Association between diet quality and obesity indicators among the working-age adults in Inner Mongolia, Northern China: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background: Hypertension is a worldwide public health problem. We sought to examine the interactive associations among sodium intake, alcohol consumption and hypertension among older adult residents of Inner Mongolia in northern China.Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the National Survey for Nutrition and Adult Chronic Disease in Inner Mongolia. The prevalence of hypertension was age standardized by the direct method. Sodium intake and alcohol consumption were estimated using a weighing method and 24-hour recalls on 3 consecutive days. Hypertension was either self-reported or field-measured. Participants were categorized into six subgroups according to combinations of sodium intake status and drinking level. Logistic regression was used to determine the interactive effect of sodium intake and drinking on hypertension.Results: Of the 820 older adults who participated in this study, 523 (63.80%, age-standardized rate = 62.33%) had been diagnosed with hypertension. The mean sodium intake was 4.88 g. Sodium intake and drinking excessively were both independently related to higher risk of hypertension. A formal test for a multiplicative interaction between sodium intake and drinking revealed a significant interaction (p = 0.042), and the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for the interaction was 1.1 (1.0–1.3). After adjusting for confounders, the risk of hypertension was highest among those with both excessive sodium intake and excessive alcohol consumption, with an odds ratio of 3.6 (95% CI: 1.7–7.9).Conclusions: The study highlights the interactive effect of sodium intake and alcohol consumption on hypertension. Primary health care providers should pay special attention to older adults with hypertension—especially those with an unhealthy diet including both excessive sodium and excessive alcohol intake. These findings are applicable for older adults in Inner Mongolia and worldwide.

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The Interactive Association between Sodium Intake, Alcohol Consumption and Hypertension among Elderly in Northern China: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.2.23202/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xi Nan ◽

Haiwen Lu ◽

Jing Wu ◽

Mingming Xue ◽

Yonggang Qian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Sodium Intake ◽

Direct Method ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Northern China ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Excessive Alcohol

Abstract Background: Hypertension is a worldwide public health problem. We sought to examine the interactive association between sodium intake, alcohol consumption and hypertension among elderly residents of Inner Mongolia in Northern China.Methods: This cross-sectional study used the National Survey Data for Nutrition and Adult Chronic Disease in Inner Mongolia. The prevalence of hypertension was age standardized by direct method. Sodium intake and alcohol consumption were estimated using a weighing method and 24-hour recalls over three consecutive days. Hypertension was either self-reported or field-measured. Participants were categorized into six subgroups according to the sodium intake status and drinking levels. Logistic regression was used to determine the interactive effects between sodium intake and drinking on hypertension.Results: A total 820 elderly participated in the study, of whom 523 (63.80%, age-standardized rate 62.33%) had been diagnosed with hypertension. The mean sodium intake was 4.88g. Sodium intake and drinking excessively were both independently related to a higher risk of hypertension. Adjusting for confounders, there was interaction between sodium intake and alcohol consumption in the six subgroups, with the risk of hypertension being highest among the group with excessive sodium intake and excessive alcohol consumption, with an odds ratio of 3.639 (95% confidence interval: 1.666–7.947).Conclusions: The study highlights the interactive association between sodium intake and alcohol consumption with hypertension. Primary healthcare providers should take special consideration of those who are older age with hypertension in Inner Mongolia, especially those with an unhealthy diet including both excessive sodium and excessive alcohol intake.

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The interactive association between sodium intake, alcohol consumption and hypertension among elderly in northern China: a cross-sectional study

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02090-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xi Nan ◽

Haiwen Lu ◽

Jing Wu ◽

Mingming Xue ◽

Yonggang Qian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Sodium Intake ◽

Interactive Effect ◽

Northern China ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Excessive Alcohol

Abstract Background Hypertension is a worldwide public health problem. We sought to examine the interactive associations among sodium intake, alcohol consumption and hypertension among older adult residents of Inner Mongolia in northern China. Methods This cross-sectional study used data from the National Survey for Nutrition and Adult Chronic Disease in Inner Mongolia. The prevalence of hypertension was age standardized by the direct method. Sodium intake and alcohol consumption were estimated using a weighing method and 24-h recalls on 3 consecutive days. Hypertension was either self-reported or field-measured. Participants were categorized into six subgroups according to combinations of sodium intake status and drinking level. Logistic regression was used to determine the interactive effect of sodium intake and drinking on hypertension. Results Of the 820 older adults who participated in this study, 523 (63.80%, age-standardized rate = 62.33%) had been diagnosed with hypertension. The mean sodium intake was 4.88 g. Sodium intake and drinking excessively were both independently related to higher risk of hypertension. A formal test for a multiplicative interaction between sodium intake and drinking revealed a significant interaction (p = 0.042), and the multivariable-adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for the interaction was 1.1 (1.0–1.3). After adjusting for confounders, compared with moderate sodium intake and no drinking group, the risk of hypertension was highest among those with both excessive sodium intake and excessive alcohol consumption, with an odds ratio of 3.6 (95% CI: 1.7–7.9). Conclusions The study highlights the interactive effect of sodium intake and alcohol consumption on hypertension. Primary health care providers should pay special attention to older adults with hypertension—especially those with an unhealthy diet including both excessive sodium and excessive alcohol intake. These findings are applicable for older adults in Inner Mongolia and worldwide.

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Socioeconomic Determinants of Diet Quality on Overweight and Obesity in Adults Aged 40–59 Years in Inner Mongolia: A Cross-Sectional Study

International Journal of Public Health ◽

10.3389/ijph.2021.1604107 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 ◽

Author(s):

Yuenan Su ◽

Sha Du ◽

Min Yang ◽

Jing Wu ◽

Haiwen Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diet Quality ◽

Inner Mongolia ◽

Economic Transition ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Processed Meat ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Red And Processed Meat

Objectives: This study investigated the relationship of socioeconomic status (SES), diet quality and overweight and obesity in adults aged 40–59 years in Inner Mongolia.Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on the survey of Chronic Disease and Nutrition Monitoring in Adults in Inner Mongolia in 2015. Diet quality was evaluated by the Alternate Mediterranean Diet score (aMeds). SES was measured by household annual income. Generalized estimating equations and path analysis were performed to determine the association of SES, diet quality and overweight and obesity.Results: Among participants, 63.0% had overweight and obesity. In high SES group, 66.4% had overweight and obesity. Higher SES was associated with a higher risk of overweight and obesity (OR = 1.352, 95%CI: 1.020–1.793). And higher aMeds was associated with a lower risk of overweight and obesity (OR = 0.597, 95%CI: 0.419–0.851). There was a positive correlation between SES and the intake of red and processed meat (r = 0.132, p < 0.05). Higher intake of red and processed meat was associated with lower diet quality (β = −0.34). And lower diet quality was associated with a higher risk of overweight and obesity (β = −0.10).Conclusion: In Inner Mongolia, during the period of economic transition, people aged 40–59 years in high SES had poor diet quality, which was related to a higher risk of overweight and obesity.

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Association between obesity and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio in the middle-aged and elderly population of Southern and Northern China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040214 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. e040214

Author(s):

Shan Qin ◽

Anping Wang ◽

Shi Gu ◽

Weiqing Wang ◽

Zhengnan Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Kidney Diseases ◽

Northern China ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Urinary Albumin ◽

Creatinine Ratio ◽

Sectional Study ◽

The South ◽

Northern Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Albumin Creatinine Ratio

ObjectiveThe relationship between obesity and albuminuria has not been clarified. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between obesity and the urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) in Southern and Northern China.DesignA descriptive, cross-sectional study.SettingEight regional centres in REACTION (China’s Risk Evaluation of cAncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals, a lONgitudinal study), including Dalian, Lanzhou, Zhengzhou, Guangzhou, Guangxi, Luzhou, Shanghai and Wuhan.ParticipantsA total of 41 085 patients who were not diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and had good compliance were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Patients who were diagnosed with CKD, who had other kidney diseases that could lead to increased urinary protein excretion, who were using angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers and whose important data were missing were excluded.ResultsParticipants with both, central and peripheral obesity, had a higher risk of elevated UACR, even after adjusting for multiple factors (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.12, p<0.001), and the risk of high UACR in the South was more prominent than that in the North (OR South: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.34; OR North: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.22, p<0.001). The risk was also elevated in the male population, hypertensive individuals, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c)≥6.5% and age ≥60 years in the South. Besides the above groups, diabetes was also a risk factor for the Northern population.ConclusionsIn China, people with both central and peripheral obesity are prone to a high UACR, and the southern population has a higher risk than northern population. Factors such as male sex, hypertension, HbA1c≥6.5% and an age ≥60 years are also risk factors for CKD.

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