scholarly journals Socio-demographic and environmental risk factors associated with multiple under-five child loss among mothers in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasel Kabir ◽  
Marwa Farag ◽  
Hyun Ja Lim ◽  
Nigatu Geda ◽  
Cindy Feng
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
Child Loss ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Abstract Background Despite the substantial decline in child mortality globally over the last decade, reducing neonatal and under-five mortality in Bangladesh remains a challenge. Mothers who experienced multiple child losses could have substantial adverse personal and public health consequences. Hence, prevention of child loss would be extremely desirable during women’s reproductive years. The main objective of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with multiple under-five child loss from the same mother in Bangladesh. Methods In this study, a total of 15,877 eligible women who had given birth at least once were identified from the 2014 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey. A variety of count regression models were considered for identifying socio-demographic and environmental factors associated with multiple child loss measured as the number of lifetime under-five child mortality (U5M) experienced per woman. Results Of the total sample, approximately one-fifth (18.9%, n = 3003) of mothers experienced at least one child’s death during their reproductive period. The regression analysis results revealed that women in non-Muslim families, with smaller household sizes, with lower education, who were more advanced in their childbearing years, and from an unhygienic environment were at significantly higher risk of experiencing offspring mortality. This study also identified the J-shaped effect of age at first birth on the risk of U5M. Conclusions This study documented that low education, poor socio-economic status, extremely young or old age at first birth, and an unhygienic environment significantly contributed to U5M per mother. Therefore, improving women’s educational attainment and socio-economic status, prompting appropriate timing of pregnancy during reproductive life span, and increasing access to healthy sanitation are recommended as possible interventions for reducing under-five child mortality from a mother. Our findings point to the need for health policy decision-makers to target interventions for socio-economically vulnerable women in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals The Risk Factors Associated With Early Age At First Birth Amongst Angolan Women: Evidence From The 2015-2016 Angola Demographic And Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tshaudi Motsima
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
Survival Functions ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Adolescent Childbearing ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Global Priority

Reducing adolescent childbearing has been a global priority since the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development. Age of a woman at first birth is significant in her life because motherhood involves a substantial commitment of time and resources, and it tends to set the stage within which other roles are assumed. There are consequences related to early age at first birth for both the mothers and the children. Data and Methods: The data used for analysis came from the 2015-2016 MIHS of Angola which was its first DHS. The 2015-2016 Angolan MIHS collected information from 14 379 women aged 15-49 years from 16 109 households. Women were asked questions around ages at which they gave births to their children. The Tarone-Ware test was used to test the equality of the survival functions. The Cox PH model was used to determine the factors that were associated with early age at first birth. Results and Conclusion: Results revealed that women who had their sexual intercourse at a young age (HR = 4.66; p < 0.001), women who never had a termination of pregnancy (HR = 1.22; p < 0.001), women who were never married (HR = 1.19; p < 0.001), women with no education (HR = 3.22; p < 0.001), women with primary education (HR = 5.08; p < 0.001), women with secondary education (HR = 5.06, p < 0.001), women of Christian religion (HR = 1.10; p = 0.035) and women who resided in informal houses (HR = 1.30; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with the risk of early age at first birth.

Socio-economic status in relation to risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease, in healthy individuals from the ATTICA study

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos ◽  
Christos Pitsavos ◽  
Yannis Manios ◽  
Evangelos Polychronopoulos ◽  
Christina A. Chrysohoou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Effect of Health Extension Service on Under-Five Child Mortality and Determinants of Under-Five Child Mortality in Derra District, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abate Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Propensity Score Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
District Health ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Score Analysis ◽  
Extension Program

Abstract Under five-child mortality is the highest in Ethiopia even though it decreased steadily in last two decades. Hence, this study aimed to identify the risk factors and effects of Health Extension Service on under-five child mortality in Derra district, Ethiopia. The study used a random sample of 446 mothers from the district and analyzed. One-fourth (23.5%) of mothers experienced at least one under-five child mortality in the last thirteen years and the propensity score analysis also indicated that utilizing and being model in HEP reduced under five child mortality by 29.84% and 15.71%, respectively. The Poisson regression model identified that Kebeles, being model in HEP, mother educational level, mother age at first birth, source of drinking water and Place of child delivery were significant risk factors of under-five child mortality per mother. Hence, the health sectors and district health offices have to work on a health extension program to increase the community awareness of basic preventive and promotive health service, and minimize risk factors of under-five child mortality.

scholarly journals Hierarchical disentanglement of contextual from compositional risk factors of diarrhoea among under-five children in low- and middle-income countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe ◽  
A. Olalekan Uthman ◽  
Latifat Ibisomi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
National Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Contextual Risk ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

AbstractSeveral studies have documented the burden and risk factors associated with diarrhoea in low and middle-income countries (LMIC). To the best of our knowledge, the contextual and compositional factors associated with diarrhoea across LMIC were poorly operationalized, explored and understood in these studies. We investigated multilevel risk factors associated with diarrhoea among under-five children in LMIC. We analysed diarrhoea-related information of 796,150 under-five children (Level 1) nested within 63,378 neighbourhoods (Level 2) from 57 LMIC (Level 3) using the latest data from cross-sectional and nationally representative Demographic Health Survey conducted between 2010 and 2018. We used multivariable hierarchical Bayesian logistic regression models for data analysis. The overall prevalence of diarrhoea was 14.4% (95% confidence interval 14.2–14.7) ranging from 3.8% in Armenia to 31.4% in Yemen. The odds of diarrhoea was highest among male children, infants, having small birth weights, households in poorer wealth quintiles, children whose mothers had only primary education, and children who had no access to media. Children from neighbourhoods with high illiteracy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.07, 95% credible interval (CrI) 1.04–1.10] rates were more likely to have diarrhoea. At the country-level, the odds of diarrhoea nearly doubled (aOR = 1.88, 95% CrI 1.23–2.83) and tripled (aOR = 2.66, 95% CrI 1.65–3.89) among children from countries with middle and lowest human development index respectively. Diarrhoea remains a major health challenge among under-five children in most LMIC. We identified diverse individual-level, community-level and national-level factors associated with the development of diarrhoea among under-five children in these countries and disentangled the associated contextual risk factors from the compositional risk factors. Our findings underscore the need to revitalize existing policies on child and maternal health and implement interventions to prevent diarrhoea at the individual-, community- and societal-levels. The current study showed how the drive to the attainment of SDGs 1, 2, 4, 6 and 10 will enhance the attainment of SDG 3.

scholarly journals Influence of socio-economic status on Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infection incidence, risk factors and clinical features

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. Adams ◽  
L. Byrne ◽  
T. C. Rose ◽  
G. K. Adak ◽  
C. Jenkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Accident And Emergency ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

Abstract Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infection can cause serious illness including haemolytic uraemic syndrome. The role of socio-economic status (SES) in differential clinical presentation and exposure to potential risk factors amongst STEC cases has not previously been reported in England. We conducted an observational study using a dataset of all STEC cases identified in England, 2010–2015. Odds ratios for clinical characteristics of cases and foodborne, waterborne and environmental risk factors were estimated using logistic regression, stratified by SES, adjusting for baseline demographic factors. Incidence was higher in the highest SES group compared to the lowest (RR 1.54, 95% CI 1.19–2.00). Odds of Accident and Emergency attendance (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.10–1.75) and hospitalisation (OR 1.71, 95% CI 1.36–2.15) because of illness were higher in the most disadvantaged compared to the least, suggesting potential lower ascertainment of milder cases or delayed care-seeking behaviour in disadvantaged groups. Advantaged individuals were significantly more likely to report salad/fruit/vegetable/herb consumption (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.16–2.17), non-UK or UK travel (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.40–2.27; OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.35–2.56) and environmental exposures (walking in a paddock, OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.22–2.70; soil contact, OR 1.52, 95% CI 2.13–1.09) suggesting other unmeasured risks, such as person-to-person transmission, could be more important in the most disadvantaged group.

Assessment of Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Risk Factors of Malaria Among Caregivers of Under-Five Children in the Buea Health District, South West Region, Cameroon

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-50
Author(s):  
Hermann Ngouakam ◽  
Mark Agbor Akongem ◽  
Timatang Tufoin Cagetan ◽  
Ariane Laure Wounang Ngueugang ◽  
Bonaventure Tientche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Malaria Risk ◽  
Health District ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Aims: The study measured the level of knowledge and attitudes towards malaria and examined associated factors among caregivers of under-five children. Study Design: The study was community-based, descriptive cross-sectional. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in Buea Health District (BHD) from February to June 2020. Methodology: Data were obtained through face-to-face interviews with the caregivers of under-fives. The above mean scores were used to determine the level of knowledge. The attitude levels were measured by using 3-point Likert scales. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with knowledge and attitude. SPSS software version 20.0 was used for analysis. Results: Out of the 390 respondents, 69.5% of them had a neutral attitude. Meanwhile, 27.7 % of participants carried a favorable attitude towards malaria and only 2.8 % of them had an unfavorable attitude, Caregivers of under-five children who scored below the mean score were 25.1 % which was considered having poor knowledge and above the mean score was 74.9% which was considered good knowledge. In the multivariable logistic analysis, caregivers with a primary school level of education were 4.1 times (AOR = 4.1, CI = 1.486-11.102) times more likely of receiving a high malaria knowledge score as compared to those with no formal education. Factors associated with caregiver's attitude level towards malaria risk were educational level and marital status which showed significant associations in the univariate analysis Conclusion: Caregivers of under-fives displayed a good knowledge of malaria risk factors. However, in these endemic areas for malaria, caregiver attitude was found to be unenthusiastic and unresponsive, and this poses additional challenges in reaching the malaria elimination goal. Thus, suggesting that educational messages during the campaign should be contextual to reach out to local communities to trigger a positive behavioural change.

scholarly journals Understanding Regional Risk Factors for Cancer: A Cluster Analysis of Lifestyle, Environment and Socio-Economic Status in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9080
Author(s):  
Dawid Majcherek ◽  
Marzenna Anna Weresa ◽  
Christina Ciecierski
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Prevention Policy ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Industrial Regions

To date, no results have been published regarding cluster analysis of risk factors for cancer in Poland. Many cancer deaths are preventable through the modification of cancer risk behaviours. This study explores the multidisciplinary connection between lifestyle, environment and socio-economic status (SES). Cluster analyses indicate that major metropolitan areas and large industrial regions differ significantly in terms of SES, lifestyle and environment when compared with other parts of Poland. Our findings show that in order for interventions to be effective, cancer-prevention policy should be addressed on both local and national scales. While anti-cancer policies in Poland’s industrial regions should focus on air pollution, the country’s northern regions should aim to curb smoking, increase sports activity and improve SES. Policy interventions must target the root causes of cancer in each region of Poland and must account for SES.

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