scholarly journals The effect of breastfeeding on postpartum glucose tolerance and lipid profiles in women with gestational diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Shub ◽  
Manisha Miranda ◽  
Harry M. Georgiou ◽  
Elizabeth A. McCarthy ◽  
Martha Lappas
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Glucose Levels

Abstract Background We aimed to investigate the association of breastfeeding on postpartum glucose levels and lipid profiles in women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and women without GDM. Methods We performed a secondary analysis of a cohort study of 243 women, 159 women with GDM and 84 normally glucose tolerant women between 2012 and 2017. At approximately 6–10 weeks postpartum, we measured fasting blood glucose and plasma lipid levels. Breastfeeding behaviour was self-defined as exclusive breastfeeding or not exclusive breastfeeding. Results The mean (SD) glucose in the group of women who breastfed exclusively was 4.6 (0.49) mmol/L, compared to 4.9 (0.58) mmol/L (95% CI 0.45, 0.15, p <  0.001) among women who did not exclusively breastfeed. Among women with GDM, the reduction in fasting glucose in women who were breastfeeding was 0.22 mmol/L (95% CI 0.39, 0.05, p = 0.004), and in women who were not GDM, the reduction was 0.14 mmol/L (95% CI 0.37, 0.09, p = 0.24,). After adjustment for GDM status in pregnancy, maternal body mass index (BMI), maternal age and ethnicity, and exclusive breastfeeding was associated with a decreased fasting glucose of 0.19 (95% CI 0.318, 0.061, p = 0.004). After similar adjustment, there was no significant difference in triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol between women who were breastfeeding and women who were not breastfeeding. Conclusions Breastfeeding is associated with a reduction in fasting glucose levels postpartum, but not maternal lipid profile. Breastfeeding may play a role in reducing glucose intolerance in women who have had GDM.

scholarly journals The Predictive Effects of Early Pregnancy Lipid Profiles and Fasting Glucose on the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Stratified by Body Mass Index

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Wang ◽  
Weiwei Zhu ◽  
Yumei Wei ◽  
Rina Su ◽  
Hui Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol

This study aimed at evaluating the predictive effects of early pregnancy lipid profiles and fasting glucose on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in patients stratified by prepregnancy body mass index (p-BMI) and to determine the optimal cut-off values of each indicator for different p-BMI ranges. A retrospective system cluster sampling survey was conducted in Beijing during 2013 and a total of 5,265 singleton pregnancies without prepregnancy diabetes were included. The information for each participant was collected individually using questionnaires and medical records. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operator characteristics analysis were used in the analysis. Outcomes showed that potential markers for the prediction of GDM include early pregnancy lipid profiles (cholesterol, triacylglycerols, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios [LDL-C/HDL-C], and triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios [TG/HDL-C]) and fasting glucose, of which fasting glucose level was the most accurate indicator. Furthermore, the predictive effects and cut-off values for these factors varied according to p-BMI. Thus, p-BMI should be a consideration for the risk assessment of pregnant patients for GDM development.

scholarly journals Vanadium Exposure in Early Pregnancy and Increased Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 727-727
Author(s):  
Xiyu Cao ◽  
Lixia Lin ◽  
Meng Wu ◽  
Daxiang Xiao ◽  
Menghan Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol

Abstract Objectives To investigate the association between blood vanadium (V) concentrations in early pregnancy and blood lipid profiles and their implications on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods We performed a prospective study of 2416 pregnant women from the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort (TMCHC). Demographic characteristics and dietary intake were obtained by questionnaire, and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was conducted at 24–28 gestational weeks to diagnose GDM. V concentrations and lipid levels were determined by analysis of blood samples, which were collected before 20 gestational weeks, with the use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and commercial assay kits. Multiple linear regression and Logistic regression were used in our analysis. Results The median (inter quartile range) value of V concentrations of all pregnant women was 0.19 (0.24, 0.32) μg/L. After adjusting for demographic and dietary factors, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) were correlated positively with blood concentrations of V (p for trend = 0.002 for LDL-C, p for trend = 0.006 for TG and p for trend = 0.003 for TC) while there was a significant negative correlation between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and V concentrations (p for trend &lt; 0.001). In addition, V concentrations were significantly higher in women with GDM than those without GDM (median value: 0.26μg/L vs. 0.24μg/L, p &lt; 0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, for each one natural logarithmic unit increase in V concentrations, there was 42% [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.42; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14, 1.77] increase in the risk of GDM. Women in the highest quartile for V had a 2.24-fold (95% CI: 1.43, 3.52) higher risk of GDM compared with women in the lowest quartile (p for trend = 0.002). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first research of associations between blood V levels during pregnancy and blood lipid profiles or GDM. Our study suggests that pregnant women with higher V exposure levels may have higher risks of dyslipidemia and GDM, either evaluated with or without adjustment of demographic information, dietary factors or other common trace elements’ concentrations. Funding Sources Received from the National Program on Basic Research Project of China (NO.2013FY114200) for Nianhong Yang.

scholarly journals Alteration of serum neuregulin 4 and neuregulin 1 in gestational diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204201882110496
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Bi Lu ◽  
Wenhua Wang ◽  
Shifeng Miao ◽  
Shuru Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Neuregulin 1 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Neuregulin 4

Context: Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) and neuregulin 1 (Nrg1) have been shown to play vital roles in several disorders of glucose metabolism. The pathophysiological role of Nrg4 and Nrg1 in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), however, remains poorly understood. We assessed the clinical relevance of the two cytokines in patients with GDM. Methods: The study recruited 36 GDM patients and 38 age-matched, gestational age (24–28 weeks of gestation)–matched, and BMI (during pregnancy)–matched controls in this study. Serum Nrg4 and Nrg1 were measured using ELISA. Inflammatory factors such as IL-6, IL-1β, leptin, TNF-α, and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) were determined via Luminex technique. Results: Serum Nrg4 in GDM patients was significantly lower than that in the controls, while Nrg1 was significantly higher in the GDM group ( p < 0.01). Inflammatory factors such as IL-6, leptin, and TNF-α were significantly increased in GDM patients, while MCP-1 and IL-1β were not significantly different between the two groups. In addition, serum Nrg4 was negatively correlated with fasting glucose ( r = −0.438, p = 0.008), HOMA-IR ( r = −0.364, p = 0.029), IL-6 ( r = −0.384, p = 0.021), leptin ( r = −0.393, p = 0.018), TNF-α ( r = −0.346, p = 0.039), and MCP-1 ( r = −0.342, p = 0.041), and positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ( r = −0.357, p = 0.033) in GDM group. Serum Nrg1 was positively correlated with BMI ( r = 0.452, p = 0.006), fasting glucose ( r = 0.424, p = 0.010), HOMA-IR ( r = 0.369, p = 0.027), and triglyceride ( r = 0.439, p = 0.007). The decrease of Nrg4 and the increase of Nrg1 were significantly related to the increased prevalence of GDM. Finally, ROC curve results indicated that Nrg1 combined with IL-6 and TNF-α might be an effective means for GDM screening. Conclusions: Lower circulating Nrg4 and higher circulating Nrg1 serve risk factors of GDM. Nrg1 combined with IL-6 and TNF-α might be a potential tool for GDM screening.

Association Between Lipid Trajectories During Pregnancy and Risk of Postpartum Glucose Intolerance After Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuofan Yang ◽  
Zhuyu Li ◽  
Yunjiu Cheng ◽  
Peisong Chen ◽  
Dongyu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Early Postpartum ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: To assess lipid trajectories throughout pregnancy in relation to early postpartum glucose intolerance in women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods: This prospective cohort study included 221 Chinese women with GDM who completed plasma lipid test in each trimester of pregnancy and oral glucose tolerance test at 6-9 weeks post-delivery between January 1st 2018 and January 8th 2020. Using the group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM), total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C) were identified separately as three trajectories: low, moderate, and high trajectory. The associations between lipid trajectories and early postpartum glucose intolerance were all evaluated.Results: Seventy-three participants developed postpartum glucose intolerance. For patients in low, moderate and high trajectory, the incidence of postpartum glucose intolerance was 38.4, 34.9, and 17.9%, respectively. GDM women with lower LDL-C trajectories presented a higher risk of postpartum glucose intolerance. The adjusted odds ratio(95% CI) for glucose intolerance was 3.14(1.17-8.39) in low LDL-C trajectory and 2.68(1.05-6.85) in moderate trajectory when compared with the high one. However, TC trajectory was not associated with risk of postpartum glucose intolerance, nor were TG trajectory and HDL-C trajectory. Moreover, a significant difference of insulin sensitivity was observed in participants with different LDL-C trajectories, participants in high LDL-C trajectory had the highest insulin sensitivity whereas the women in low LDL-C trajectory had the lowest insulin sensitivity(P=0.02). Conclusions: The high trajectory of LDL-C during pregnancy may play a protective role on postpartum glucose intolerance in women with GDM. Further studies are warranted to explore the underlying mechanism.Trial registration: The study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University(reference number: [2014]No. 93). All participants provided written informed consent forms, and the ethics committee approved this consent procedure.

scholarly journals Effect of alpha-lipoic acid supplementation on the lipid profile and lipid ratios in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A clinical trial study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadise Aslfalah ◽  
Mehri Jamilian ◽  
Hadi Ansarihadipour ◽  
Mahdi Abdollahi ◽  
Ali Khosrowbeygi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽  
Tyg Index ◽  
Lipid Ratios

Background: Evidence suggests that Oxidative stress has been shown to plays an important role in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) etiology. On the other hand, women with GDM are at an increased risk for complications such as endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. Objective: To investigate the effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on the maternal circulating values of lipid profile and lipid ratios in women with GDM. Materials and Methods: Sixty women with GDM were participated in the present study. The ALA group (n = 30) received ALA (100 mg/day) and the placebo group (n = 30) received cellulose acetate (100 mg/day) for eight wk. The maternal circulating values of hemoglobin A1C, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), non-HDL-C, and lipid ratios were assessed before and after the intervention. P-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The values of TyG index (p < 0.001), TG (p = 0.006), TG/HDL-C (p = 0.003), and AIP (p = 0.005) decreased significantly in the ALA group after the intervention. Conclusion: Maternal circulating values of TyG index, TG, TG/HDL, AIP decreased after eight wk of ALA supplementation in women with GDM. Key words: Lipoic acid, Gestational diabetes, Lipids, Triglycerides, Cholesterol.

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