scholarly journals Effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on maternity staff in 2020 – a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Schmitt ◽  
Elke Mattern ◽  
Eva Cignacco ◽  
Gregor Seliger ◽  
Martina König-Bachmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Comprehensive Overview

AbstractIn the spring of 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 virus caused the Covid-19 pandemic, bringing with it drastic changes and challenges for health systems and medical staff. Among the affected were obstetricians and midwives, whose close physical contact with pregnant women, women who recently gave birth, and their children was indispensable. In the obstetric setting, births cannot be postponed, and maternity staff had to adapt to assure obstetric safety while balancing evidence-based standards with the new challenges posed by the pandemic. This scoping review gives a comprehensive overview of the effecs the Covid-19 pandemic had on maternity staff. We followed the evidence-based approach described by Arksey & O’Malley: we searched several databases for English and German articles published between January 2020 and January 2021 that discussed or touched upon the effects the pandemic had on maternity staff in OECD countries and China. We found that structural challenges caused by the crisis and its subjective effects on maternity staff fell into two main topic areas. Structural challenges (the first main topic) were divided into five subtopics: staff shortages and restructuring; personal protective equipment and tests; switching to virtual communication; handling women with a positive SARS-CoV-2 infection; and excluding accompanying persons. The pandemic also strongly affected the staff’s mental health (the second main topic.) Attempting to meet challenges posed by the pandemic while afraid of contamination, suffering overwork and exhaustion, and struggling to resolve ethical-moral dilemmas had severe negative subjective effects. Several studies indicated increased depression, anxiety, stress levels, and risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms, although the crisis also generated strong occupational solidarity. Care for pregnant, birthing, and breast-feeding women cannot be interrupted, even during a pandemic crisis that requires social distancing. Maternity staff sometimes had to abandon normal standards of obstetric care and were confronted with enormous challenges and structural adjustments that did not leave them unscathed: their mental health suffered considerably. Researchers should study maternity staff’s experiences during the pandemic to prepare recommendations that will protect staff during future epidemics.

scholarly journals Effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Maternity Staff in 2020 – A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Schmitt ◽  
Elke Mattern ◽  
Eva Cignacco ◽  
Gregor Seliger ◽  
Martina König-Bachmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Comprehensive Overview

Abstract In the spring of 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 virus caused the Covid-19 pandemic, bringing with it drastic changes and challenges for health systems and medical staff. Among the affected were obstetricians and midwives, whose close physical contact with pregnant women, women who recently gave birth, and their children was indispensable. In the obstetric setting, births cannot be postponed, and maternity staff had to adapt to assure obstetric safety while balancing evidence-based standards with the new challenges posed by the pandemic. This scoping review gives a comprehensive overview of the effecs the Covid-19 pandemic had on maternity staff. We followed the evidence-based approach described by Arksey & O’Malley: we searched several databases for English and German articles published between January 2020 and January 2021 that discussed or touched upon the effects the pandemic had on maternity staff in OECD countries and China.We found that structural challenges caused by the crisis and its subjective effects on maternity staff fell into two main topic areas. Structural challenges (the first main topic) were divided into five subtopics: staff shortages and restructuring; personal protective equipment and tests; switching to virtual communication; handling women with a positive SARS-CoV-2 infection; and excluding accompanying persons. The pandemic also strongly affected the staff’s mental health (the second main topic.) Attempting to meet challenges posed by the pandemic while afraid of contamination, suffering overwork and exhaustion, and struggling to resolve ethical-moral dilemmas had severe negative subjective effects. Several studies indicated increased depression, anxiety, stress levels, and risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms, although the crisis also generated strong occupational solidarity.Care for pregnant, birthing, and breast-feeding women cannot be interrupted, even during a pandemic crisis that requires social distancing. Maternity staff sometimes had to abandon normal standards of obstetric care and were confronted with enormous challenges and structural adjustments that did not leave them unscathed: their mental health suffered considerably. Researchers should study maternity staff’s experiences during the pandemic to prepare recommendations that will protect staff during future epidemics.

scholarly journals Effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on maternity staff in 2020 – a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Schmitt ◽  
Elke Mattern ◽  
Eva Cignacco ◽  
Gregor Seliger ◽  
Martina König-Bachmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Main Topic ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Comprehensive Overview

Abstract In the spring of 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 virus caused the Covid-19 pandemic, bringing with it drastic changes and challenges for health systems and medical staff. Among the affected were obstetricians and midwives, whose close physical contact with pregnant women, women who recently gave birth, and their children was indispensable. In the obstetric setting, births cannot be postponed, and maternity staff had to adapt to assure obstetric safety while balancing evidence-based standards with the new challenges posed by the pandemic. This scoping review gives a comprehensive overview of the effecs the Covid-19 pandemic had on maternity staff. We followed the evidence-based approach described by Arksey & O’Malley: we searched several databases for English and German articles published between January 2020 and January 2021 that discussed or touched upon the effects the pandemic had on maternity staff in OECD countries and China. We found that structural challenges caused by the crisis and its subjective effects on maternity staff fell into two main topic areas. Structural challenges (the first main topic) were divided into five subtopics: staff shortages and restructuring; personal protective equipment and tests; switching to virtual communication; handling women with a positive SARS-CoV-2 infection; and excluding accompanying persons. The pandemic also strongly affected the staff’s mental health (the second main topic.) Attempting to meet challenges posed by the pandemic while afraid of contamination, suffering overwork and exhaustion, and struggling to resolve ethical-moral dilemmas had severe negative subjective effects. Several studies indicated increased depression, anxiety, stress levels, and risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms, although the crisis also generated strong occupational solidarity. Care for pregnant, birthing, and breast-feeding women cannot be interrupted, even during a pandemic crisis that requires social distancing. Maternity staff sometimes had to abandon normal standards of obstetric care and were confronted with enormous challenges and structural adjustments that did not leave them unscathed: their mental health suffered considerably. Researchers should study maternity staff’s experiences during the pandemic to prepare recommendations that will protect staff during future epidemics.

scholarly journals Provider self-efficacy in delivering evidence-based psychosocial interventions: A scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 263348952098825
Author(s):  
Cheri J Shapiro ◽  
Kathleen Watson MacDonell ◽  
Mariah Moran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Implementation Research ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Plain Language ◽  
Mental Health Interventions

Background: Among the many variables that affect implementation of evidence-based interventions in real-world settings, self-efficacy is one of the most important factors at the provider level of the social ecology. Yet, research on the construct of provider self-efficacy remains limited. Objectives: This scoping review was conducted to enhance understanding of the construct of provider self-efficacy and to examine how the construct is defined and measured in the context of implementation of evidence-based mental health interventions. Design: Online databases were used to identify 190 papers published from 1999 to June of 2018 that included search terms for providers, evidence-based, and self-efficacy. To be eligible for the scoping review, papers needed to focus on the self-efficacy of mental health providers to deliver evidence-based psychosocial interventions. A total of 15 publications were included in the review. Results: The construct of provider self-efficacy is not clearly defined but is typically described as confidence to deliver a specific intervention or practice. A range of measures are used to assess provider self-efficacy across both provider and intervention types. Conclusions: Standardized definition and measurement of provider self-efficacy is needed to advance practice and implementation research. Plain language abstract: Provider self-efficacy is known to influence implementation of evidence-based mental health interventions. However, the ways in which provider self-efficacy is defined and measured in implementation research literature is not well understood; furthermore, it is not clear what types of providers and interventions are represented in this literature. This scoping review adds to current research by revealing that there is no agreed upon definition or measure of provider self-efficacy in the context of implementation of evidence-based interventions, and that the research includes multiple types of providers (e.g., social workers, counselors, psychologists) and interventions. Self-efficacy appears to change as a function of training and support. To further research in this area, a common definition and agreed upon measures of this construct are needed.

scholarly journals Vesico-Vaginal Fistula a leading cause of Traumatic Stress In sufferers

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Ahmed ◽  
Shamoon Noushad ◽  
Shershah Syed ◽  
Faiza Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Emergency Obstetric Care ◽  
Obstetric Care ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Vaginal Fistula ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Timely Access ◽  
Vesico Vaginal Fistula

Aims: To evaluate psychological constraints among patients presenting with vesico-vaginal fistula (VVF). Methods: An Observational exploratory study was carried out to explore the experiences of women suffering from VVF. The study included 16 women hospitalized with the diagnosis of VVF at Kohi Goth Women's Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. All patients presenting with VVF were administered a structured questionnaire followed by an in-depth interview while Sadaf Stress Scale was utilized for the evaluation of psychological condition. Results: The average age of patients was 25.4 years, range 24-30 years. A total of 5 patients were diagnosed with severe traumatic stress, only 1 patient was found in moderate level. While non to of the patients were unable to find proper mental health treatment due to poverty & illiteracy. Severity of traumatic stress was found greater in early years of the disease. All patients were affected by untrained Midwives. Conclusions: VVF is leading to traumatic stress, if not treated in early stages could lead to post traumatic stress disorder. The need to empower patients to timely access standard maternity and emergency obstetric care & mental health care is recommended.

How Engaged are Stakeholders in Evidence-Based Treatment Implementation Projects? Results From a Scoping Review of Children’s Mental Health Treatment Projects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah S Triplett
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Child Mental Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment ◽  
Treatment Implementation

Engaging stakeholders in child mental health evidence-based treatment (EBT) implementation projects may increase the likelihood of successful implementation; However, little is known about the extent of stakeholder engagement to inform the implementation of EBTs. We conducted a scoping review to characterize stakeholder engagement in child mental health EBT implementation projects. We performed data extraction and synthesis to describe key study and stakeholder characteristics, stakeholder engagement methods and rationales, reported impacts of stakeholder engagement, and quality of reporting on stakeholder engagement. We identified a total of 103 unique child mental health EBT implementation projects. The largest number of projects were in the United States and conducted in community mental health settings. Most projects engaged EBT providers during the active implementation phase and with limited depth, often gathering information from stakeholders about barriers and facilitators without sharing decision-making power. Across projects, impacts of stakeholder engagement spanned all implementation outcomes. Given that stakeholder engagement is often shallow and follows initial implementation efforts, additional effort should be made to increase engagement to preempt challenges to EBT implementation and ensure implementation success. Such efforts may ensure the just distribution of power in EBT implementation efforts and could be essential in addressing mental health disparities.

scholarly journals Outreach and screening following the 2005 London bombings: usage and outcomes

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 2049-2057 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Brewin ◽  
N. Fuchkan ◽  
Z. Huntley ◽  
M. Robertson ◽  
M. Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
London Bombings

BackgroundLittle is known about how to remedy the unmet mental health needs associated with major terrorist attacks, or what outcomes are achievable with evidence-based treatment. This article reports the usage, diagnoses and outcomes associated with the 2-year Trauma Response Programme (TRP) for those affected by the 2005 London bombings.MethodFollowing a systematic and coordinated programme of outreach, the contact details of 910 people were obtained by the TRP. Of these, 596 completed a screening instrument that included the Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ) and items assessing other negative responses. Those scoring ⩾6 on the TSQ, or endorsing other negative responses, received a detailed clinical assessment. Individuals judged to need treatment (n=217) received trauma-focused cognitive-behaviour therapy (TF-CBT) or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Symptom levels were assessed pre- and post-treatment with validated self-report measures of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, and 66 were followed up at 1 year.ResultsCase finding relied primarily on outreach rather than standard referral pathways such as primary care. The effect sizes achieved for treatment of DSM-IV PTSD exceeded those usually found in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and gains were well maintained an average of 1 year later.ConclusionsOutreach with screening, linked to the provision of evidence-based treatment, seems to be a viable method of identifying and meeting mental health needs following a terrorist attack. Given the failure of normal care pathways, it is a potentially important approach that merits further evaluation.

scholarly journals The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and perinatal health: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethany Kotlar ◽  
Emily Gerson ◽  
Sophia Petrillo ◽  
Ana Langer ◽  
Henning Tiemeier
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries

Abstract Introduction The Covid-19 pandemic affects maternal health both directly and indirectly, and direct and indirect effects are intertwined. To provide a comprehensive overview on this broad topic in a rapid format behooving an emergent pandemic we conducted a scoping review. Methods A scoping review was conducted to compile evidence on direct and indirect impacts of the pandemic on maternal health and provide an overview of the most significant outcomes thus far. Working papers and news articles were considered appropriate evidence along with peer-reviewed publications in order to capture rapidly evolving updates. Literature in English published from January 1st to September 11 2020 was included if it pertained to the direct or indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the physical, mental, economic, or social health and wellbeing of pregnant people. Narrative descriptions were written about subject areas for which the authors found the most evidence. Results The search yielded 396 publications, of which 95 were included. Pregnant individuals were found to be at a heightened risk of more severe symptoms than people who are not pregnant. Intrauterine, vertical, and breastmilk transmission were unlikely. Labor, delivery, and breastfeeding guidelines for COVID-19 positive patients varied. Severe increases in maternal mental health issues, such as clinically relevant anxiety and depression, were reported. Domestic violence appeared to spike. Prenatal care visits decreased, healthcare infrastructure was strained, and potentially harmful policies implemented with little evidence. Women were more likely to lose their income due to the pandemic than men, and working mothers struggled with increased childcare demands. Conclusion Pregnant women and mothers were not found to be at higher risk for COVID-19 infection than people who are not pregnant, however pregnant people with symptomatic COVID-19 may experience more adverse outcomes compared to non-pregnant people and seem to face disproportionate adverse socio-economic consequences. High income and low- and middle-income countries alike faced significant struggles. Further resources should be directed towards quality epidemiological studies. Plain English summary The Covid-19 pandemic impacts reproductive and perinatal health both directly through infection itself but also indirectly as a consequence of changes in health care, social policy, or social and economic circumstances. The direct and indirect consequences of COVID-19 on maternal health are intertwined. To provide a comprehensive overview on this broad topic we conducted a scoping review. Pregnant women who have symptomatic COVID-19 may experience more severe outcomes than people who are not pregnant. Intrauterine and breastmilk transmission, and the passage of the virus from mother to baby during delivery are unlikely. The guidelines for labor, delivery, and breastfeeding for COVID-19 positive patients vary, and this variability could create uncertainty and unnecessary harm. Prenatal care visits decreased, healthcare infrastructure was strained, and potentially harmful policies are implemented with little evidence in high and low/middle income countries. The social and economic impact of COVID-19 on maternal health is marked. A high frequency of maternal mental health problems, such as clinically relevant anxiety and depression, during the epidemic are reported in many countries. This likely reflects an increase in problems, but studies demonstrating a true change are lacking. Domestic violence appeared to spike. Women were more vulnerable to losing their income due to the pandemic than men, and working mothers struggled with increased childcare demands. We make several recommendations: more resources should be directed to epidemiological studies, health and social services for pregnant women and mothers should not be diminished, and more focus on maternal mental health during the epidemic is needed.

scholarly journals Climate change, climate-related disasters and mental disorder in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e051908
Author(s):  
Isobel Sharpe ◽  
Colleen M Davison
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Low And Middle Income

IntroductionClimate change and climate-related disasters adversely affect mental health. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and climate-related disasters and often lack adequate mental healthcare infrastructure. We used the scoping review methodology to determine how exposure to climate change and climate-related disasters influences the presence of mental disorders among those living in LMICs. We also aimed to recognise existing gaps in this area of literature.MethodsThis review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. To identify relevant studies, we searched five electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, APA PsycInfo and Sociological Abstracts) from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2019. We also searched the grey literature. Included studies had an adult-focused LMIC population, a climate change or climate-related disaster exposure and a mental disorder outcome. Relevant study information was extracted and synthesised.ResultsFifty-eight studies were identified, most of which (n=48) employed a cross-sectional design. The most commonly studied exposure–outcome combinations were flood-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (n=28), flood-related depression (n=15) and storm-related PTSD (n=13). The majority of studies identified a positive exposure–outcome association. However, few studies included a baseline or comparator (ie, unexposed) group, thereby limiting our understanding of the magnitude or nature of this association. There was also great heterogeneity in this literature, making studies difficult to pool or compare. Several research gaps were identified including the lack of longitudinal studies and non-uniformity of geographic coverage.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this was the first scoping review to investigate the relationship between climate change and climate-related disaster exposures and mental disorder outcomes in LMICs. Our findings support the need for further research, but also highlight that mental health should be a priority within LMIC climate change policy considerations.

Process and outcomes evaluation of smartphone applications for Bipolar Disorder: A Scoping Review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iona Tatham ◽  
Ellisiv Clarke ◽  
Kelly Grieve ◽  
Pulkit Kaushal ◽  
Jan Smeddinck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Solid Base ◽  
Type I ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Outcomes Evaluation

BACKGROUND Mental Health Applications (MHAs) provide opportunities for accessible, immediate and innovative approaches to better understand mental health disorders especially those with high burden such as Bipolar Disorder (BD). Many MHAs have been developed but few have had their effectiveness evaluated. OBJECTIVE This systematic scoping review explores current process and outcome measures of MHAs for BD (MHA-BD) with an aim to provide a comprehensive overview of current research. This will identify best practice for evaluating MHA-BDs and provide a solid base for future studies whilst also aiding professionals on MHA selection in BD. METHODS A systematic literature search of the health science databases PsycINFO, Medline, Embase, EBSCO, Scopus and Web of Science was undertaken up to January 2021 to narratively assess how other studies had evaluated MHAs for BD. RESULTS A total of 3342 articles were identified, and 12 were included. Across all studies, 507 participants were studied, 376 with BD Type I or II. Data from 372 participants were analysed. Of the 507, the mean age of participants in 11 of the studies was 36.5 years, with 302 being females. The final study did not collect age data. The most widely employed validated outcome measure were YMRS used 8 times, HDRS-17 & HAMD were both applied three times and ASRM, QID and FAST used twice, while CISS, EQ-5D, GAD-7, IDS-C, MASS, MDI, Morisky-Green 8-item, PSS and WHOQOL-BREF were all utilised once. Subjective markers were also measured in 9 different studies, 6 of which used MONARCA. Mood and energy levels were the most commonly utilised subjective markers, being used 4 four times each. Eleven of the 12 studies discussed the various confounding factors and barrier to MHA-BD usage. CONCLUSIONS Reported low adherence rates, usability challenges and privacy concerns act as barriers to usage of MHA-BD. Moreover, as MHA evaluation is itself developing, so must guidance for clinicians in how to aid patient choices in m-Health. These obstacles could be ameliorated by incorporating co-production and co-design using participatory patient approaches during the development and evaluation stages of MHA-BD. Further, including qualitative aspects in trials that examine patient experience of both mental ill health and the MHA itself could result in a more patient-friendly, fit-for-purpose MHA-BD. CLINICALTRIAL Not applicable

Evidence-Based Treatment and Practice with Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Kropf ◽  
Sherry Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment

Evidence Based Treatment with Older Adults: Theory, Practice, and Research provides a detailed examination of five research-supported psychosocial interventions for use with older adults: cognitive behavioral therapy, problem-solving therapy, motivational interviewing, psychoeducational and social support approaches, and life review/reminiscence. Taken together, these interventions address the diversity of mental health conditions and late-life challenges that older adults’ experience. Complementary chapters provide comprehensive treatment and research information for each intervention. In the first chapter for each treatment, theoretical concepts undergirding the intervention are explained and the specific skills and techniques employed are clearly described. Adaptations for use of each intervention with older adults are highlighted. Vignettes demonstrate the application of particular intervention strategies with older clients, while case studies provide a comprehensive presentation of the intervention. In a second chapter on the intervention, the research base supporting the use of the specific approach with older adults is reviewed and analyzed. In addition, the distinct issues, such as depression, anxiety, substance abuse/misuse, behavioral health challenges, and insomnia, for which evidence exists are highlighted. Research support for application of the interventions in community-based, acute care, and long-term care settings and in individual and group formats is discussed. Implementation issues encountered in therapeutic work with older adults are described, as are accommodations to enhance treatment efficacy. Finally, a chapter on future directions in geriatric interventions provides an overview of emerging therapies that hold promise for the treatment of older adult mental health. In sum, this book provides a comprehensive overview of research-supported psychosocial interventions for older adults and their care providers.

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