scholarly journals The effect of urine storage temperature and boric acid preservation on quantitative bacterial culture for diagnosing canine urinary tract infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hedström ◽  
M. Møller ◽  
H. Patsekhina ◽  
P. Damborg ◽  
L. R. Jessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Quantitative bacterial culture (QBC) is the gold standard for diagnosing canine urinary tract infection. Current guidelines recommend QBC within 24 h of urine collection and that unpreserved urine is refrigerated until culture. However, temperature-controlled transport is rarely feasible, indicating a need for alternative storage during transport of urine from primary veterinary practices to the microbiology laboratory. The objective was to investigate the effect of storage temperature and boric acid sponge-preservation on quantitative bacterial culture of canine urine. Results Significant bacteriuria was detected in 72 out of 179 samples (40%) collected from 141 dogs. Overall accuracy was 94–98% for both storage conditions and time points. Non-inferiority (15% margin) to reference quantitative bacterial culture was evident for sensitivity, specificity and predictive values for both storage methods and time points, except for the negative predictive value for 48 h boric acid preservation (NPV: 89, 95% CI [79;95]). There was no significant difference between the sensitivity and specificity for either of the time-points (p-value = 0.07–1). Conclusions Boric acid sponge-preservation using Uriswab™ is a useful alternative to refrigeration of urine samples during transport. Reliable quantitative bacterial culture results can be obtained from canine urine up to 48 h after collection if urine is refrigerated, and for at least 24 h if urine is stored using a boric acid-containing urine transport system.

Risk Factors in Diabetes and Pregnant Women with Urinary Tract Infections Compared to Younger Aged Female.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
Abdulghani Mohamed Alsamarai ◽  
Shler Ali Khorshed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Female Student ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Infected Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Urinary tract infection is common with health impact in women and characterised by failure to treatment and recurrent episodes. Aim: This study was conducted to determine the risk factors for the development of urinary tract infection in diabetic and pregnant women in comparison to student female. Materials and methods: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted during the period from 1st of June 2015 to the end of January 2016. The population included in the study are 563 women, of them 425 were outpatients, and 138 were inpatients. Their age range between 18 and 80 years, with a mean age of 33.59±15.29 years. Urine samples collected and cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar by spread plate technique. Bacterial colonies with different morphology were selected, purified and identified according to their biochemical characteristics using conventional standard methods. Results: In diabetic women, there were no significant difference in mean age and BMI values between culture positive and culture negative groups. However, pus cell mean scale was significantly higher [P=0.000] in women with urinary tract infection [1.76±1.25] than in those with negative culture [0.69±1.00]. In pregnant women, BMI mean value was significantly [P=0.013] lower in pregnant women with UTI [26.14] as compared to those without infection [26.99]. Pus cell scale mean value was significantly [P=0.000] higher in pregnant women with UTI [1.55] than women with negative UTI [0.85]. While there was no significant difference in mean age between UTI positive and negative pregnant women. In female student, there was a significant difference between UTI infected and non-infected in mean age [P=0.041] and pus cell scale [P=0.000]. However, BMI was not significantly different between infected and non-infected female student. Other risk factors association are variables in the 3 groups when analysed using X2, while AUC and OR show different trends of association between risk factors and UTI. Conclusion: BMI, pus cell scale, child number, delivery method, operation history and hospital setting were significantly associated with culture positivity in the 3 studied groups as determined by AUC. While OR confirmed association with pus sale scale in the 3 groups.

scholarly journals Febrile Urinary Tract Infection after Radical Cystectomy with Urinary Diversion: Different Characteristics in Patients with Ileal Conduit and Orthotopic Neobladder

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e38-e46
Author(s):  
Seungsoo Lee ◽  
Seung Ryong Baek ◽  
Won Hoon Song ◽  
Tae Nam Kim ◽  
Sung-Woo Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Ileal Conduit ◽  
Orthotopic Neobladder ◽  
Febrile Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Febrile Uti

Background and ObjectiveTo compare the incidence of febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) and bacterial identification between patients with orthotopic neobladder (ONB) and ileal conduit (IC). Materials and MethodsData of 164 patients who underwent radical cystectomy with ONB and IC for bladder cancer between January 2009 and January 2018 at our institution were analyzed. Febrile UTI observed was listed and subsequently compared. Incidence of febrile UTI, clinicopathological characteristics, and microorganisms identified were reported at 3 months interval; and preoperative predictors of febrile UTI were evaluated with Cox regression analysis. Patients were divided into ONB and IC. ResultsThe study cohort included 52 patients with ONB and 112 patients with IC. Febrile UTI was diagnosed in 49 (29.9%) patients. Compared to IC group, ONB group had significantly higher incidence of young age (p=0.00), lower cancer stage (p=0.013), longer hospital stay (p=0.049), longer operation time (p=0.00), and higher incidence of febrile UTI within the first 3 months after surgery (p=0.006). On univariable and multivariable analysis, factors associated with significantly increased febrile UTI risk were diabetes (odds ratio [OR]: 4.52; p=0.002) and ONB diversion (OR: 1.27; p=0.031). Forty-four (89.8%) patients were culture positive. However, significant difference in microorganisms was not detected between patients who under-went ONB or IC diversion. ConclusionDiabetes and ONB diversion were associated with higher risk symptomatic UTI following radical cystectomy.

scholarly journals Effect of Maternal Fever on Fetal Behavior Assessed by KANET Test

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
Ulrich Honemeyer ◽  
Amira Talic
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
Primary Localization

ABSTRACT Objective of the study was to assess the possible effect of maternal fever without clinical chorioamnionitis on fetal behavior. In a period of 18 months, in a prospective longitudinal cohort study, Kurjak antenatal neurological test (KANET) was applied to assess fetal behavior in both normal pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by maternal fever. According to the primary localization of the infection, maternal fever group was divided into four groups: Respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection, malaria and gastrointestinal tract infection. According to KANET test, fetuses with scores >14 were considered normal, 6 to 13 borderline and abnormal, if KANET scores were <5. Differences between groups were examined by Mann-Whitney U-test, differences between subgroups by Steel test. KANET scores differed statistically significant between two main groups. The largest proportion of abnormal KANET scores was found in pregnancies complicated by malaria, while the largest proportion of borderline scores showed fetuses from pregnancies complicated by urinary tract infection. There was no statistical significant difference in KANET scores between the control group and fetuses from pregnancies complicated by respiratory tract infection. KANET test has been shown to be a reliable means to distinguish normal and abnormal fetal behavior. Postnatal follow-up should confirm the data from prenatal assessment of fetal behavior. How to cite this article Talic A, Kurjak A, Honemeyer U. Effect of Maternal Fever on Fetal Behavior Assessed by KANET Test. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2012;6(2):160-165.

Evaluation of different sampling methods and criteria for diagnosing canine urinary tract infection by quantitative bacterial culture

2016 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 168-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M. Sørensen ◽  
A.B. Jensen ◽  
P. Damborg ◽  
C.R. Bjørnvad ◽  
L. Guardabassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Bacterial Culture

scholarly journals Evaluation of Procalcitonin and Interleukin-6 as a Marker of Bacterial Urinary Tract Infection

2022 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-213
Author(s):  
Suhaila N. Darogha ◽  
Sarhang H. Azeez ◽  
Zhian G. Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
High Morbidity Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a major clinical problem in a wide age range that is associated with a high morbidity rate. Due to issues such as low specificity and the inability to differentiate between different types of infection in current diagnostic methods, there is a need to introduce novel UTI markers. The present study was conducted to evaluate the utility of Procalcitonin (PCT) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a marker of bacterial urinary tract infection. For this purpose, a cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2020 and February 2021 among 125 patients and 60 healthy volunteers (control) in Erbil Teaching Hospital. The concentration of PCT and IL-6 was quantified using the ELISA cloud immunoassay test. Between-group comparisons were assessed for the variables with analysis of variance. The results revealed that there was a significant difference between PCT levels in UTI patients (104.6±6.07) and control groups (54±2.24) (p <0.0001). The differences in IL-6 concentration in UTI patients (55.74±4.2) and control groups (24.56±2.4) were also significant (p <0.0001), implying that the level of both PCT and IL-6 increased due to bacterial infection in the urinary tract. As a whole, the findings of this study provide

scholarly journals Accuracy of Automated Flow Cytometry-Based Leukocyte Counts To Rule Out Urinary Tract Infection in Febrile Children: a Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 2975-2981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Phuoc Duong ◽  
Karl Martin Wissing ◽  
Nathalie Tram ◽  
Georges Mascart ◽  
Philippe Lepage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Rule Out

Automated flow cytometry of urine remains an incompletely validated method to rule out urinary tract infection (UTI) in children. This cross-sectional analytical study was performed to compare the predictive values of flow cytometry and a dipstick test as initial diagnostic tests for UTI in febrile children and prospectively included 1,106 children (1,247 episodes). Urine culture was used as the gold standard test for diagnosing UTI. The performance of screening tests to diagnose UTI were established using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Among these 1,247 febrile episodes, 221 UTIs were diagnosed (17.7% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 15.6 to 19.8%]). The area under the ROC curve for flow cytometry white blood cell (WBC) counts (0.99 [95% CI, 0.98 to 0.99]) was significantly superior to that for red blood cell (0.74 [95% CI, 0.70 to 0.78]) and bacterial counts (0.89 [95% CI, 0.87 to 0.92]) ( P < 0.001). Urinary WBC counts also had a significantly higher area under the ROC curve than that of the leukocyte esterase (LE) dipstick (0.92 [95% CI, 0.90 to 0.94]), nitrite dipstick (0.83 [95% CI, 0.80 to 0.87]), or the combination of positive LE and/or nitrite dipstick (0.91 [95% CI, 0.89 to 0.93]) test ( P < 0.001). The presence of ≥35 WBC/μl of urine was the best cutoff point, yielding both a high sensitivity (99.5% [95% CI, 99 to 100%]) and an acceptable specificity (80.6% [95% CI, 78 to 83%]). Using this cutoff point would have reduced the number of samples sent to the laboratory for culture by 67%. In conclusion, the determination of urinary WBC counts by flow cytometry provides optimal performance as an initial diagnostic test for UTI in febrile children.

scholarly journals Lack of Clinical Utility of Urine Gram Stain for Suspected Urinary Tract Infection in Pediatric Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1282-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph B. Cantey ◽  
Claudia Gaviria-Agudelo ◽  
Erin McElvania TeKippe ◽  
Christopher D. Doern
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Urine Specimen ◽  
Gram Stain ◽  
Predictive Values

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in children. Urine culture remains the gold standard for diagnosis, but the utility of urine Gram stain relative to urinalysis (UA) is unclear. We reviewed 312 pediatric patients with suspected UTI who had urine culture, UA, and urine Gram stain performed from a single urine specimen. UA was considered positive if ≥10 leukocytes per oil immersion field were seen or if either nitrates or leukocyte esterase testing was positive. Urine Gram stain was considered positive if any organisms were seen. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated using urine culture as the gold standard. Thirty-seven (12%) patients had a culture-proven UTI. Compared to urine Gram stain, UA had equal sensitivity (97.3% versus 97.5%) and higher specificity (85% versus 74%). Empirical therapy was prescribed before the Gram stain result was known in 40 (49%) patients and after in 42 (51%) patients. The antibiotics chosen did not differ between the two groups (P= 0.81), nor did they differ for patients with Gram-negative rods on urine Gram stain compared to those with Gram-positive cocci (P= 0.67). From these data, we conclude that UA has excellent negative predictive value that is not enhanced by urine Gram stain and that antibiotic selection did not vary based on the urine Gram stain result. In conclusion, the clinical utility of urine Gram stain does not warrant the time or cost it requires.

Comparative Trial of Two Sulfisoxazole Regimens in Acute Urinary Tract Infection

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 863-866
Author(s):  
Randall A. Prince ◽  
Deborah H. Cassel ◽  
Charles D. Hepler ◽  
James L. Wilson ◽  
Mark E. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Comparative Trial ◽  
Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Loading Dose ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Acute Urinary Tract Infection

Traditionally, the therapeutic regimen of sulfisoxazole in acute urinary tract infection has included either a 2- or 4-g loading dose. However, the biopharmaceutical aspects of this drug indicate that a loading dose is unnecessary. The objective of this clinical study, therefore, was to compare a traditional regimen of sulfisoxazole to a regimen not utilizing a loading dose. Fifty adult female patients with acute, uncomplicated urinary tract infections were assigned to a ten-day course of sulfisoxazole 1 g po qid. Patients were randomly allocated to a 2-g loading dose or no loading dose regimen. Data were analyzed with regard to resolution of presenting symptoms and eradication of the infecting organism (i.e., cure). Statistical analysis demonstrated no significant difference for symptom resolution and cure. It appears that the convention of using an initial 2-g oral loading dose of sulfisoxazole in the treatment of acute, uncomplicated urinary tract infection is unwarranted.

scholarly journals Prevalence urinary tract infections in newborns of Baghdad hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (09) ◽  
pp. 802-816
Author(s):  
Dr. Mazin Imad Ahmed ◽  
◽  
Dr. Nihad Khalawe Tektook ◽  
Dr. Rahan Assim Mohammed Al-Qazzaz ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Rate ◽  
Diagnosis Of Infection ◽  
Low Rate ◽  
High Sensitivity Rate

In the neonatal period, urinary tract infection sepsis and urinary system It is an important clinical problem because it can be associated with congenital anomalies. The aim was determine the prevalence of UTI and the causative agent in neonates with their antibiotics sensitivity patterns. This study was planned as cross-sectional study. urinary tract at a 4-year time interval in a primary neonatal unit. It was performed on newborns who were hospitalized with the diagnosis of infection. patient data It was obtained retrospectively from patient files. Prior hospitalization, urinary catheterization, premature birth and urinary Newborns with multipathogen growth in their culture were not included in the study. for study Consent was obtained from the local ethics committee. Urinary tract infection, urine sample taken by bladder catheterization 10000-50000 CFU/ml colony count or pyuria in the presence of pyuria in the culture Colony count of ≥50000 CFU/ml in the absence of microorganism was defined as growth. Gender of the patients, weeks of gestation, mode of delivery, birth weight, urinary tract postnatal days of diagnosis of infection. The difference and relationships between the obtained data were statistically evaluated. In the present study, 186 urine specimens from neonates with UTI, 110(59.13%) were positive for bacterial culture. In addition 100 specimens from healthy neonates (control) included in the present study, only 8 (8%) were positive for bacterial culture The study showed that, E. coli were the most isolated bacteria According to the distribution of the isolated bacteria among the study groups, K. pneumoniae is the second, S. aureus and P. mirabilis the least isolated bacteria from neonates, The study showed that majority of neonates with UTI were females (65.45%) and 34.55% were males, The study demonstrated that, most cases suffered from dysuria due to UTI and 27.27% suffered from fever, The research indicated that, S. aureus showed high rate of sensitivity to ciprofloxacin and oxacillin (88.23%) and resistant to ampicillin and lincomycin. S. saprophyticus showed were sensitive to cephalothin, ciprofloxacin, oxacillin and lincomycin and complete resistant to ampicillin, erythromycin and amikacin. Streptococcus faecalis showed 100% sensitivity to oxacillin while it was resistant to ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, erythromycin and amikacin. E. coli isoaltes were 53 sensitive to to ceftazidim and resistant to oxacillin and lincomycin . K. pneumoniae were sensitive to amoxiclave and resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, oxacillin and lincomycin. Proteus mirabilis was sensitive to cefotaxim and it was resistant to erythromycin, ampicillin, oxacillin and lincomycin. Proteus vulgaris showed high sensitivity rate to nirtrofurontoin, cefotaxim (92.85%) and low rate of sensitivity to erythromycin (Figure 4.8). Pseudomonas aeroginosae showed high sensitivity rate to cefotaxim (86.66% ) and low rate of sensitivity (20%) to ampicillin.

scholarly journals A Prospective Audit of Urinary Tract Infection Incidence following the use of Endosheath® for Flexible Cystoscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. e21-e27
Author(s):  
Omar Al-Mula Abed ◽  
Shaun Trecarten ◽  
Shahid Islam ◽  
Ananda Kumar Dhanasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Sample ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Patient Comfort ◽  
Prospective Audit ◽  
Flexible Cystoscopy ◽  
Post Procedure ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity

Objectives To assess the incidence of bacteriuria and urinary tract infection following use of Endosheath®, and to assess patient comfort and satisfaction post-procedure.  Patients and Methods One hundred thirty-five patients undergoing Endosheath® flexible cystoscopy (FC) were prospectively identified. Patients were excluded if pre-procedure urinalysis or symptoms suggested infection. Those who underwent FC were asked to provide a urine sample 72 hours post-procedure, assessing for bacterial culture and sensitivity. Patients completed a questionnaire assessing comfort, pain and whether they would recommend the procedure to others if required.  Results Of the 135 patients, 117 patients returned their post-procedure samples and processed. Thirteen (11.1%) of the urine cultures samples were positive. Four (3.4%) of this 13 patients had symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI) and were treated with antibiotics. One hundred and seven (79%) patients found the procedure comfortable and 104 (77%) patients would recommend the procedure to others.  Conclusions Flexible Cystoscopy utilising Endosheath® appears to have comparable incidence of bacteriuria and UTI post procedure compared with standard FC, and is well tolerated by most patients.

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