scholarly journals Volumetric measurements of paranasal sinuses and examination of sinonasal communication in healthy Shetland ponies: anatomical and morphometric characteristics using computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Köhler ◽  
Ellen Schulz-Kornas ◽  
Ingrid Vervuert ◽  
Claudia Gittel ◽  
Karsten Winter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Head Length ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Left And Right

Abstract Background Despite clinical importance and frequent occurrence of sinus disease, little is known about the size of paranasal sinuses and their communication in ponies and small horses. To examine the shape and volume of the paranasal sinuses and evaluate the sinonasal communication, three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of computed tomography (CT) datasets of 12 healthy adult Shetland ponies were performed and analysed. Linear measurements of head length and width were taken. Using semi-automatic segmentation, 3D-models of all sinus compartments were created. Volumetric measurement of the seven sinus compartments were conducted and statistical analysis was performed. Sinus volumes were compared between the left and right sinuses and the relation to age and head size was evaluated. Results Structure and shape of the paranasal sinus system in Shetland ponies was similar to that of large horses. All seven sinus compartments on each side of the head were identified (rostral maxillary sinus, ventral conchal sinus, caudal maxillary sinus, dorsal conchal sinus, middle conchal sinus, frontal sinus, sphenopalatine sinus). The existence of a bilateral cranial and a caudal system formed by a maxillary septum was visible in all 12 individuals. The volumetric sizes of the left and right sinuses did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). A positive correlation between the size of the paranasal sinuses and the head length was shown. A relation between sinus volumes and age could not be proved in adult ponies aged > six years. Communication between single sinus compartments was identified. Furthermore, communication with the nasal cavity over the nasomaxillary aperture (Apertura nasomaxillaris) and a common sinonasal channel (Canalis sinunasalis communis) as well as its splitting up into a rostral and a caudolateral channel could be seen. Examination of the sinonasal communication was challenging and only a descriptive evaluation was possible. Conclusions Our findings concerning the size, shape and volumetric dimensions of Shetland pony CT images could help improve CT interpretation of abnormal clinical cases as well as aiding clinicians to develop and select appropriate instruments for medical inspection and treatments.

ACURÁCIA DAS MEDIDAS LINEARES NOS MODELOS 3D, A PARTIR DA TOMOGRAFIA COMPUTADORIZADA POR FEIXE CÔNICO

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Alves Rebouças
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Multiplanar Reconstruction ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
3D Images

RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a acurácia das medidas lineares nos modelos 3D, a partir da tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico, através da revisão de literatura. Foram pesquisados artigos científicos indexados na base de dados PubMed, entre os anos de 2006 a 2014, utilizando-se as palavras-chave: acurácia, confiabilidade, medidas lineares, tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico, resultando na análise de 12 artigos. A tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico (TCFC) fornece imagens em três dimensões (3D) – cortes tomográficos multiplanares (RMP) precisos e de alta resolução, a uma dose de radiação relativamente baixa. As medidas lineares realizadas nos modelos 3D, a partir da tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico, são acuradas, independentemente da resolução do voxel.Palavras-chave: Acurácia. Confiabilidade. Medidas lineares. Tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico.ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the linear measurements on 3D models, from cone beam computed tomography, through a literature review. Scientific articles indexed in the database PubMed were searched, between 2006 to 2014, using the keywords: accuracy, reliability, linear measurements, cone beam computed tomography, resulting in a total of 12 analysed articles. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) provide three-dimensional (3D) images – accurate and high resolution multiplanar reconstruction (MPR), with reduced radiation dosages. Linear measurements on the 3D models, from the CBCT scan, are accurate, regardless of the resolution of the voxel.Keywords: Accuracy. Reliability. Linear measurements. Cone beam computed tomography.

scholarly journals CEPHALOMETRIC SKELETAL COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN LEFT AND RIGHT SIDE OF SKULL FOR TWO AGE GROUPS PATIENTS WITH CLASS ONE MALOCCLUSION BY THREE DIMENSIONAL CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Al-cablany Ebrahem Hezam ◽  
O.M. Makarova ◽  
V.D. Kuroiedova
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Two Age Groups

Objective: The purpose of our research was to study comparative cephalometric analysis between left and right sides of head and evaluate the skeletal facial symmetry in patients with class 1 malocclusion by 3D Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Pre-treatment by 3D Cone-beam computed tomography radiographs for 20 patients of two age groups with class 1 malocclusion was undergone for 11 angular and 4 liner measurements from right and left sides, anteroposterior, vertical and frontal view by hand except the hard landmarks determination. Chi-test was used to compare the result of both sides (P < 0.05). Results: No difference was found between left and right analysis for linear measurements as for the angular cephalometric measurements. Conclusion: Measurements of skeletal analysis by 3D CBCT cephalograms from right side were found to be similar to left side. So, we can use the left analysis for orthodontics diagnosis as right side. Also, the both sides analysis can be used for symmetric analysis reasons.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional ultrasound for knee osteophyte depiction: a comparative study to computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Vendries ◽  
Tamas Ungi ◽  
Jordan Harry ◽  
Manuela Kunz ◽  
Jana Podlipská ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Ultrasound ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Structured Light Scanner ◽  
Joint Surfaces ◽  
Operative Planning ◽  
Rms Error ◽  
Tissue Characteristics

Abstract Purpose Osteophytes are common radiographic markers of osteoarthritis. However, they are not accurately depicted using conventional imaging, thus hampering surgical interventions that rely on pre-operative images. Studies have shown that ultrasound (US) is promising at detecting osteophytes and monitoring the progression of osteoarthritis. Furthermore, three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound reconstructions may offer a means to quantify osteophytes. The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of osteophyte depiction in the knee joint between 3D US and conventional computed tomography (CT). Methods Eleven human cadaveric knees were pre-screened for the presence of osteophytes. Three osteoarthritic knees were selected, and then, 3D US and CT images were obtained, segmented, and digitally reconstructed in 3D. After dissection, high-resolution structured light scanner (SLS) images of the joint surfaces were obtained. Surface matching and root mean square (RMS) error analyses of surface distances were performed to assess the accuracy of each modality in capturing osteophytes. The RMS errors were compared between 3D US, CT and SLS models. Results Average RMS error comparisons for 3D US versus SLS and CT versus SLS models were 0.87 mm ± 0.33 mm (average ± standard deviation) and 0.95 mm ± 0.32 mm, respectively. No statistical difference was found between 3D US and CT. Comparative observations of imaging modalities suggested that 3D US better depicted osteophytes with cartilage and fibrocartilage tissue characteristics compared to CT. Conclusion Using 3D US can improve the depiction of osteophytes with a cartilaginous portion compared to CT. It can also provide useful information about the presence and extent of osteophytes. Whilst algorithm improvements for automatic segmentation and registration of US are needed to provide a more robust investigation of osteophyte depiction accuracy, this investigation puts forward the potential application for 3D US in routine diagnostic evaluations and pre-operative planning of osteoarthritis.

Automated Pancreas Segmentation And Volumetry Using Deep Neural Network On Computed Tomography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Heon Lim ◽  
Young Jae Kim ◽  
Yeon-Ho Park ◽  
Doojin Kim ◽  
Kwang Gi Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Automatic Segmentation ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Internal Validation ◽  
Pancreas Segmentation

Abstract Pancreas segmentation is necessary for observing lesions, analyzing anatomical structures, and predicting patient prognosis. Therefore, various studies have designed segmentation models based on convolutional neural networks for pancreas segmentation. However, the deep learning approach is limited by a lack of data, and studies conducted on a large computed tomography dataset are scarce. Therefore, this study aims to perform deep-learning-based semantic segmentation on 1,006 participants and evaluate the automatic segmentation performance of the pancreas via four individual three-dimensional segmentation networks. In this study, we performed internal validation with 1,006 patients and external validation using the Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) pancreas dataset. We obtained mean precision, recall, and dice similarity coefficients of 0.869, 0.842, and 0.842, respectively, for internal validation via a relevant approach among the four deep learning networks. Using the external dataset, the deep learning network achieved mean precision, recall, and dice similarity coefficients of 0.779, 0.749, and 0.735, respectively. We expect that generalized deep-learning-based systems can assist clinical decisions by providing accurate pancreatic segmentation and quantitative information of the pancreas for abdominal computed tomography.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional (3D) Models Based on Pre-operative Computed Tomography Scans to Personalize the Planned Liver Surgery in Complex Cases

HPB ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. S860-S861
Author(s):  
L. Alaimo ◽  
F. Bagante ◽  
A. Ruzzenente ◽  
M. De Bellis ◽  
S. Conci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Liver Surgery ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Complex Cases

scholarly journals Age- and sex-related changes of the volume of maxillary sinuses quantified via cone beam computed tomography

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. e312101422220
Author(s):  
Lucas Eigi Borges Tanaka ◽  
Ademir Franco ◽  
Rafael Ferreira Abib ◽  
Luiz Roberto Coutinho Manhães-Junior ◽  
Sergio Lucio Pereira de Castro Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

Anatomical studies found in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) an optimal resource for the three-dimensional (3D) assessment of the head and neck. When it comes to the maxillary sinuses, CBCT enables a life-size reliable volumetric analysis. This study aimed to assess the age and sex-related changes of the maxillary sinuses using volumetric CBCT analysis. The sample consisted of CBCT scans of 112 male (n = 57) and female (n = 55) individuals (224 maxillary sinuses) distributed in 5 age categories: 20 |— 30, 31 |— 40, 41 |— 50, 51 |— 60 and > 60 years. Image acquisition was accomplished with the i-CAT Next Generation device set with voxel size of 0.25 mm and field of view that included the maxillary sinuses (retrospective sample collection from an existing database). Image segmentation was performed in itk-SNAP (www.itksnap.org) software. The volume (mm3) of the segmented sinuses was quantified and compared pairwise based on side (left and right), sex (male and female) and age (five groups). Differences between left and right sides volume were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). The mean volume of maxillary sinuses in males was 22% higher than females (p = 0.0001). Volumetric differences were not statistically significant between age categories for males and females (p > 0.05). The discriminant power of sinuses’ volume may support customized and patient-specific treatment planning based on sex.

scholarly journals Cone Beam Computed Tomography 3D Reconstruction of the Mandibular Condyle

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 880-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Schlueter ◽  
Ki Beom Kim ◽  
Donald Oliver ◽  
Gus Sortiropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mandibular Condyle ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Linear Measurements

Abstract Objective: To determine the ideal window level and width needed for cone beam computed three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the condyle. Materials and Methods: Linear dimensions were measured with a digital caliper to assess the anatomic truth for 50 dry human mandibular condyles. Condyles were scanned with the i-CAT cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and 3D-models were reconstructed. Three linear three-dimensional measurements were made on each of the 50 condyles at 8 different Hounsfield unit (HU) windows. These measurements were compared with the anatomic truth. Volumetric measurements were also completed on all 50 condyles, at 23 different window levels, to define the volumetric distribution of bone mineral density (BMD) within the condyle. Results: Significant differences were found in two of the three linear measurement groups at and below the recommended viewing window for osseous structures. The most accurate measurements were made within the soft tissue range for HU window levels. Volumetric distribution measurements revealed that the condyles were mostly comprised of low-density bone, and that condyles exhibiting significant changes in linear measurements were shown to have higher percentages of low-density bone than those condyles with little change from the anatomic truth. Conclusions: CBCT assessment of the mandibular condyle, using the 3D reconstruction, is most accurate when accomplished at density levels below that recommended for osseous examination. However, utilizing lower window levels which extend into the soft tissue range, may compromise one's capacity to view the bony topography.

CEPHALOMETRIC STUDY FOR SEX DETERMINATION USING MAXILLARY SINUS VOLUMES ON COMPUTARIZED TOMOGRAPHY IN SOKOTO NIGERIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulhameed A ◽  
Zagga AD ◽  
Ma'aji SM ◽  
Bello SS ◽  
Usman JD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Helical Ct ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Maxillary Sinus Volume ◽  
Cephalometric Study

Background:Objectives:Methods: Identification of human remain requires a comparison between ante-mortem and post-mortem evidences, as such, the use of bones that are often easily recovered intact like the maxilla, becomes necessary although the skull and other bones may be badly disfigured. To determine the precision with which the maxillary sinus volumes identifies sex. 130 subjects (79 males and 51 females), between 20 - 80 years, with normal maxillary sinus CT anatomy, from head CT scans carried out at the Radiology Department of the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH) Sokoto from 2008 to 2012 were involved in this study. The volume of each sinus was determined by the product of three linear measurements (craniocaudal (height), anteroposterior (dept) and transverse (width) diameters), using Neusoft Dual Slide Helical CT machine and the slice thickness. These measurements were performed on three-dimensional reconstructed images using V-works 3.0 program. The discriminant analysis showed that the accuracy with which the maxillary sinus volume could identify sex was 50.6% in males, and 60.8% in females. Computerized Tomography estimation of maxillary sinus volume may be of value to support sex determination in forensic anthropology. Sex Determination, Maxillary Sinus, Volume.Results:Conclusion:Keywords:

scholarly journals Evaluation of Anatomical Variations in Maxillary Sinus and Management of Chronic Sinonasal Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (38) ◽  
pp. 3351-3355
Author(s):  
Ganesh Manohar Vihapure ◽  
Akshay Sorade ◽  
Kaenat Ahmed ◽  
Lakshmi Sravya Yarlagadda ◽  
Khaleel Basha Munnaru
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Paranasal Sinuses ◽  
Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Operative Care ◽  
Number Of Patients

BACKGROUND The paranasal sinuses (PNS) have various anatomical difference. Computed tomography (CT) is an excellent means of providing anatomical information of this region, disease extent, assisting endoscopic evaluation and guiding treatment. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) has become an increasingly popular treatment for chronic sinus diseases. CT of the paranasal sinuses has become a roadmap for FESS. The present study focuses on the assessment of the efficacy, safety and benefits of functional endoscopic sinus surgery in cases of maxillary pathologies and also study the anatomical variations in maxillary sinus in computed tomography and its usefulness in planning and management of chronic sinonasal diseases. METHODS It was a prospective study and a total of 80 patients were included in this study from July 2019 to June 2020 in the Otolaryngology Department, KIMS, Karad. Standard surgical steps were applied in each case according to the extent of disease. All patients underwent standard post-operative care. All findings were recorded and studied. RESULTS Total number of patients were 80. Of which, 31 (38.75 %) patients were operated for ethmoidal polyp, 24 (30 %) for chronic rhinosinusitis, 10 (12.5 %) for antrochoanal polyp, 9 (11.25 %) for rhinosporidiosis and 6 (7.5 %) for inverted papilloma. Postoperative complications were periorbital echymoses (13 %), synechiae (2.5 %), epiphora (2.5 %), infection (2.5 %), hemorrhage (4 %). Complete relief of symptoms were noted in 81.67 % cases. CONCLUSIONS Successful outcome and patient satisfaction post treatment can be obtained by careful evaluation and patient selection by history, examination and most importantly, proper imaging of the sinuses. KEY WORDS Maxillary Sinus, Sinusitis, Nasal Polyp, Paranasal Sinus Disease, Computed Tomography (CT)

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