scholarly journals Qualitative perspectives of the North Carolina healthy food small retailer program among customers in participating stores located in food deserts

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey Haynes-Maslow ◽  
Stephanie B. Jilcott Pitts ◽  
Kathryn A. Boys ◽  
Jared T. McGuirt ◽  
Sheila Fleischhacker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Food Deserts ◽  
State Legislature ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
The State ◽  
The North

Abstract Background The North Carolina Healthy Food Small Retailer Program (NC HFSRP) was established through a policy passed by the state legislature to provide funding for small food retailers located in food deserts with the goal of increasing access to and sales of healthy foods and beverages among local residents. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively examine perceptions of the NC HFSRP among store customers. Methods Qualitative interviews were conducted with 29 customers from five NC HFSRP stores in food deserts across eastern NC. Interview questions were related to shoppers’ food and beverage purchases at NC HFSRP stores, whether they had noticed any in-store efforts to promote healthier foods and beverages, their suggestions for promoting healthier foods and beverages, their familiarity with and support of the NC HFSRP, and how their shopping and consumption habits had changed since implementation of the NC HFSRP. A codebook was developed based on deductive (from the interview guide questions) and inductive (emerged from the data) codes and operational definitions. Verbatim transcripts were double-coded and a thematic analysis was conducted based on code frequency, and depth of participant responses for each code. Results Although very few participants were aware of the NC HFSRP legislation, they recognized changes within the store. Customers noted that the provision of healthier foods and beverages in the store had encouraged them to make healthier purchase and consumption choices. When a description of the NC HFSRP was provided to them, all participants were supportive of the state-funded program. Participants discussed program benefits including improving food access in low-income and/or rural areas and making healthy choices easier for youth and for those most at risk of diet-related chronic diseases. Conclusions Findings can inform future healthy corner store initiatives in terms of framing a rationale for funding or policies by focusing on increased food access among vulnerable populations.

scholarly journals (M.A. thesis) Migration schedules by age and characterization of migrants in the micro-regions of Goiás and the Federal District, 1975–1979 and 1986–1990

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto F. L. Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Federal District ◽  
The State ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Migrant Population ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
The North ◽  
High Level

Title in Portuguese: Funções de migração por idade e caracterização de migrantes das microrregiões de Goiás e Distrito Federal, 1975-1979 e 1986-1990(Dissertação de Mestrado)(M.A. Thesis)Since the 70’s, the Brazilian Middle-West Region has experienced an important modernization process in agricultural and industrial activities, which has led to an employment retraction and migration flows, especially from rural areas to the major metropolitan cities of the region. In this research the focus of analysis are the State of Goiás and the Federal District, which encompasses Brasília, the capital of Brazil. In order to understand the new population configuration, the region was divided into four sub-areas (micro-region of Goiânia, micro-region of Entorno de Brasília, the Federal District, and a group of 16 micro-regions of Goiás) and the patterns of migration, by age and sex, were estimated for the periods 1975-1979 and 1986-1991. In addition, differences between native and migrant population of each sub-area, according to the participation in the labor force, income, education and type of migration were investigated. The analysis was performed on the basis of the 1980 and 1991 Brazilian Census data.In the intra-state migration, the fluxes between the micro-region of Goiânia and the 16 other micro-regions of Goiás, and between the Federal District and the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília were the most important. In the inter-state migration, the flux from the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and the North region to the 16 micro-regions of Goiás, as well as the flux from Northeast, Southeast and South to the Federal District were significant. But there was a decline in the migration to the Federal District, between 1975-1979 and 1986-1991, while, in the same period, the migration to the Entorno of Brasília increased.The chance of the migrant population in the micro-region of Goiânia and in the Federal District to have worked in the last 12 months prior to census interview was lower than that of the native population. However, those who migrated from the Federal District to the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília had higher chance to have worked in the formal sector than those who did not migrate. Migrants who moved from the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília and the 16 other micro-regions of Goiás to the micro-region of Goiânia had lower wages than the non-migrant population. The lowest level of wages was recorded for the migrants to the 16 other micro-regions of Goiás. Migrants living in the Federal District had high level of education, while those migrants living in the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília had low level of education.In 1986-1990, the micro-regions of Goiânia and Entorno de Brasília, as well as the 16 other micro-regions of Goiás, presented a high percentage of returned migrants. In the same period, a major proportion of migrants to the micro-region of Entorno de Brasília had first moved from Southeast or from the Federal District to others regions. In addition, there was a considerable proportion of migrants with low income who had moved from Northeast to the Federal District and then to the micro-region of the Entorno de Brasília.Future research could focus other areas or regions of Brazil, and could also explore the same kind of analysis, on the basis of the incoming 2000 Brazilian Census, which requires the development of new techniques, as it did not collect information on the city of previous residence, but only on the state of residence.

Food Sovereignty, Food Access, and the Local Food Movement in Southeastern North Carolina

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 446-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Hossfeld ◽  
E. Brooke Kelly ◽  
Erin O’Donnell ◽  
Julia Waity
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Local Food ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Local Food Movement ◽  
The Right

Food sovereignty is about the right to healthy food and the right to have control over one’s food. This article examines opportunities and challenges in the efforts of Feast Down East (FDE), a local food systems movement in Southeastern North Carolina, to develop a food sovereignty program linking limited resource consumers and growers in an effort to provide access to healthy, affordable, and culturally appropriate foods in a low-income community. Several FDE initiatives attempt to address common problems in limited resource communities, such as food insecurity, food access, and knowledge about healthy food preparation. “Fresh markets,” which are run by low-income consumers and sell affordable produce, link limited resource farmers to urban, low-income public housing neighborhoods. Nutrition and cooking classes are offered at the market sites, and recipes are distributed at the point of sale. FDE’s Food Sovereignty Program also partners with other organizations, such as Food Corps to raise awareness about healthy eating in schools, and two local nonprofits to provide fresh produce boxes to low-income residents. Surveys of 16 program participants conducted by extension leaders indicate increases in food security, healthy eating habits, and physical activity among participants. Semistructured interviews with four community resident leaders illuminate some of the barriers of neighborhood effects and other challenges in cultivating food sovereignty, such as living conditions, politics of place, and broader inequalities. Additional initiatives that address food sovereignty in limited resource communities are needed as a means of expanding access and gaining additional knowledge about challenges in doing so.

Determine the Food Access among Low-Income Households in Rural Area, Kedah, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-222
Author(s):  
Ahmad Zubir Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Food Deserts ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Geographical Factors ◽  
Low Income Households

Objective - This study aims to determine the low-income group in rural areas to food access. This study also determines the main source of choice for this group to get food. Methodology - This study was conducted in Baling, Sik, and Padang Terap districts in Kedah. There is 200 respondent involved in this study. Findings - The results showed that 97.87% of low-income households in Baling, 82.36% in Sik, and 71.43% in Padang Terap had low food access status and were prone to food deserts areas. Low -income households in the area prefer grocery stores for food access over supermarkets. A large number of low-income households access food at the supermarket once a month causing geographical factors. Novelty - In conclusion, policymakers need to determine the measurement and assessment of food deserts in rural areas in Malaysia. Kedai Rakyat 1 Malaysia (KR1M) and the KedaiRuncit Transformation Program (TUKAR) can be re-implemented with the improvement of their implementation structure to improve food access in rural areas. Type of Paper - Empirical. Keywords: Food Access; Low-Income Households; Food Deserts; Rural Area; Kedah

scholarly journals A community-based system dynamics approach suggests solutions for improving healthy food access in a low-income urban environment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. e0216985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeeli Mui ◽  
Ellis Ballard ◽  
Eli Lopatin ◽  
Rachel L. J. Thornton ◽  
Keshia M. Pollack Porter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Healthy Food Access

Exploring the accountability relationship between non-profit organisations and the state auditor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne G. Carman
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
The State ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The North ◽  
Audit Reports

This article explores the accountability relationship between the state auditor’s office and non-profit organisations by examining the audit reports prepared by the North Carolina State Auditor’s Office for non-profit organisations from 2009 to 2018. The data collected for this study show that the extent to which the state auditor conducts audits of non-profit organisations is fairly limited. Yet, when it does audit them, it is doing so to police their behaviours, monitor their expenditures and ensure that they are being good stewards with the resources they have been given. The findings from this study have important implications, in that they suggest that other accountability mechanisms continue to be important, including: training and education for board members about their legal and fiduciary responsibilities; the importance of adhering to best practices and standards; and the important role that third-party watchdog organisations and accreditors can play in ensuring non-profit accountability.

The Big Map

2021 ◽  
pp. 168-190
Author(s):  
Brad Edmondson
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Human Impact ◽  
State Legislature ◽  
The State ◽  
Adirondack Park ◽  
Board Members ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
The North ◽  
Land Use Plan ◽  
Boundary Lines

This chapter tells the story of how the early Adirondack Park Agency (APA) struggled to meet the state's assignments. It details what the state legislature gave to the early APA: an extremely ambitious to-do list and a ridiculously small budget. Much of the work depended on the men who had also worked for the Temporary Study Commission (TSC). The chapter analyses the story of George Davis who turned the idea for his dissertation into a big map that transformed life in the North Country. Davis's passion was protecting land that he thought should remain free of human impact. His thesis would compile data to show which Adirondack lands were suitable for development and which should remain undisturbed. The chapter then shifts with the APA chairman, Richard Lawrence who overcame opposition on several fronts as he struggled to maintain a working majority of board members, and the tireless work of Peter Paine, a well-connected lawyer, who argued stridently for the two plans. Ultimately, the chapter explains the significance of the APA map project. It argues that map making was important because the legal requirements for the land use plan were unusual, as most land use laws use text to describe the boundary lines of the area being regulated.

Infrastructure, wildlife tourism, (il)legible populations: A comparative study of two districts in contemporary Botswana

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1074-1095
Author(s):  
Annette Alfina LaRocco
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
State Power ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
The State ◽  
State Control ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Wildlife Tourism ◽  
The North ◽  
Relationship Of

This article interrogates how the provision (or absence) of state infrastructure such as roads, bridges, permanent buildings, water reticulation, electricity, and transport facilities in regions hosting the lucrative tourism industry is linked to state control and regulation of the use of space, as well as the daily lives of conservation-adjacent citizens. Using the dialectic of legibility and illegibility in the context of Botswana’s expansive wildlife tourism industry, it examines how ambiguous government expansions and retractions of infrastructure function as mechanisms of state-building in relation to the natural environment. In Botswana’s western region, the provision of infrastructure draws out previously sparsely populated and seasonally mobile people from “the bush” to live in state-sanctioned villages, pulling them into a relationship of “legibility” with the state. However, in the north, where the bulk of the tourism industry is based, the calculus is different. The allocation of infrastructure is delayed or denied in order to maintain the fiction of a people-free wilderness that appeals to foreign tourist consumers—pushing local people into “illegibility”. The myth of a people-less wilderness produces highly differentiated modes of state intervention in rural areas, shifting local peoples’ ability to interface with the state, the tourism industry, and other citizens. This article conceptualizes illegibility not as a form of resistance to, or avoidance of, state power but in the unique context produced by enclave wildlife tourism, an alternative manifestation of state power.

scholarly journals Does Healthy Food Cost More in Poor Neighborhoods? An Analysis of Retail Food Cost and Spatial Competition

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick L. Hatzenbuehler ◽  
Jeffrey M. Gillespie ◽  
Carol E. O'Neil
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Baton Rouge ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Spatial Competition ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Food Market ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Retail Food

The organization of the Baton Rouge, Louisiana, retail food industry was analyzed to determine whether spatial competition influenced the cost and availability of food items. Using a spatial competition gravity variable, the costs of two separate market baskets were analyzed in January 2009, and the factors influencing spatial competition were determined. Store type (chain or supercenter) was found to be the most significant determinant of food costs, validating findings of past studies. Although food was not found to be more expensive in low-income areas, results suggest that residents in low-income and rural areas have disincentives to purchase affordable, available healthy food due to the spatial organization of their local food market.

Seeing No Evil

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandy Smith-Nonini
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
The State ◽  
Farm Labor ◽  
Guest Workers ◽  
Regulatory Oversight ◽  
The North ◽  
Revenue Streams ◽  
Crop Agriculture ◽  
The Relationship

Labor relations are a paramount consideration in crop agriculture, a labor-intensive industry that is dependent on land. The U.S. government has long regulated the supply of foreign farm labor on behalf of agribusiness, and that role became more critical as the industry restructured itself in the competitive neoliberal climate since the early 1990s. The H2A program, which permits quasi-private labor brokers to import Mexican “guest workers” for seasonal work on U.S. farms, expanded after 1990 into states in the mid-South, which was also experiencing new flows of undocumented immigrants. North Carolina emerged as the state importing the most H2A workers. This chapter draws on the case of the North Carolina Growers Association, the state's large H2A brokerage, to examine the relationship between the neoliberal state and guest workers during the 1990s. It shows that during the 1990s, the North Carolina H2A program morphed into a model of contractual labor relations that represented a case of “government by proxy,” not unlike other public-private partnerships formed in the neoliberal era. In this case, the state delegated responsibility for labor supply manipulation, control of workers, and regulatory oversight directly to private brokers who publicly represented and shared revenue streams with agribusiness growers.

Now and Then: Fiber Meets Fibonacci; The Shape of Things to Come

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-262
Author(s):  
Art Johnson
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
North America ◽  
Smithsonian Institution ◽  
The State ◽  
The North ◽  
To Come ◽  
Basket Maker

AN OLD SAYING GOES SOMETHING LIKE THIS, “ARTISTS ARE born, not made.” For Billie Ruth Sudduth, this statement is not quite true. Billie Ruth, who lives in the North Carolina mountains, makes baskets that are prized by collectors from all across North America and have been displayed in the Renwick Gallery of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. She is internationally known for her basket artistry and was the first woman to be designated a Living Treasure by the state of North Carolina. But she was not always a basket maker.

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