scholarly journals Stigma, beliefs and perceptions regarding prostate cancer among Black and Latino men and women

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Vapiwala ◽  
David Miller ◽  
Brenda Laventure ◽  
Kristina Woodhouse ◽  
Sheila Kelly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Black And Latino

Abstract Background Health disparities in prostate cancer (PC) are thought to reflect the complex interplay of socioeconomics, environment and biology. The potential impact of beliefs and perceptions about PC among Black and Latino populations on clinical disparities are not well understood. This qualitative study was conducted to assess current prevalent and pervasive stigma, beliefs and perceptions regarding PC among Blacks and Latinos living in a large metropolitan area, thereby identifying potentially modifiable barriers to care. Methods Qualitative data were collected through four separate focus groups of self-identified Black and Latino adult men and women living in Philadelphia to better understand their perceptions of PC diagnosis, screening and treatment. Each focus group was single-sex and conducted by racial/ethnic group in order to assess possible differences in beliefs about PC based on gender and racial/ethnic affiliation. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim by trained research assistants and qualitative data analysis was conducted using modified grounded theory. Results There were a total of 34 participants: 19 Hispanics/Latinos and 15 Blacks, with equal numbers of men and women (n=17). Median age was 57 years (range: 18 to 85 years). Dominant themes that emerged with respect to PC diagnosis included the stigma surrounding this condition and the perceived role of an “unhealthy lifestyle” and certain sexual behaviors as risk factors for PC development. While the majority of participants acknowledged the importance of PC screening and early detection, discussion centered around the barriers to both the interest in seeking medical care and the likelihood of securing it. These barriers included misunderstanding of PC etiology, distrust of the medical profession, and financial/access limitations. Men expressed substantial confusion about PC screening guidelines. In the Black female group, the role of faith and religion in the course of disease was a major theme. Both Black and Latina females discussed the role of fear and avoidance around PC screening and treatment, as well as the prevalence of misinformation about PC in their familial and social communities. Conclusion Black and Latino focus groups revealed the existence of cultural beliefs, misunderstandings and fears pertaining to PC which could influence health-related behaviors. Some themes were common across groups; others suggested racial and gender predilections. Future targeted efforts focused on directly addressing prevalent misperceptions among underserved communities in urban settings could help to improve health literacy and equity in PC outcomes in these populations.

scholarly journals UNCOVERING PRODUCTION FLOWS FROM SMALL FARMS: RESULTS FROM POLAND AND PORTUGAL CASE STUDIES

2019 ◽  
Vol XXI (3) ◽  
pp. 49-61
Author(s):  
Marta Czekaj ◽  
Paola Hernández ◽  
Ana Fonseca ◽  
Maria Rivera ◽  
Katarzyna Żmija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Food System ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Small Farmers ◽  
Small Farms ◽  
Regional Food ◽  
Product Maps ◽  
The Impact

This study is an attempt to assess the impact of small farms (SF) on the regional food product circulation of specific key products in selected, fragmented, agrarian regions in Poland and Portugal. The empirical study is based on the analysis of food product maps which were developed based on data from a survey conducted among owners of small farms and small food businesses at focus group meetings and workshops organized in 2017 and 2018 in the Nowotarski and Nowosądecki subregions in Poland and in the Alentejo Central and Oeste subregions in Portugal. Qualitative data analysis was conducted using uniform methodology. In each of the subregions, focus groups helped to confront the assumptions resulting from surveys and corroborate the flows and fluxes described in the developed food product maps. Data collected during focus groups were enriched by data gathered during regional workshops that focused on food system governance. It was concluded that food product maps indicate interesting relationship flows of small farmers’ products along the food system, highlighting the role of fluxes connecting small farmers with other actors regarding specific key products. Several similarities and disparities between regional KP production flows in the Portuguese and Polish subregions, based on the type of key product, the various distribution channels and farming capacities present in each subregion were observed.

scholarly journals Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Experiences in Youth With Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Depression: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Qualitative Study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Ewais ◽  
Jakob Begun ◽  
Maura Kenny ◽  
Alan Headey ◽  
Steve Kisely
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

BACKGROUND Mindfulness-based programs are increasingly used as a part of integrated treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the majority of research has been quantitative with limited qualitative exploration of patients’ experiences of mindfulness programs and no studies among adolescents and young adults with IBD. Furthermore, there has been a paucity of research exploring the role of common psychotherapy and group factors within mindfulness programs. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the experiences of adolescents and young adults with IBD and depression who completed a mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) group program, as well as the role of therapeutic alliance, group affiliation, and other common psychotherapy and group factors. METHODS This mixed methods qualitative study, nested within a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of MBCT for adolescents and young adults with IBD, will obtain qualitative data from focus groups and open-ended survey questions. The study aims to conduct three to four focus groups with 6-8 participants in each group. It will employ data and investigator triangulation as well as thematic analysis of the qualitative data. RESULTS The study was approved by the Mater Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee and recruitment commenced in May 2019; study completion is anticipated by early 2020. CONCLUSIONS The study will contribute to the assessment of acceptability and feasibility of the MBCT program for adolescents and young adults with IBD. It will also elucidate the role of previously unexplored common psychotherapy and group factors within mindfulness training and help inform the design of a future large-scale RCT of MBCT in this cohort. CLINICALTRIAL Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) ACTRN12617000876392; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=373115 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR PRR1-10.2196/14432

Exploring African American males' attitudes towards genetic testing for prostate cancer risk.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13552-e13552
Author(s):  
Amy Leader ◽  
Thierry Fortune ◽  
Pamela Weddington ◽  
Nicole Crumpler ◽  
Veda N. Giri
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
African American ◽  
Genetic Counseling ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Family History ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Primary Care Visit ◽  
Health History ◽  
Counseling And Testing

e13552 Background: African American (AA) males have disproportionately high prostate cancer (PCA) incidence and mortality rates compared to men of other races. While genetic testing for PCA is rapidly expanding, AA men represent fewer than 10% of those who undergo genetic counseling and testing. Barriers for AA males may include a lack of awareness or understanding, cultural beliefs, financial and access-to-care limitations, fear of discrimination, and mistrust in the healthcare system. These issues may be exacerbated among low-income, urban AA males. Methods: We conducted two focus groups with AA males who live in a low-resource neighborhood in a major US city to explore their understanding about PCA, challenges in obtaining and discussing family health history, and attitudes towards genetic counseling and testing. Prior to the start of the focus groups, men provided informed consent and completed a brief survey to capture demographic and health history information. Focus groups were moderated by a male member of the community, were audio and video recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were analyzed using NVivo 12 to deduce themes within the discussions. Results: Seventeen men participated in one of two focus groups. The mean age was 54 years old (range: 40-66). Only 5 men (30%) were married. Ten men (60%) did not report a family history of PCA, while the remaining 7 reported that their father, grandfather, brother or uncle had PCA. All men had a primary care visit in the past 3 years, but only 13 out of 17 men (76%) reported discussing PCA. Focus group discussions and analyses revealed multiple key themes. Men had limited understanding of the prostate and PCA, with somewhat fatalistic views toward cancer. Family history was recognized as an important risk factor for cancer; talking about family history has become easier and more widely accepted. However, there was mixed reaction to genetic testing: most men were unfamiliar with it but were in favor of learning more, while a few did not see the utility of genetic information. Conclusions: AA men continue to have knowledge deficits about PCA. While there is strong understanding that cancer may be hereditary, there is less awareness about PCA genetic testing. Targeted genetic education and addressing access and cost barriers to genetic testing among AA males is needed to increase uptake of genetic testing and participation in genetic trials.

Information Desired and Acquired by Men With Prostate Cancer: Data From Ethnic Focus Groups

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally L. Maliski ◽  
Sarah Connor ◽  
Arlene Fink ◽  
Mark S. Litwin
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Cancer Information ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Baseline Knowledge

Informationand understandingare needed so that men with prostate cancer can effectively manage and cope with their disease. Although research has shown that cultural beliefs and practices influence the way people access health-related knowledge, little research has addressed how ethnicity affects the information desired and received among low-income men with prostate cancer. This research sought to (a) describe baseline knowledge at diagnosis, information subsequently received, information sources utilized, and knowledge believed to have been helpful and (b) explore differences in desired information among men of various ethnicities. Six ethnicityspecific focus groups among men diagnosed with prostate cancer were conducted. With content analysis, themes emerging from each focus group were identified and compared. Results highlight disparities in the pros tate cancer information desired and acquired by men of different ethnicities.

scholarly journals Policies or Prices? A Gendered Analysis of Drivers of Maize Production in Malawi and Zambia, 2002–13

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Prowse ◽  
Ellen Hillbom
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Men And Women

Maize is the basis for both agricultural production and food consumption in many areas of Southern Africa. This chapter presents a longitudinal study on changes in maize production based on Afrint data for Malawi and Zambia. It compares the extent to which farms managed by men and women have experienced such changes and identifies the factors driving the processes. It also locates the discussion within the context of government agricultural policies, especially fertilizer subsidy schemes, and trends in global as well as national maize prices. As a complement to Afrint I, II, and III rounds of data collection the chapter utilizes qualitative data collected in Malawi and Zambia in 2012 and 2016 containing interviews with key informants, households, and focus groups.

scholarly journals Investigation on “gender” and “area of study” stereotypes among Irish third level students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Chatzi ◽  
Catriona Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Interest In Science ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Attitude Importance ◽  
International Trends ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Area Of Study

Since the industrial revolution, we have witnessed the slow but steady change of the female identity from the single role of housewives raising their children to highly educated and professional individuals. Furthermore, the pursue of similar opportunities for both men and women in all areas of study and work, led to the investigation of the different stereotypes, regarding gender and area of study among men and women. A survey was conducted on Irish third level students to investigate the gender-area of study stereotypes among Irish third level students. A quantitative analysis was performed on the data collected, to identify the differences in the gender-area of study stereotypes of the two groups (females and males) of the participants. The study’s results indicate that males were higher scored as better performers in mathematics and having more ‘natural’ interest in Science. Also, men scored higher as the gender having personal preference, attitude, importance to be knowledgeable in Science and Mathematics. The results of this paper’s study, which align with the current international trends, indicate that the gender-area of study stereotype in favour of men still exists, especially within the female group of participants.

One Size Doesn’t Fit All

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janne E. Gaub ◽  
Natalie Todak ◽  
Michael D. White
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Potential Utility ◽  
Police Departments ◽  
Policy And Procedure

Although body-worn cameras (BWCs) have diffused rapidly in law enforcement both in the United States and abroad, questions have emerged regarding the potential utility of BWCs for specialized police units. Given the near-sole focus on patrol during BWC implementation, the role of specialty units in BWC deployment is often overlooked. Further, the advantages, disadvantages, and challenges associated with BWCs may be unique for specialty units compared to patrol, given their differences in mission and operational focus. We explore this issue using qualitative data from 17 focus groups with 72 officers assigned to specialty units in two midsize Western police departments. The findings highlight the importance of carefully considering unit mission when making decisions about BWCs, especially related to policy and procedure.

scholarly journals Mentoring Characteristics and Functions Important to Men and Women within Intercollegiate Athletic Administration

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-24
Author(s):  
Glenna Bower ◽  
Mary Hums ◽  
Sarah Williams
Keyword(s):  
Ncaa Division I ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Division I ◽  
Athletic Administration ◽  
Athletic Administrators ◽  
Intercollegiate Athletic ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Psychosocial Benefits ◽  
Career Benefits

Female athletic administrators were asked about the role of mentoring in their careers as women while male athletic administrators were asked about the role of mentoring in their careers as men working in intercollegiate athletic administration.  The researchers gathered and compared information on mentor characteristics as well as career and psychosocial benefits of having a mentor. Participants were 518 female and 778 male athletic administrators working at NCAA Division I, II, and IIII, NAIA, NCCAA, and NJCAA schools. A three-step content-analytic procedure was used to analyze the qualitative data. Men identified being trustworthy, supportive, respected, and a good listener while women identified being supportive, hardworking, and knowledgeable as the most important mentor characteristics. Men most frequently named coaching and challenging assignments as career benefits from mentors while women named exposure/visability and coaching. Both men and women most frequently identified counseling and role modeling as psychosocial benefits from mentors.

scholarly journals A Cock in the Henhouse

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-85
Author(s):  
Dick P. H. Barelds ◽  
Pieternel Dijkstra ◽  
Odette van Brummen-Girigori
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Constituent Part ◽  
Mating Psychology

Abstract. The present study’s primary aim was to examine the effect of an imbalanced sex ratio on the Dark Triad traits, three types of jealousy, and their relations. For this purpose, data were collected in the Netherlands ( n = 297) and Curaçao ( n = 199). Curaçao is a constituent part of the Netherlands, but has, contrary to the Netherlands, a highly imbalanced sex ratio. We expected the Dark Triad traits to be positively related to anxious and preventive jealousy, but not to reactive jealousy (Hypothesis 1), and, in addition, these relations to be more pronounced in Curaçao than in the Netherlands (Hypothesis 2). Furthermore, it was expected that Curaçaoan men would score higher on the Dark Triad traits than Dutch men (Hypothesis 3), and that Curaçaoan men and women would, overall, report higher levels of jealousy than Dutch men and women (Hypothesis 4). Results largely supported Hypotheses 1, 2, and 4, but not Hypothesis 3. Results are discussed in relation to the role of sex ratio and the cultural beliefs that may accompany it. The current study’s findings may provide new insights into the role of the Dark Triad traits in mating psychology.

scholarly journals MP34-05 ROLE OF CONTINUITY OF CARE IN RACIAL ETHNIC DISPARITY IN PROSTATE CANCER CARE AND OUTCOMES

2018 ◽  
Vol 199 (4S) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravishankar Jayadevappa ◽  
S Bruce Malkowicz ◽  
J Sanford Schwartz ◽  
Sumedha Chhatre
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Continuity Of Care ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Ethnic Disparity ◽  
Racial Ethnic
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