control group subjects. Varied improvements in cognitive skills were observed for different variables in both intervention and control groups, with no robust evidence for PA-intervention-related improvements. (4) Conclusions: Preschool children’s participation in a preschool PA intervention improves their motor skills.

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