scholarly journals Operatively treated ankle fractures in Switzerland, 2002–2012: epidemiology and associations between baseline characteristics and fracture types

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Vieira Cardoso ◽  
Victor Dubois-Ferrière ◽  
Axel Gamulin ◽  
Christophe Baréa ◽  
Pablo Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Ankle Fractures ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Trimalleolar Fractures ◽  
The Us ◽  
Trimalleolar Fracture ◽  
Fracture Types

Abstract Background Ankle fractures are common, and their incidence has been increasing. Previous epidemiological studies have been conducted in the US, Scandinavia, and Scotland. Our objectives were to provide a current epidemiological overview of operatively treated ankle fractures and to evaluate the influence of age, sex, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities on fracture types. Methods We performed a population-based epidemiological study of all ankle fractures treated operatively in a 10- year period from 2002 to 2012. Results Two thousand forty-five ankle fractures were operated upon. Men and women differed significantly in age (median 41 vs. 57 years old), obesity (16% vs. 23%), diabetes (5% vs. 10%), smoking (45% vs. 24%), and accident type (daily activities 48% vs. 79%, transportation 24% vs. 9%, sports 21% vs. 8%) respectively. Overall, there were 2% Weber A, 77% Weber B, and 21% Weber C fractures; 54% were uni-, 25% bi-, and 21% trimalleolar; 7.5% of all fractures were open. Weber C fractures were much more frequent among men and with higher BMI (lowest vs. highest category: 14% vs. 32%), but slightly less frequent with older age and among current smokers. Trimalleolar fractures were twice as frequent in women and increased with age. Conclusion Men and women differed substantially in age, lifestyle factors, comorbidities, accident type, and type of ankle fracture. Male sex and higher BMI were more frequently associated with Weber C fractures, whereas female sex and older age were associated with trimalleolar fracture. The risk for severe fracture increased linearly with the degree of obesity.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Fertility History and Incident Dementia in the US Health and Retirement Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Gemmill ◽  
Jordan Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Population Based ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Health And Retirement Study ◽  
Age At First Birth ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Retirement Study

ObjectivesAn emerging literature suggests that fertility history, which includes measures of parity and birth timing, may influence cognitive health in older ages, especially among women given their differential exposure to pregnancy and sex hormones. Yet, few studies have examined associations between measures of fertility history and incident dementia in a population-based sample.MethodsWe examined the associations between parity, younger age at first birth, and older age at last birth with incident dementia over a 16-year period in a prospective sample of 15,361 men and women aged 51-100 years at baseline in 2000 drawn from the Health and Retirement Study. We used Cox regression and the Fine and Gray model from which we obtained cause-specific (csHRs) and subdistribution hazard ratios (sdHRs) for incident dementia from gender-stratified models in which we accounted for the semi-competing risk of death.ResultsDuring the follow-up period (median 13.0 years), the crude incidence rate for dementia was 16.6 and 19.9 per 1,000 person-years for men and women, respectively. In crude models estimating csHRs, higher parity (vs. parity 2) and younger age at first birth were associated with increased risk of dementia for both genders. These associations did not persist after full covariate adjustment. Across all models in which we estimated sdHRs, we observed a positive relationship between older age at last birth and incident dementia for women only.DiscussionIn this population-based, multi-ethnic cohort, we observed limited evidence for an association between measures of fertility history and incident dementia among men and women after adjusting for potential confounders.

scholarly journals Management of trimalleolar fracture in Sanglah hospital: a case series

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 278
Author(s):  
I Wayan Subawa ◽  
Hafidz Addatuang Ambong ◽  
Trimanto Wibowo ◽  
I Gede Mahardika Putra
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Ankle Fractures ◽  
Closed Fracture ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Left Ankle ◽  
Car Accidents ◽  
Trimalleolar Fractures ◽  
Trimalleolar Fracture ◽  
Male Experience ◽  
Sporting Activities

Trimalleolar fractures are one of the most complex fracture around ankle. This study aims to assess the functional outcome and result of the surgical treatment for trimalleolar fracture. Case 1: A 49-years-old male experience closed fracture left ankle Lauge-Hansen PER type IV caused by traffic accident. Patient present with swollen and painful around ankle with an inability to bear weight on the affected extremity. Case 2: A 36-years-old female sustained closed fracture at right trimalleolar ankle, closed fracture at right talus nondisplace Hawkins I, and closed fracture at second, third, and fourth metatarsal. Case 3: A 57-years-old female came with history the left ankle twisted after got slipped and fell down at the yard. Patient was diagnosed by closed fracture left ankle Lauge Hansen SER type IV. Ankle fracture mostly happen in young men and older women during sporting activities or even bicycle or car accidents. The Lauge-Hansen system classify the fracture based on the postion and the direction of the ankle when trauma happen. The AOFAS was use for evaluation patient-relevant outcomes in patients operated on with anatomical ankle injury. In or present study of 3 patients with ankle fractures that were unstable, displaced or both treated surgically by open reduction with internal fixation in accordance with Lauge-Hansen classification. The result in our series confirm that all of 3 patients have a good result based on AOFAS scoring for evaluation the treatment and it means the management approve the good functional outcomes for the patients with ankle fractures.

Socio-Demographic Correlates of Prolonged Television Viewing Time in Australian Men and Women: The AusDiab Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 595-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bronwyn Kay Clark ◽  
Takemi Sugiyama ◽  
Genevieve N. Healy ◽  
Jo Salmon ◽  
David W. Dunstan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Television Viewing ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes

Background:Sedentary behaviors, particularly television viewing (TV) time, are associated with adverse health outcomes in adults, independent of physical activity levels. These associations are stronger and more consistent for women than for men.Methods:Multivariate regression models examined the sociodemographic correlates of 2 categories of TV time (≥2 hours/day and ≥4 hours/day); in a large, population-based sample of Australian adults (4950 men, 6001 women; mean age 48.1 years, range 25–91) who participated in the 1999/2000 Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study.Results:Some 46% of men and 40% of women watched ≥ 2 hours TV/day; 9% and 6% respectively watched ≥ 4 hours/day. For both men and women, ≥2 hours TV/day was associated with less than tertiary education, living outside of state capital cities, and having no paid employment. For women, mid and older age (45−64 and 65+) were also significant correlates of ≥2 hours TV/day. Similar patterns of association were observed in those viewing ≥4 hours/day.Conclusions:Prolonged TV time is associated with indices of social disadvantage and older age. These findings can inform the understanding of potential contextual influences and guide preventive initiatives.

scholarly journals Patterns and predictors of mortality in a semi-urban population-based cohort in Sri Lanka: findings from the Ragama Health Study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e038772
Author(s):  
Anuradhani Kasturiratne ◽  
Dileepa Senajith Ediriweera ◽  
Shamila Thivanshi De Silva ◽  
Madunil Anuk Niriella ◽  
Uthuru Beddage Thulani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality ◽  
Harmful Alcohol

ObjectiveTo describe patterns and predictors of mortality in a semi-urban population in Sri Lanka.DesignA prospective population-based cohort study.SettingRagama Medical Officer of Health area in the Gampaha district, Sri Lanka.ParticipantsAdults between 35 and 64 years of age were recruited using an age stratified random sampling technique in 2007.MeasuresAt baseline, we recorded socio-demographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, biochemical and clinical data of the participants. Over 10 years, we obtained the cause and date of death from the death registration documents of deceased participants. We determined the survival probability of the cohort over 10 years and estimated Hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality (ACM), cardiovascular mortality (CVM) and cancer-related mortality (CRM) using Cox’s proportional hazards model. We also estimated the survival probabilities for men and women in each 10-year age group and standardised mortality ratio relative to the source population.ResultsThere were 169 deaths over 10 years with standardised mortality rates of 5.3 and 2.4 per 1000 years of follow-up for men and women, respectively. Independent predictors of: ACM were older age, lower income, smoking and diabetes mellitus while gender, education, occupation, harmful alcohol use, waist circumference and hypertension were not; CVM were older age, lower income, smoking, diabetes and hypertension while gender and harmful alcohol use were not; CRM was older age while gender, smoking and diabetes were not. Those engaged in clerical and technical occupations or unemployed had a lower risk of CRM as compared with those engaged in elementary occupations.ConclusionsOlder age, lower income, smoking, diabetes and hypertension strongly predict mortality in this cohort. Addressing the identified modifiable predictors through behavioural modification will improve longevity in similar populations.

scholarly journals Cohort Profile: HealthWise Wales. A research register and data collection and analysis platform with linkage to NHS datasets in Wales

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Hurt ◽  
Pauline Ashfield-Watt ◽  
Julia Townson ◽  
Luke Heslop ◽  
Lauren Copeland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Healthcare Data ◽  
Demographic Subgroups ◽  
Analysis Platform

AbstractPurposeRecruitment and follow-up in epidemiological studies is challenging, time-consuming and expensive. Combining online data collection with a register of individuals who agree to be contacted with information on research opportunities provides an efficient, cost-effective platform for population-based research. HealthWise Wales (HWW) aims to support researchers by recruiting a cohort of “research-ready” individuals; advertising relevant studies to these participants; providing access to cohort data for secondary analyses; and supporting data collection on specific topics that can be linked with healthcare data.ParticipantsAdults (aged 16 and above) living or receiving their healthcare in Wales are eligible for inclusion. Participants consent to be followed-up every 6 months; for their details to be used to access their routinely-collected NHS records for research purposes; to be contacted about research projects in which they could participate; and to be informed about involvement or engagement opportunities. Data are collected using a web-based application, with new questionnaires added every six months. Data collection on socio-demographic and lifestyle factors is repeated at two-to-three year intervals. Recruitment is ongoing, with 21,779 active participants (alive and currently registered).Findings to date99% of participants have complete information on age and sex, and 64% have completed questionnaires on socio-demographic and lifestyle factors. These data can be linked with national health databases within the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) databank, with 93% of participants matching a record in SAIL. HWW has facilitated recruitment of 43,826 participants to 15 different studies.Future plansThe medium-term goal for the project is to enrol at least 50,000 adults. Recruitment strategies are being devised to achieve a study sample that closely models the population of Wales, with sufficient numbers in socio-demographic subgroups to allow for the selection of populations for research from those groups. Potential bio-sampling methods are also currently being explored.

scholarly journals Might changes in diagnostic practice explain increasing incidence of brain and central nervous system tumours? A population-based study in Wales (UK) and the US

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael T C Poon ◽  
Paul M Brennan ◽  
Kai Jin ◽  
Cathie L M Sudlow ◽  
Jonine D Figueroa
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
The Us ◽  
Cns Tumours ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Histological Confirmation ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Background Increasing incidence of central nervous system (CNS) tumours has been noted in some populations. However, the influence of changing surgical and imaging practice has not been consistently accounted for. Methods We evaluated average annualised percentage change (AAPC) in age- and gender-stratified incidence of CNS tumours by tumour subtypes and histological confirmation in Wales, UK (1997-2015) and the US (2004-2015) using joinpoint regression. Findings In Wales, incidence of histologically confirmed CNS tumours increased more than all CNS tumours (AAPC 3.62% vs. 1.63%), indicating an increasing proportion undergoing surgery. Grade II and III glioma incidence declined significantly (AAPC -3.09% and -1.85% respectively) but remained stable for those with histological confirmation. Grade IV glioma incidence increased overall (AAPC 3.99%), more markedly for those with histological confirmation (AAPC 5.36%), suggesting reduced glioma subtype misclassification due to increased surgery. In the US, incidence of CNS tumours increased overall but was stable for histologically confirmed tumours (AAPC 1.86% vs 0.09%) indicating an increase in patients diagnosed without surgery. An increase in grade IV gliomas (AAPC 0.28%) and decline in grade II gliomas (AAPC -3.41%) were accompanied by similar changes in those with histological confirmation, indicating the overall trends in glioma subtypes were unlikely to be caused by changing diagnostic and clinical management. Conclusions Changes in clinical practice have influenced the incidence of CNS tumours in the UK and the US. These should be considered when evaluating trends and in epidemiological studies of putative risk factors for CNS tumours.

scholarly journals Cohort profile: HealthWise Wales. A research register and population health data platform with linkage to National Health Service data sets in Wales

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e031705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Hurt ◽  
Pauline Ashfield-Watt ◽  
Julia Townson ◽  
Luke Heslop ◽  
Lauren Copeland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Health Service ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Health Service ◽  
National Health ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Online Data

PurposeRecruitment and follow-up in epidemiological studies are time-consuming and expensive. Combining online data collection with a register of individuals who agree to be contacted about research opportunities provides an efficient, cost-effective platform for population-based research. HealthWise Wales (HWW) aims to facilitate research by recruiting a cohort of individuals who have consented to be informed about research projects, advertising studies to participants, supporting data collection on specific topics and providing access to linked healthcare data for secondary analyses. In this paper, we describe the design of the project, ongoing data collection, methods of data linkage to routine healthcare records, baseline characteristics of participants, the strengths and limitations of the register, and the ways in which the project can support researchers.ParticipantsAdults (aged 16 years and above) living or receiving their healthcare in Wales are eligible for inclusion. Participants consent to be contacted for follow-up data collection and for their details to be used to access their routinely collected National Health Service records for research purposes. Data are collected using a web-based application, with new questionnaires added every 6 months. Data collection on sociodemographic and lifestyle factors is repeated at intervals of 2–3 years. Recruitment is ongoing, with 21 779 participants alive and currently registered.Findings to date99% of participants have complete information on age and sex, and 64% have completed questionnaires on sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. These data can be linked with national health databases within the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) databank, with 93% of participants matching a record in SAIL. HWW has facilitated the recruitment of 43 826 participants to 15 different studies.Future plansThe medium-term goal for the project is to enrol at least 50 000 adults. Recruitment strategies are being devised to achieve a study sample that closely models the population of Wales. Potential biosampling methods are also currently being explored.

Continuity in Any Language

2014 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-171
Author(s):  
Travis E. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Home Rule ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Creation Myths ◽  
Alta California ◽  
The Us

This article analyzes the memories of pre-1848 Alta California recounted in the 1870s to Hubert Howe Bancroft’s agent Thomas Savage by a multiethnic group of men and women. The narrators, regardless of ethnic origin, overwhelmingly told stories that insisted on continuity between Alta California in the 1830s and 1840s and the US state birthed in the late 1840s. Even if they had been on opposing sides of political upheavals, they all insisted that their altruistic efforts had helped to transition California peacefully from Mexican rule to home rule and from home rule to US control while preserving both California’s people and California’s culture. This multicultural memory of continuity was later supplanted by rupture-based Anglo Californian creation myths.

Long-Term Outcomes after Colton Type I and II Fractures of the Olecranon

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-216
Author(s):  
Thord von Schewelov ◽  
Fredrik Hertervig ◽  
Per-Olof Josefsson ◽  
Jack Besjakov ◽  
Ralph Hasserius
Keyword(s):  
Joint Space ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Radiographic Outcomes ◽  
Fracture Event ◽  
Comminuted Fractures ◽  
Fracture Types ◽  
Transverse Fractures ◽  
Olecranon Fractures

Background: It is unclear if the outcomes differ in different subtypes of olecranon fractures. Objective: Evaluate the outcomes of different Colton types of olecranon fractures, and if outcomes differ in dominant and non-dominant arms and in men and women. Methods: We evaluated primary journals and radiographs in 40 men and 55 women with isolated olecranon fractures and classified fractures according to Colton. Mean 19 years after fracture event, we re-examined subjective, clinical and radiographic outcomes in the former patients, using the uninjured arms as controls. Results: 89% of patients with Colton type I fractures reported at follow-up no subjective differences between the elbows, 84% with type II oblique/transverse fractures and 84% with type II comminuted fractures (p=0.91). The uninjured to former fractured arm differences in elbow range of motion and strength were no different in the 3 fracture types, the proportions of individuals with radiographic elbow degenerative changes were greater in type II than in type I factures (p<0.001), and there were no differences between the proportions of individuals with reduced joint space in the 3 groups (p=0.40). The outcomes were no different if the fractures had occurred in the dominant or non-dominant arms (p=0.43), or in men or women (p=0.43). Conclusion: There were no different outcomes after Colton type I, type II oblique/transverse or type II comminuted fractures, no different outcomes between fractures in dominant or non-dominant arms and no different outcomes in men and women.

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