scholarly journals Triglyceride-rich lipoprotein and LDL particle subfractions and their association with incident type 2 diabetes: the PREVEND study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Sokooti ◽  
Jose L. Flores-Guerrero ◽  
Hiddo J. L. Heerspink ◽  
Margery A. Connelly ◽  
Stephan J. L. Bakker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Particle Characteristics ◽  
Ldl Size ◽  
Triglyceride Rich Lipoprotein ◽  
Β Cell Function

Abstract Background Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins particles (TRLP) and low density lipoprotein particles (LDLP) vary in size. Their association with β-cell function is not well described. We determined associations of TRLP and LDLP subfractions with β-cell function, estimated as HOMA-β, and evaluated their associations with incident T2D in the general population. Methods We included 4818 subjects of the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease (PREVEND) study without T2D at baseline. TRLP and LDLP subfraction concentrations and their average sizes were measured using the LP4 algorithm of the Vantera nuclear magnetic resonance platform. HOMA-IR was used as measure of insulin resistance. HOMA-β was used as a proxy of β-cell function. Results In subjects without T2D at baseline, very large TRLP, and LDL size were inversely associated with HOMA-β, whereas large TRLP were positively associated with HOMA-β when taking account of HOMA-IR. During a median follow-up of 7.3 years, 263 participants developed T2D. In multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models, higher concentrations of total, very large, large, and very small TRLP (reflecting remnants lipoproteins) and greater TRL size were associated with an increased T2D risk after adjustment for relevant covariates, including age, sex, BMI, HDL-C, HOMA-β, and HOMA-IR. On the contrary, higher concentrations of large LDLP and greater LDL size were associated with a lower risk of developing T2D. Conclusions Specific TRL and LDL particle characteristics are associated with β-cell function taking account of HOMA-IR. Moreover, TRL and LDL particle characteristics are differently associated with incident T2D, even when taking account of HOMA-β and HOMA-IR.

scholarly journals Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein and LDL Particle Subfractions and Their Association With Incident Type 2 Diabetes: The PREVEND Study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Sokooti Oskooei ◽  
Jose L Flores-Guerrero ◽  
Hiddo J.L Heerspink ◽  
Margery A Connelly ◽  
Stephan J.L Bakker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Particle Characteristics ◽  
Ldl Size ◽  
Triglyceride Rich Lipoprotein ◽  
Β Cell Function

Abstract Background: Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins particles (TRLP) and low density lipoprotein particles (LDLP) vary in size. Their association with β-cell function is not well described. We determined associations of TRLP and LDLP subfractions with β-cell function, and evaluated their associations with incident T2D in the general population.Methods: We included 4818 subjects of the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease (PREVEND) study without T2D at baseline. TRLP and LDLP subfraction concentrations and their average sizes were measured using the LP4 algorithm of the Vantera nuclear magnetic resonance platform. HOMA-IR was used as measure of insulin resistance. HOMA-β was used as a proxy of β-cell function.Results: In subjects without T2D at baseline, very large TRLP, large LDLP and LDL size were inversely associated with HOMA-β, whereas large TRLP, medium TRLP and TRL size were positively associated with HOMA-β taking account of HOMA-IR. During a median follow-up of 7.3 years, 263 individuals developed T2D. In multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models, higher concentrations of total, very large, large, and very small TRLP and TRL size were associated with an increased T2D risk after adjustment for relevant covariates, including age, sex, BMI, HDL-C, HOMA-β, and HOMA-IR. On the contrary, higher concentrations of large LDLP and LDL size were associated with a lower risk of developing T2D.Conclusions: Specific TRL and LDL particle characteristics are associated with β-cell function taking account of HOMA-IR. Moreover, TRL and LDL particle characteristics are differently associated with incident T2D, even when taking account of HOMA-β and HOMA-IR.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Levonorgestrel-Releassing Intrauterine System (Lng Ius) on Metabolic Markers in Women with Normal Body Mass and Overweight Women

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Ineta Vasaraudze ◽  
Dace Rezeberga ◽  
Renars Erts ◽  
Aivars Lejnieks
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Β Cell Function

Abstract Introduction. In Latvia, the number of overweight women is increasing, while the rate of cardio vascular disease (CVD) is one of the highest in the European Union. The influence of hormonal contraception on the development of CVD has not been studied in Latvia so far. Aim of the study. A nonrandomized open-label prospective trial of healthy reproductive-age women desiring to use the LNG IUS. Materials and methods. Before starting the use of contraception and six months after starting the use of contraception, the homeostasis model assessment insulin resistant (HOMA-IR) score, insulin sensitivity (HOMA-%S) and β-cell function (HOMA-%B) were calculated using fasting glucose (FG) and C peptide values. There were also determined other cardio-metabolic parameters: total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride level, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and abdominal circumference. Results. Thirty women were involved in the study: seventeen women with a normal body-mass index (BMI) (BMI below 25) and thirteen overweight women (BMI above 25). When using the LNG IUS, the fasting glucose level increased in women with normal body mass, the level of insulin sensitivity decreased in both study groups; C peptide level, β-cell function and insulin resistance increased in both groups, but the changes were not statistically reliable (p>0.05). Conclusion. Although during the study there were determined changes in the FG level, insulin sensitivity, C peptide, β-cell function and insulin resistance parameters, these changes are not clinically significant, and the LNG IUS may be safely used clinically both by women with normal body mass and overweight women.

scholarly journals Differences in Cardiometabolic Risk Profiles Between Chinese and Finnish Older Adults with Glucose Impairment and Central Obesity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenglong Le ◽  
Yinan Zhang ◽  
Ari Voutilainen ◽  
Xiao Tan ◽  
Jari Laukkanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Chinese Subjects

Abstract Background Obesity and ethnicity play important roles in cardiovascular complications in patients with T2DM. This study aimed to compare cardiometabolic risk profiles between Chinese and Finnish older adults with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and central obesity. Methods Study subjects were 60-74 years old and originated from two population samples. The Finnish subjects came from the Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease (KIHD) study (n = 1089), and the Chinese subjects came from the Shanghai High-risk Diabetic Screen (SHiDS) study (n = 818). The KIHD and SHiDS studies used similar questionnaires to determine participants’ baseline characteristics regarding the history of medication use and diseases and lifestyle factors. All study subjects participated in glucose tolerance tests and anthropometry assessments, including waist circumference measurements. Results Among study subjects with prediabetes and central obesity (n = 298), fasting glucose, 2-h glucose, fasting insulin, insulin resistance, and triglyceride (TG) levels were significantly higher while the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and LDL to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) ratio were lower in Chinese individuals than Finnish individuals (p <0.0001-0.003). Among subjects with T2DM and central obesity (n = 251), Chinese subjects had significantly less proportions of antihypertensive, glycaemic control medication, and statin users as well as lower level of physical activity (p < 0.0001 for all), while higher blood pressure (p = 0.002 for systolic blood pressure and p < 0.0001 for diastolic blood pressure), TG levels (p < 0.05) and HDL (p = 0.002) than the Finnish counterparts. There were no differences in β-cell function (HOMA-β) between Chinese and Finnish both in prediabetes and T2DM. Conclusions Our results indicated that Chinese and Finnish older adults with prediabetes and T2DM had similar β-cell function. However, Chinese individuals with prediabetes are prone to lipid metabolism dysfunction and insulin resistance. Strategies for preventing prediabetes from developing into diabetes in Chinese individuals should be focused on interventions such as exercise to increase insulin sensitivity and prevent insulin resistance. For Finnish individuals with prediabetes, more attention should be given to weight control.

scholarly journals Functional Status of Pancreatic α and β Cells in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Different Plasma Triglyceride Levels: A Retrospective Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Hang Guo ◽  
Chunlei Ma ◽  
Xiaoming Wu ◽  
Congqing Pan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Triglyceride ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function

Objective. To investigate the functional status of pancreatic α and β cells in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with different plasma triglyceride (TG) levels. TG levels can be prognostic markers for T2DM. Methods. A total of 328 patients with T2DM were divided into three groups according to different TG levels: the TGL group: TG < 1.7 mmol/L; TGM group: 1.7 mmol/L ≤ TG < 2.3 mmol/L; and TGH group: TG ≥ 2.3 mmol/L. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), insulin release test, and glucagon release test were performed in each patient. The changes of glucagon, glucagon/insulin ratio, early insulin secretion index ( Δ I 30 / Δ G 30 ), and area under the insulin curve (AUCI) were compared among each group. Also, the correlations between glucagon and pancreatic β-cell function, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and other indices were analyzed. Results. With the increase of TG, the fasting and postprandial glucagon levels, the glucagon/insulin ratio, and the area under the glucagon curve (AUCG) presented an increasing trend. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA–IR) of the TGH group was significantly increased compared to the TGL and TGM groups. In addition to the increase in TG levels, the insulin sensitivity index (ISI), homeostasis model assessment for β-cell function index (HOMA-β), Δ I 30 / Δ G 30 , and AUCI displayed a reducing trend. Glucagon was negatively correlated with Δ I 30 / Δ G 30 , high-density lipoprotein (HDL), HOMA-β, body mass index (BMI), ISI, and AUCI ( P < 0.05 ) and positively correlated with fasting blood glucose (FPG), AUCG, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, duration, TG, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and total cholesterol (TC) ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Hypertriglyceridemia aggravated the dysfunction of pancreatic α and β cells. A reasonable control of the TG level makes it easier for blood glucose to reach the standard.

HDL cholesterol is an independent predictor of β‐cell function decline and incident type 2 diabetes: A longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa V. Fiorentino ◽  
Elena Succurro ◽  
Maria A. Marini ◽  
Elisabetta Pedace ◽  
Francesco Andreozzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Incident Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Β Cell Function

scholarly journals Residual β-Cell Function in Type 1 Diabetes Followed for 2 Years after 3C Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kun Lin ◽  
Xiaoping Yang ◽  
Yixi Wu ◽  
Shuru Chen ◽  
Qiong Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Age Of Diagnosis

Objective. To investigate the natural history and related factors of the pancreatic β-cell function in Chinese type 1 diabetic patients from 3C study Shantou center. Method. Stimulated C-peptide levels from follow-up data of 201 individuals in 3C study Shantou subgroup starting in 2012 were used. Residual β-cell function was defined as stimulated C − peptide   level ≥ 0.2   pmol / mL , on the basis of cut-points derived from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT). Results. 36.8% of patients had residual β-cell function, and the percentage was 68.2% in newly diagnosed diabetic patients. COX regression analysis indicated that the age of diagnosis, HbA1C level, and duration were independent factors of residual β-cell function in individuals with ≤5 years duration, but in those with duration ≥5 years, only the age of diagnosis was a predictor. The pancreatic β-cell function mainly declined in the first 5 years of the duration, and the rate of decline was correlated negatively with the duration and age of diagnosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that the cut-off point of stimulated C-peptide was 0.615 pmol/mL in patients with <5 years duration to have 7% HbA1c. Conclusion. Age at diagnosis was the strongest predictor for residual C-peptide. There was a more rapid decline of stimulated C-peptide in duration ≤5 years and younger patients. Therefore, intervention therapies of β-cells should start from the early stage, and the recommended target goal of stimulated C-peptide is 0.615 pmol/mL or above.

Adipokines as key players in β cell function and failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (22) ◽  
pp. 2317-2327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolás Gómez-Banoy ◽  
James C. Lo
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Cell Axis ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Whole Body Metabolism

Abstract The growing prevalence of obesity and its related metabolic diseases, mainly Type 2 diabetes (T2D), has increased the interest in adipose tissue (AT) and its role as a principal metabolic orchestrator. Two decades of research have now shown that ATs act as an endocrine organ, secreting soluble factors termed adipocytokines or adipokines. These adipokines play crucial roles in whole-body metabolism with different mechanisms of action largely dependent on the tissue or cell type they are acting on. The pancreatic β cell, a key regulator of glucose metabolism due to its ability to produce and secrete insulin, has been identified as a target for several adipokines. This review will focus on how adipokines affect pancreatic β cell function and their impact on pancreatic β cell survival in disease contexts such as diabetes. Initially, the “classic” adipokines will be discussed, followed by novel secreted adipocyte-specific factors that show therapeutic promise in regulating the adipose–pancreatic β cell axis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document