Determinants of late presentation to HIV/AIDS care in Southern Tigray Zone, Northern Ethiopia: an institution based case–control study

Abstract BACKGROUND: The Apgar score is a method to quickly summarize the health of newborn children. It establishes a simple and clear classification of newborns, which could be used to predict survival and to compare methods of resuscitation and perinatal experience across hospitals and obstetric practices. Low Apgar score is associated with various immediate and long-term adverse health outcomes of newborns. Hence; in order to decrease the risk/complications, identifying the determinant factors of low Apgar is crucial to act on the modifiable risk factors. This study is aimed to investigate the determinant factors of a low Apgar score in newborn children.METHOD: The study was conducted in Lemelem Karl general hospital; northern Ethiopia. An institutional-based unmatched, case-control study was implemented. Data were retrieved from medical charts of 662 newborns’ mothers who gave birth in the hospital from Sep 2014 to Sep 2017. Among these, 221 of them were cases (charts of mothers whose newborns’ fifth minute Apgar score was <7) and 441 of them were controls (charts of mothers whose newborns’ Apgar score was 7 and above). Data was collected using a pretested and structured checklist using systematic sampling and data was entered & analyzed using SPSS version 20. Binary and multivariable logistic regression was done to determine the association and statistical significance was declared at P-value of ≤0.05. RESULTS: This study revealed that low Apgar score was significantly associated with antepartum hemorrhage [Adjusted odss ratio (AOR) 3.509; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.526-8.067), P= 0.003], pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders [AOR 2.69; 95% CI (1.351-5.357), P= 0.005], prolonged second stage of labor [AOR 2.63; 95% CI (1.399-4.944), P= 0.003], Cesarean delivery [AOR 2.005; 95%CI (1.223-3.287), P= 0.006],meconium-stained liquor [AOR 6.955; 95% CI (3.721-13.001), P<0.001], and low birth weight [AOR 4.38; 95% CI (2.216-8.657), P<0.001].CONCLUSION: Result from this study showed a remarkable linkage of low Apgar score with antepartum hemorrhage, pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders, meconium-stained liquor, and low birth weight. Therefore, meticulous antenatal care and labour management service are recommended to prevent low Apgar score and the concomitant neonatal death.

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Determinants of preterm delivery in the central zone of Tigray, northern Ethiopia: A case-control study

South African Journal of Child Health ◽

10.7196/sajch.2019.v13i3.1479 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 108 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F T Wudie ◽

F A Tesfamicheal ◽

H Z Fisseha ◽

N B Weldehawaria ◽

K H Misgena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Delivery ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Central Zone ◽

Case Control ◽

Northern Ethiopia ◽

Control Study

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Effect of nutritional factors on adherence to antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected adults: a case control study in Northern Ethiopia

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/1471-2334-13-233 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Negassie Berhe ◽

Desalegn Tegabu ◽

Mekuriaw Alemayehu

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Northern Ethiopia ◽

Nutritional Factors ◽

Control Study

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Determinants of Preterm Birth among Women Who Gave Birth in Amhara Region Referral Hospitals, Northern Ethiopia, 2018: Institutional Based Case Control Study

International Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1155/2020/1854073 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Abebayehu Melesew Mekuriyaw ◽

Muhabaw Shumye Mihret ◽

Ayenew Engida Yismaw

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Multiple Gestation ◽

Northern Ethiopia ◽

Amhara Region ◽

Premature Rupture ◽

Referral Hospitals ◽

Multivariable Analyses ◽

Control Study

Background. Preterm birth refers to a birth of a baby before 37 completed weeks of gestation and after fetal viability. It is now the leading cause of new born deaths. Although identifying its common risk factors is mandatory to decrease preterm birth and thereby neonatal deaths, there was a dearth of studies in the study area. Objective. The aim of this study was to identify determinants of preterm birth among women who gave birth in Amhara region referral hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018. Method. An institutional based case-control study was conducted from September 01 to December 01/2018. A total of 405 mothers (135 cases and 270 controls) were included in the study. Multistage sampling technique was employed. Data were collected using structured questionnaire through face to face interview and checklist via Chart review. Data were entered into Epi Info version 7 and export to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 for analysis. Descriptive statics like mean, frequency and percentage was used to describe the characteristics of participants. Both bivariable and multivariable analyses were carried out. Variable having p-value <0.05 in binary logistic regression were the candidate for multivariable analyses. Finally, the statistical significance of the study was claimed based on the Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95% Confidence Interval (CI) and its p-value <0.05. Result. The result of multivariable analysis show that mothers with no formal education (AOR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.28, 3.91), history of abortion (AOR = 2.92; 95% CI: 1.3, 6.4), multiple gestation (AOR = 4.1; 95% CI: 1.7, 9.8), hemoglobin level <11 gm/dl (AOR = 2.75; 95% CI: 1.11, 7.31), premature rupture of membrane (AOR = 6.4; 95% CI: 3.23, 12.7) and pregnancy induced hypertension (AOR = 4.74; 95% CI: 2.49, 9.0) had statistically significant association with experiencing preterm birth. Conclusion and Recommendation. Most of the determinants of preterm birth found to be modifiable. Thus, putting emphasis for prevention of obstetric and gynecologic complications such as anemia, premature rupture of membrane and abortion would decrease the incidence of preterm birth. Moreover, strengthening Information Communication Education about prevention of preterm birth was recommended.

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Motor speed and reaction time in HIV/AIDS patients: a case-control study

African Journal of AIDS Research ◽

10.2989/16085900609490382 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 217-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Olubunmi Ogunrin ◽

Francis Odiase

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Motor Speed ◽

Aids Patients ◽

Control Study ◽

Hiv Aids

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Determinants of Tuberculosis Among HIV Infected Adults in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, West Ethiopia: A Facility-Based Case-Control Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-85008/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zelalem Belay Adugna ◽

Belachew Etana Tolessa ◽

Mekdes Tigistu Yilma

Keyword(s):

Protective Effect ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Case Control ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Past ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Control Study ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract Background: Tuberculosis is a contagious air born disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis species and the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV/AIDS worldwide. Globally, it causes ill-health among millions of people living with HIV/AIDS each year. Objective: To identify determinants of Tuberculosis among HIV infected adults in public health facilities, in Horro Guduru Wollega Zone, 2019. Methods: Unmatched case-control study was conducted among 127 cases and 255 controls which were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected by record review and through face to face interview. Then, analysis was done using SPSS version 25.To identify determinants of tuberculosis multivariable logistic regression was employed. Adjusted odds ratio was calculated with 95 % CI to show strength of association and P-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.Results: - A total of 127 cases and 255 controls were participated into the study with 97.2% response rate. Aged ≥35 years [ AOR= 2.63, 95% CI(1.29,5.36)], alcohol consumption [AOR=3.34,95%CI(1.68,6.99)], Having CD4 cells <200 [AOR=3.67, 95% CI (1.5, 9.1)], Having Haemoglobin <11g/dl [AOR=3.77, 95%CI(1.84,7.72)], Imprisoned in the past 2 years [AOR=4.22, 95%CI(1.56, 11.37)], Living with TB patients in the same house [AOR=14.97, 95% CI(1.99, 21.63)] were factors associated with TB among HIV infected adults. Importantly, using Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis [AOR=0.193, 95% CI(0.81,0.46)] had a protective effect from acquiring TB. Conclusion and Recommendation: Being in old age, alcohol use, Chewing khat, Having CD4cells <200, Advanced WHO clinical stage, Hgb <11g/dl, Imprisoned in the past 2 years, History of previous TB and living with TB patients in the same house were factors associated with TB/HIV co-infection. Using Cotrimoxazole had a protective effect from acquiring TB/HIV co-infection. For most of these determinants interventions can be made at individual and institutional levels, whereas, some factors need societal level integrations.

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